Modeling and biological effects of radiation-induced xerostomia

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.32.014

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: There is little information available in the mechanism of radiation-induced salivary gland injury, and its treatment and prevention are still at the exploratory stage.
OBJECTIVE: To establish a rat model of radiation-induced xerostomia with 18 Gy electron beam and to observe the pathological changes of the submandibular gland and changes in saliva ingredients.
METHODS: Totally 115 Wistar rats were randomly divided into exposure and control groups: the rats in the exposure group were subjected to anesthesia, and the submandibular gland received 18 Gy electron beam radiation to establish the model of radiation-induced xerostomia. The rats in the control group were only anesthetized but not exposed to radiation. The water intake was recorded at 21 dys after modeling. The saliva was collected and the submandibular gland was removed at 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days to detect the saliva volume and submandibular gland index, and the morphological changes of the submandibular gland were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 1-21 days after modeling, the average daily water intake was (6.42±1.91) mL in the exposure group and (4.82±1.20) mL in the control group, respectively (P < 0.05). During 42 days after modeling, the saliva secretion volume in the exposure group was lower than that in the control group, which was the lowest on day 7, and the difference was significant at 7, 21, 28 and 42 days after modeling between two groups (P < 0.05). The submandibular gland index in the exposure group was significantly lower than that in the control group at 1 and 21-42 days after modeling (P < 0.05). Hematoxylin-eosin staining results showed that in the exposure group, the rat submandibular gland appeared with inflammatory infiltration, glandular atrophy and karyopyknosis that were aggravated with time until day 42. To conclude, the rat model of radiation-induced xerostomia is established successfully with 18 Gy beam, characterized as increased water intake, decreased saliva volume and progressive aggravation of pathological injury of the submandibular gland.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程

Key words: Xerostomia, Radioactivity, Models, Animal, Submandibular Gland, Tissue Engineering

CLC Number:

R318

Li Bi-xia1, Chen Qian-yi1, Dai Zhen-hui2, Ye Jing-yun1, Wang Wen-jing1, Chen Shan1, Zhang Jia-peng1, Chen Pei-yi1. Modeling and biological effects of radiation-induced xerostomia[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2017, 21(32): 5164-5169.

Figures/Tables 3

2.1 实验动物数量分析纳入大鼠115只，随机分为2组，照射组59只，假照射组56只。全部进入结果分析，无脱失。 2.2 两组1-21 d的饮水量比较照射组大鼠饮水量明显高于假照射组，见图1。照射组大鼠由于放射导致口干，从而增加了饮水量，照射组饮水量(6.42±1.91) mL与假照射组饮水量(4.82±1.20) mL相比，经两独立样本t 检验，差异有显著性意义(t=3.268，P=0.002 < 0.05)。 2.3 两组唾液量比较假照射组唾液量增加，到21 d后恒定不再增加；而照射组唾液量先降低后上升，唾液量一直低于假照射组，且两组唾液量差异从14 d后开始逐渐增大，见图2。在放射后42 d内照射组唾液量均少于假照射组，其中照射组大鼠照射后第7天，唾液量降至最低，2组7，21，28，42 d比较差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)，见表1。提示照射组大鼠唾液腺受照射影响，唾液分泌功能降低，唾液量明显减少，放射性口干症模型建立成功。 2.4 两组颌下腺指数比较照射组颌下腺指数均小于假照射组，3，7，14 d比较有差别但差异无显著性意义，但1，21，28，35，42 d比较差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)，见表2。 2.5 唾液成分分析 2组唾液成分比较，3，7 d钠离子比较差异有显著性意义，28 d钾离子差异有显著性意义，35 d淀粉酶的差异有显著性意义，其他时间2组差异无显著性意义，见表3。 2.6 两组颌下腺苏木精-伊红染色对比根据苏木精-伊红切片图信息将1-14 d划分为照射前期，21-42 d为照射后期。图3清晰显示，颌下腺主要以浆液细胞为主，可见黏液细胞、纹管细胞、血管等。照射组颌下腺组织发生较大的病理变化，照射前期颌下腺间质水肿、炎性浸润较严重，轻微腺泡细胞萎缩、核固缩；而照射后期腺泡细胞发生明显萎缩，核固缩严重。损伤程度呈进行性加重，放射后42 d损伤最为严重，可见腺体被间质结缔组织分割成小叶，腺体周围可见有明显的炎性细胞浸润，腺体明显发生萎缩，腺细胞核可见有固缩，间质明显增宽，间质血管充血明显。"

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