Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2014, Vol. 18 ›› Issue (32): 5230-5236.

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Mesenchymal stem cells therapy assists liver transplantation: aspects and prospects

Xiang Jun-xi1, 2, Zheng Xing-long1, 2, Dong Ding-hui1, 2, Kang Xiao-hong1, 2, Li Jian-hui2, 3, Lv Yi1, 2, 4   

  1. 1Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China; 2Research Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China; 3Department of Surgical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China; 4Research Center of Regenerative Medicine and Surgical Engineering in Shaanxi Province, Xi’an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China
  • Online:2014-08-06 Published:2014-09-18
  • Supported by:

    Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education, Ministry of Education of China, No. 20110201130009; the International Cooperation Project for Science and Technology Research and Development of Shaanxi Province, No. 2012KW-39-01

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Marginal donor liver transplantation, auxiliary liver transplantation and partial liver transplantation that are developed due to the shortage of liver donors are still associated with an elevated risk of postoperative liver failure and increased mortality. In addition, postoperative immune related complications have become the bottleneck of restricting the development of liver transplantation. Mesenchymal stem cells based therapy is a potential innovation to solve these problems for its strong ability of regeneration, multi-lineage differentiation and immune regulation.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize and discuss the aspects and prospects of mesenchymal stem cells therapy assisting liver transplantation.
METHODS: Literature search was performed in PubMed, ScienceDirect, OvidSP, CNKI databases for relevant literatures published from 2000 to 2014. The key words are “mesenchymal stem cells, mesenchymal stromal cells, liver transplantation, immunosuppression, liver regeneration” in Chinese and English. Then, 74 papers were further analyzed and reviewed in line with the theme.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Mesenchymal stem cells have become a hotspot in cell therapy research due to their wide range of sources, strong regeneration and differentiation potential, and immunomodulatory effects. Mesenchymal stem cells have been tried to extend the lifespan of transplanted liver, to decrease the immunosuppressor use, and to improve the outcomes of recipients. Abundant experimental studies, preclinical researches and clinical trials have demonstrated the promising application of mesenchymal stem cells in liver transplantation. However, there are still many problems to be further studied in order to ensure the safety and effectiveness of mesenchymal stem cells before widely used in the patients.

Key words: mesenchymal stem cells, liver transplantation, immune tolerance, liver regeneration

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