中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (8): 1245-1249.doi: 10.12307/2022.1025

• 组织构建临床实践 clinical practice in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

视觉因素对青年平衡功能的影响

钟嘉敏,黄兆欣,李龙雪,曲彤彤,刘  壮,付一峰,肖晓飞   

  1. 滨州医学院康复医学院,山东省烟台市  264003
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-24 接受日期:2022-03-10 出版日期:2023-03-18 发布日期:2022-07-28
  • 通讯作者: 肖晓飞,博士,副教授,滨州医学院康复医学院,山东省烟台市 264003
  • 作者简介:钟嘉敏,女,1997年生,广东省汕头市人,汉族,滨州医学院在读硕士,主要从事视力障碍人群姿势控制、运动康复相关研究。
  • 基金资助:
    山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2018LA011),项目负责人:肖晓飞;山东省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202110440132),项目负责人:李龙雪

Effects of visual factors on balance function in young adults

Zhong Jiamin, Huang Zhaoxin, Li Longxue, Qu Tongtong, Liu Zhuang, Fu Yifeng, Xiao Xiaofei   

  1. School of Rehabilitation Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2022-01-24 Accepted:2022-03-10 Online:2023-03-18 Published:2022-07-28
  • Contact: Xiao Xiaofei, MD, Associate professor, School of Rehabilitation Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Zhong Jiamin, Master candidate, School of Rehabilitation Medicine of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, No. ZR2018LA011 (to XXF); The Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students in Shandong Province, No. S202110440132 (to LLX)

摘要:

文题释义:
视力障碍:当眼部疾病影响到视觉系统的一种或多种视觉功能时,则出现视力障碍(又称视力损伤),这将对日常生活和社会参与产生影响。根据《国际功能、残疾和健康分类》第11版中WHO盲及视力损害的新标准,视力障碍分为轻度、中度、重度视力损伤,盲及近视力损伤。视力较好的眼睛的日常生活视力<6/12即为轻度视力障碍。
平衡:包括静态及动态平衡,它是身体维持某种姿态或在运动或受到外力作用时,自动调整以维持姿势稳定性的一种能力。平衡调节过程复杂而精细,神经中枢整合来自视觉、本体感觉及前庭系统的信息,激活人体相应肌群参与产生适应性反应。

背景:视觉是维持平衡的主要感觉系统,大约50%的青年视力障碍人士存在跌倒风险。国内的报道更多关注视力障碍人群数量的流行病学调查,忽视了视力障碍者的平衡能力表现及控制策略,尤其是对影响因素的研究。
目的:分析不同视觉因素(视力损伤程度:全盲、部分视力损伤、正常视力;视觉状态:睁、闭眼)对青年平衡能力的影响。 
方法:招募43名青年,根据视力情况将其分为3组:全盲组(n=12)、部分视力损伤组(n=9)和正常视力组(n=22),进行单脚站立测试(睁、闭眼)及功能性前伸测试(视力正常组:睁眼及闭眼;部分视力损伤及全盲组:日常状态)。组间各测量参数采用单因素方差分析,组内采用配对样本t检验比较不同视觉状态间的差异。 
结果与结论:①单脚站立测试中,正常视力组睁眼时压力中心移动总轨迹长度显著少于全盲与部分视力损伤组(P < 0.05),闭眼时组间差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);损伤程度及视觉状态对视力障碍青年的静态平衡没有显著影响(P > 0.05);②功能性前伸测试中,正常视力组睁眼前伸距离显著大于闭眼(P < 0.05),闭眼显著小于全盲(P < 0.05);③提示视力损伤显著降低了青年的静态平衡,视力状态显著影响视力正常青年的姿势稳定性,视力损伤程度对视力障碍青年静态和动态平衡的影响均不显著;视障青年视觉反馈的不足可以通过非视觉因素代偿。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2326-5493(钟嘉敏)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 视力障碍, 平衡能力, 单脚站立, 功能性前伸, 压力中心

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Vision is the primary sensory system to maintain balance. Approximately 50% of visually impaired youth have an increased risk of falling. Chinese reports focus more on the epidemiological survey of the number of people with visual impairment, but ignore balance performance and control strategies in such people, especially the study of influencing factors.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of visual factors (degree of visual impairment: blind, partially sighted and normal vision group; vision condition: eyes open and eyes closed conditions) on balance function of young adults. 
METHODS: Forty-three young adults were recruited and divided into three groups: blind (n=12), partially sighted (n=9) and normal vision group (n=22), and then underwent the following tests: one-leg stance test (eyes open and eyes closed conditions) and functional reach test (normal vision group: eyes open and closed conditions; partially sighted or blind groups: daily state). Measurement parameters between groups were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance. Paired sample t-tests were used to compare differences between different vision conditions within groups.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the one-leg stance test, the center of pressure trajectory length in the normal vision group with eyes open was significantly shorter than that in the blind and partially sighted groups (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the groups when the eyes were closed (P > 0.05). Degree of injury and visual status had no significant effect on the static balance of visually impaired youth (P > 0.05). In the functional reach test, the reaching distance with eyes open was significantly greater than that with eyes closed in the normal vision group (P < 0.05) and the distance with eyes closed was significantly less than that of the blind group (P < 0.05). To conclude, visual impairment dramatically reduces the static balance of young adults, and vision conditions remarkably affect postural stability of the sighted youth, while the degree of visual impairment has no significant effect on static and dynamic balance of visually impaired youth. The lack of visual feedback can be compensated by non-visual factors in visually impaired youth.

Key words: visual impairment, balance, one-leg stance, functional reach, center of pressure

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