Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (23): 3616-3620.doi: 10.12307/2023.527

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Measurement and analysis of gingival biotype in maxillary anterior teeth using cone-beam computed tomography

Wang Wenli1, 2, Luo Lankun2, Fu Yating3, Chu Cheng3, Ma Xiao1, Liu Hua2   

  1. 1Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; 2Department of Periodontics & Oral Mucosa, Urumqi Stomatology Hospital, Urumqi 830002, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; 3Department of Radiology, Urumqi Stomatology Hospital, Urumqi 830002, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2022-08-04 Accepted:2022-09-06 Online:2023-08-18 Published:2023-01-14
  • Contact: Liu Hua, Master, Chief physician, Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, Department of Periodontics & Oral Mucosa, Urumqi Stomatology Hospital, Urumqi 830002, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Wang Wenli, Master candidate, Physician, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi 832000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; Department of Periodontics & Oral Mucosa, Urumqi Stomatology Hospital, Urumqi 830002, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Autonomous Region (General Program), No. 2021D01A46 (to LH); the Tianshan Youth Program of Xinjiang Autonomous Region, No. 2018Q130 (to LH)

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Abstract: BACKGROUND: At present, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) cannot clearly portray the outline of gingival soft tissue, which is not only easily susceptible to interference from lip tissue and metal restoration artifacts and has poor repeatability, but also is not conducive to accurately measure soft tissue and classify gingival biotypes.
OBJECTIVE: To access the feasibility of using CBCT in conjunction with novel radiocontrast agent to develop gingival morphology in a stable and convenient manner, as well as the reliability of classifying gingival biotypes.
METHODS: Totally 180 maxillary anterior teeth from 30 healthy volunteers were collected and the gingival thickness 2 mm below the gingival margin and the width of keratinized gingiva were measured directly. The composition of light-cure gingival barrier resin and iohexol injection was applied to the measurement area. Then the positioning wire was set up and CBCT imaging was used to assess the width of keratinized gingiva and gingiva thickness at 2 mm below the gingival margin.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In comparison to the direct measurement method, the approach of CBCT in conjunction with the novel radiocontrast agent demonstrated good reproducibility (P > 0.05) and reliability (ICC > 0.9), when measuring the gingival thickness and the width of keratinized gingiva on the labial side. The concordance of two approaches to classify gingival biotypes which was examined using the Kappa concordance test showed good consistency (Kappa=0.882). There were no significant statistical differences between the two approaches (P > 0.05). Overall, CBCT combined with the radiocontrast agent can clearly develop the gingival outline, which shows good feasibility and reliability.

Key words: cone-beam computed tomography, radiocontrast, gingival biotype, gingival thickness, width of keratinized gingiva, imaging, maxillary anterior tooth

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