中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (29): 4624-4631.doi: 10.12307/2022.844

• 组织构建临床实践 clinical practice in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

机器学习与脑电信号分析相结合的眩晕状态分类

耿跃华,石金祥   

  1. 河北工业大学,省部共建电工装备可靠性与智能化国家重点实验室,天津市  300130
  • 收稿日期:2021-10-16 接受日期:2021-11-17 出版日期:2022-10-18 发布日期:2022-03-28
  • 作者简介:耿跃华,女,1978年生,汉族,2010年河北工业大学毕业,博士,副教授,主要从事生物电磁技术方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(51877067),项目参与人:耿跃华

Classification of vertigo state based on machine learning and electroencephalogram signal analysis

Geng Yuehua, Shi Jinxiang   

  1. Province-Ministry Joint Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
  • Received:2021-10-16 Accepted:2021-11-17 Online:2022-10-18 Published:2022-03-28
  • About author:Geng Yuehua, PhD, Associate professor, Province-Ministry Joint Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Field and Electrical Apparatus Reliability, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300130, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 51877067 (to GYH [project participant])

摘要:

文题释义:
机器学习:是一门多领域交叉融合的学科,涉及统计学、算法理论、概率论等基础理论。目前,机器学习在医疗诊断领域得到了迅速发展。该研究应用前庭电刺激诱发眩晕症状,通过逻辑回归、支持向量机、反向传播以及随机森林对不同等级的眩晕症状进行分类研究,其中随机森林模型分类检测效果明显,准确率最高可达82.5%。
脑电信号分析:是解析大脑皮质神经电活动信号的有效方法。由于脑电信号属于非线性时变随机的复杂信号,对其研究一直是非常吸引人但又具有相当难度的研究课题。常用的信号处理方法有快速傅里叶变换法、短时傅里叶变换法、功率谱分析法以及小波变换等,该研究通过小波分解算法提取小波能量以及小波熵的脑电特征,采用多种有监督式机器学习分类器实现了对不同眩晕等级的分类。

背景:脑电图是临床上检测及分析眩晕的一种常用手段,目前多采用单极或多级导联描记并分析脑电频率是否异常。但眩晕的脑电活动过程是异常复杂的,仅采用频率快慢分析的方法,很难对眩晕状态进行准确的分类和检测。
目的:将机器学习与脑电信号分析相结合对眩晕状态进行分类,这对眩晕的诊断具有一定的研究意义和临床应用价值。
方法:采用无创的前庭功能调节技术前庭电刺激制造可逆的眩晕状态,刺激电流强度为1,2,4倍皮肤感知阈值,被试在不同强度电流刺激后需填写眩晕残障量表,根据眩晕障碍量表评估结果将眩晕症状分为不同的等级,以此作为脑电分类有监督学习的数据标签。采集刺激后的脑电信号,通过小波变换提取脑电信号的小波能量以及小波熵的样本特征,利用多种机器学习分类模型对有无眩晕以及不同等级眩晕的样本特征进行分类。
结果与结论:①通过对多种分类模型分类结果的对比发现:基于脑电信号小波变换特征的有监督学习分类可以实现是否眩晕和眩晕等级的二分类和多分类;②随机森林分类模型较逻辑回归模型、支持向量机模型、反向传播神经网络模型在眩晕检测的二分类以及多分类问题上表现出较高的准确率,其中二分类准确率最高可达82.5%,操作特性曲线面积为0.913,三分类准确率最高可达75.8%,操作特性曲线面积为0.927;③结果表明,随机森林模型在有无眩晕及眩晕等级的脑电特征分类问题上具有较高的准确率。该方法为眩晕症状的分类检测提供了一种可行性的补充方案,为眩晕症的诊断提供了一个新的思路。

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6310-3689(耿跃华);https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6098-8132(石金祥) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 前庭电刺激, 眩晕, 脑电信号, 小波变换, 分类算法

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a common means to detect and analyze vertigo in clinic. Currently, unipolar or multistage lead tracing is mostly used to record and analyze whether the EEG frequency is abnormal. However, the EEG process of vertigo is extremely complex. It is difficult to accurately classify and detect the vertigo state only using a frequency speed analysis. 
OBJECTIVE: To classify the types of vertigo based on the combination of machine learning and EEG signal analysis, which has certain research significance and clinical application value for the diagnosis of vertigo.
METHODS: The non-invasive vestibular function regulation technology for vestibular electrical stimulation was used to create a reversible vertigo state. The stimulation current intensity was 1, 2, and 4 times that of the skin perception threshold. All subjects were required to fill in a dizziness handicap inventory after different intensity current stimulations. The vertigo symptoms were divided into different grades according to the evaluation results of the dizziness handicap inventory, which was used as the data label for supervised learning of EEG classification. The stimulated EEG signals were collected, the wavelet energy and wavelet entropy sample features of EEG signals were extracted by wavelet transform, and a variety of machine learning classification models were used to classify the features of samples with or without vertigo and with different levels of vertigo.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: By comparing the classification results of various classification models, we found that the supervised learning classification based on the wavelet transform characteristics of EEG signals could realize the binary classification and multi-classification of vertigo and vertigo level. Compared with logistic regression model, support vector machine model, back propagation neural network model, and random forest classification model showed higher accuracy in the binary classification and multi-classification of vertigo detection. The accuracy of the binary classification was up to 82.5% and the operating characteristic curve area was 0.913; the accuracy of the three-way classification was up to 75.8% and the operating characteristic curve area was 0.927. All these findings indicate that the random forest model has a relatively higher accuracy in the classification of EEG features with or without vertigo and vertigo level. This method provides a feasible supplementary scheme for the classification and detection of vertigo symptoms and offers a new perspective on the diagnosis of vertigo.

Key words: vestibular electrical stimulation, vertigo, electroencephalogram, wavelet transform, classification algorithm

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