Effect of electroacupuncture on the expression of N-cadherin, E-cadherin and P-cadherin in the facial neurons after facial nerve injury

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0845

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Preliminary studies have found that peripheral facial nerve injury can cause changes in the expression of adhesion molecules in neurons, but the mechanism of electroacupuncture in the treatment of facial nerve injury is unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture on the morphological changes of the facial neurons and the expression of N-cadherin, E-cadherin and P-cadherin in the neurons after peripheral facial nerve injury.
METHODS: New Zealand white rabbits were randomized into control group (n=4), model group (n=24) and electroacupuncture group (n=24). Rabbits in the latter two groups were used to establish the crush injury model of superior buccal branch of the right facial nerve, and the electroacupuncture group rabbits were given the electroacupuncture at Jiache (ST6), Dicang (ST4), Yifeng (SJ17), Quanliao (SI18), Sibai (ST2) and Yangbai (GB14) with dilatational wave (18-20 Hz, 1.5 V), and needle-embedding at Hegu (LI4) without electroacupuncture, 30 minutes, once daily.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In situ hybridization results suggested that E-cadherin mRNA and P-cadherin mRNA were negative in all groups, and N-cadherin mRNA was not expressed in the control group. The expression of N-cadherin mRNA was positive in the electroacupuncture and model groups after facial nerve injury. The number of N-cadherin mRNA positive cells in the electroacupuncture group was significantly higher than that in the model group (P < 0.05). Immunohistochemical staining results found that the expressions of N-cadherin, E-cadherin and P-cadherin were positive in the control group; the expression levels of the three cadherins decreased at 1 day after injury (except N-cadherin in the electroacupuncture group); the expression levels of N-cadherin and P-cadherin in the electroacupuncture group were higher than those in the model group at 1, 4 and 14 days after injury (P < 0.05); the expression levels of E-cadherin in the electroacupuncture group was significantly higher than that in the model group (except the first day) (P < 0.05). Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that in the model group, there was facial nerve neuron degeneration followed by similar neuronal death, and the neuron morphology began to recover at 21 days after injury. Neuron morphological changes in the electroacupuncture group were less than those in the model group, and neurons began to recover at 14 days after injury. The neurons in the two groups were restored at 28 days after injury. Our findings reveal that facial nerve injury can induce the expression of adhesion molecules, and electroacupuncture can reduce the degeneration of facial neurons and promote the recovery of neurons, which may be achieved by increasing the expression of adhesion molecules in the facial neurons.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程

Key words: Facial Nerve, Electroacupuncture, Cadherins, In Situ Hybridization, Immunochemistry, Tissue Engineering

CLC Number:

R318

Gong Li-qiong, Cai Hong, Fei Jing, Li Lei-ji. Effect of electroacupuncture on the expression of N-cadherin, E-cadherin and P-cadherin in the facial neurons after facial nerve injury[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2018, 22(28): 4525-4531.

Figures/Tables 3

2.1 实验动物数量分析实验中52只兔无脱落，均进入结果分析。 2.2 大体观察损伤后1 d时：2组动物术区肿胀明显，少量进食，面瘫表现与损伤后苏醒后无明显差别；损伤后4 d时：2组动物进食有所增加，可见饮水外漏表现，2组无明显差别；损伤后7 d时：2组动物术区肿胀消退明显，进食量与损伤前基本一致，但2组动物面瘫症状仍无明显改变；损伤后14 d时：2组术区肿胀消退，可见右侧颊肌萎缩、流涎、口角歪斜，而电针组颊肌萎缩程度较面神经损伤组轻；损伤后21 d时：电针组口角歪斜较前好转，而面神经损伤组无明显改变；损伤后28 d时：电针组出现胡须拂动，口角歪斜较前改善，而面神经损伤组无胡须拂动面瘫症状改善表现。 2.3 右侧面神经核中面神经元形态正常对照组兔面神经元呈多角形，胞浆呈淡红色，胞核居中、淡染，核仁染色明显(图1)。损伤后1 d时：神经元形态未见明显改变；损伤后4 d时：面神经损伤组可见神经元胞体出现明显皱缩的细胞变性改变，电针组神经元胞体皱缩不明显；损伤后7 d时：面神经损伤组肿胀变性神经元增多，电针组细胞也出现肿胀变性改变，但肿胀变性的神经元数目较面神经损伤组少；损伤后14 d时：面神经损伤组神经元胞体较小，出现核仁偏位、消失等似神经元死亡改变，电针组个别神经元出现核仁偏位表现；损伤后21 d时：两组神经元开始修复，电针组神经元形态恢复表现较面神经损伤组明显，在电针组已有明显核仁回归中位，尼氏小体再现情况，而面神经损伤组不明显；损伤后28 d时：两组神经元形态基本恢复，但电针组已无变性神经元的存在，面神经损伤组虽出现核仁回归，尼氏小体重现，但变性神经元仍存在(图2)。"

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