Ectopic bone formation in adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell-seeded osteoinductive calcium phosphate scaffolds

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.29.001

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The phenomenon of osteoinduction by biomaterials has been proven in animal experiments.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the ability of a biomaterial to initiate bone formation in ectopic implantation sites improves the performance of osteoinductive biomaterial as a scaffold for tissue-engineered bone.
METHODS: We compared ectopic bone formation by combining autologous adipose-derived stromal cells with an osteoinductive and a nonosteoinductive biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic to create a tissue engineering construction in the muscle of dogs. All implants were implanted in the back muscle of 10 adult dogs for 8 weeks and 12 weeks, including osteoinductive biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic+ adipose-derived stromal cells (osteoinductive complex group), osteoinductive biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic (osteoinductive broup), nonosteoinductive biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic+adipose-derived stromal cells (nonosteoinductive complex group), and nonosteoinductive biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic (nonosteoinductive group). Micro-CT analysis and histomorphometry were performed to evaluate and quantify ectopic bone formation.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Ectopic bone formation was visible in the osteoinductive complex group and osteoinductive group, and the former group was superior to the latter one in quality of new bone (P < 0.05). However, there was no ectopic bone formation in the other two groups. Micro-CT results were consistent with the histomorphological detection. These findings indicate that osteoinductive biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic, as a kind of bone tissue engineering scaffold material, has a better osteogenic capacity, while adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells serve as seed cells to promote the ectopic bone formation.

Key words: biomaterials, tissue-engineered bone materials, bone tissue engineering, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells, osteoinductive biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic, ectopic bone formation, Micro-CT

CLC Number:

R318

Yao Jin-feng, Zhang Xiao-wei, Zhou Qi, Zheng Cang-shang, Liang Zhi-gang, Bao Chong-yun. Ectopic bone formation in adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell-seeded osteoinductive calcium phosphate scaffolds[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2013, 17(29): 5261-5268.

Figures/Tables 5

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