Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2013, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (10): 1876-1883.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.10.026

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Neural stem cell transplantation for treatment of focal cerebral ischemia injury in rats

Qu Yi1, 2, Sun Zheng-wei1, Yang Dong-bo1, Jiang Chuan-lu1   

  1. 1 Department of Neurosurgery, Second Clinical Medical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China
    2 Branch Hospital of Brain Surgery, the First Hospital of Qiqihar City, Harbin 161005, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Received:2012-11-06 Revised:2013-02-02 Online:2013-03-05 Published:2013-03-05
  • Contact: Yang Dong-bo, Doctor, Associate chief physician, Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, Department of Neurosurgery, Second Clinical Medical College of Harbin Medical University, Haerbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China Ydb2112053@yahoo.com
  • About author:Qu Yi★, Studying for master’s degree, Attending physician, Department of Neurosurgery, Second Clinical Medical College of Harbin Medical University, Haerbin 150086, Heilongjiang Province, China qili99310@yahoo.com.cn

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: In recent years, neural stem cell transplantation for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and central nervous system injury has become the research focus.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the research progress of directed differentiation regulation mechanism of neural stem cells and neural stem cell transplantation for the treatment of focal cerebral ischemia injury.
METHODS: The PubMed database and CNKI database were searched for the related articles from 2005 to 2012 with the key words “neural stem cells, stem cell transplantation, ischemic brain injury” in English and Chinese. The articles on the directed differentiation regulation mechanism of neural stem cells and neural stem cell transplantation for the treatment of focal cerebral ischemia injury were selected, and the repetitive articles were eliminated.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The in vitro isolated and cultured neural stem cells included embryo-derived stem cells, umbilical cord blood-derived stem cells and adult-derived stem cells, and the stem cells were mainly isolated with mechanical separation and trypsin digestion methods. At present, the makers used to identify the in vitro cultured neural stem cells included nestin, vimentin 1, 5-bromodeoxyuridine and neuron-specific enolase. The differentiation of the neural stem cells could be achieved through the positive and negative regulation, and the negative regulation could increase the number of neural stem cells through symmetry splitting, including the Notch signaling pathway and other growth factors, while the positive regulation could induce the differentiation of neural stem cells, such as the bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathways involved in cell synthesis. The best time to neural stem cell transplantation was 2-3 weeks after brain ischemia, and it was not suitable for cell survival when transplanted too early and too late. Neural stem cell transplantation through brain stereotaxic instrument had positive effect on the treatment of focal cerebral ischemia injury. The neural stem cells could long-term survive in the ventricle and infarct center of rats with focal cerebral ischemia and the cells could migrate widely. Motion behavior scores were significantly increased after neural stem cell transplantation. The neural stem cell transplantation for the treatment of ischemic stroke still need to be searched, but the neural stem cell transplantation had wide clinical application prospects in the future which is considered as the new hope for the patients with ischemic stroke.

Key words: stem cells, stem cell review, neural stem cells, stem cell transplantation, ischemic brain injury, cell culture, mechanical separation, trypsin digestion, nestin, vimentin, 5-bromodeoxyuridine, neuron-specific enolase, intracerebral transplantation, stereotaxis transplantation

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