Manufacturing of nano-modified polycaprolactone microspheres and its biological effects in dental pulp cells

doi:10.12307/2022.199

Abstract

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Polycaprolactone based scaffolds have potential in dental pulp regeneration since its good thermal stability, excellent biocompatibility and tunable degradation rate. However, its hydrophilicity and bioactivity are poor.
OBJECTIVE: To prepare microspheres with polycaprolactone-polydopamine-nano-hydroxyapatite (PCL-PDA-nHA), and explore its physical properties and the effects on the proliferation and mineralization of dental pulp cells.
METHODS: The PCL microspheres were prepared by double emulsification method. The hydrophilicity and crystallinity were improved by the surface modification of dopamine and the PCL-PDA particles were obtained. Nano-hydroxyapatite coating was formed in situ on the surface of PCL-PDA microspheres by simulating body fluids (reaction 7-day group and reaction 14-day group) to obtain PCL-PDA-nHA microspheres. The physical and chemical properties of each group of microspheres were detected by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and protein adsorption experiment. Hemolysis test, coagulation factor activation test and platelet agglutination test were used to test the hemocompatibility of each group of microspheres. Four groups of microspheres were co-cultured with human dental pulp cells. Cell proliferation was detected by CCK-8 assay. The mineralization induction ability of the microspheres was analyzed using alkaline phosphatase, alizarin red and sirius red staining.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Scanning electron microscopy showed that the four groups of microspheres were uniform and porous structure, and there was no significant difference in the diameter of microspheres; the porosity was 87.4% with pore diameter ranging from 20 μm to 50 μm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that polydopamine and hydroxyapatite particles were successfully decorated on the microsphere surface. Protein adsorption experiment showed that the functional microspheres could enhance the adsorption of serum albumin. (2) Hemolysis experiment showed that the hemolysis rate of microspheres was below 1%, without obvious hemolysis. The coagulation factor activation experiment showed that each group of modified polycaprolactone microspheres had little effect on blood coagulation. Scanning electron microscopy showed that there was no obvious platelet aggregation on the surface of each group of microspheres. (3) CCK-8 assay demonstrated that cell proliferation on the surface of each group of modified microspheres was faster than that of PCL microspheres. (4) Alkaline phosphatase, alizarin red and sirius red staining exhibited that the mineralization induction ability of each group of modified microspheres was stronger than that of PCL microspheres, and the mineralization induction ability of PCL-PDA-nHA-14 day microspheres and PCL-PDA-nHA-7 day microspheres was stronger than that of PCL-PDA microspheres. (5) The results suggested that PCL-PDA-nHA nanospheres had good hemocompatibility, and could promote the proliferation and mineralization of human dental pulp cells.

Key words: material, polydopamine, polycaprolactone, hydroxyapatite, porous materials, dental pulp tissue engineering, scaffold material, human pulp cells, cell proliferation, mineralization

CLC Number:

Li Xuan, Sun Yimin, Li Longbiao, Wang Zhenming, Yang Jing, Wang Chenglin, Ye Ling. Manufacturing of nano-modified polycaprolactone microspheres and its biological effects in dental pulp cells[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2022, 26(10): 1530-1536.

Figures/Tables 7

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