Graphene oxide loaded with doxorubicin: a killer for multiple myeloma cells

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.38.002

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Cytotoxicity of graphene oxide to normal cells is relatively low, but whether graphene oxide loaded with doxorubicin has some effects on malignant cells is rarely reported.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the cytotoxicity of graphene oxide loaded with doxorubicin on multiple myeloma cells.
METHODS: Multiple myeloma cell line RPMI8226 in logarithmic phase was selected, cultured and divided into four groups, including graphene oxide loaded with doxorubicin, doxorubicin and graphene oxide groups as well as control group with no intervention. After 24 hours of culture, the cell activity was detected by cell counting kit-8 method, and the cell cycle and apoptosis were detected using flow cytometry.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Plump-shaped cells with translucent and clear cytoplasm were found in the control group; cells with relatively translucent cytoplasm, and even a few shrunken cells appeared in the graphene oxide group; cellular morphology was in a heterogeneity, apoptotic bodies appeared in the doxorubicin group; the cells was significantly reduced in size, presenting more obvious shrinkage and apoptotic bodies in the group of graphene oxide loaded with doxorubicin. The cell survival rate in the graphene oxide loaded with doxorubicin, doxorubicin and graphene oxide groups was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05), and this indicator was significantly lower in the group of graphene oxide loaded with doxorubicin than the graphene oxide group (P < 0.05). The apoptotic rate in the group of graphene oxide loaded with doxorubicin and doxorubicin group was significantly higher than those in the graphene oxide and control groups (P < 0.05), respectively. Additionally, there were no significant differences in the cell cycle among groups. These results show that graphene oxide loaded with doxorubicin has a stronger cytotoxicity, and can induce apoptosis in human multiple myeloma cells.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程

Key words: Doxorubicin, Multiple Myeloma, Tissue Engineering

CLC Number:

R318

Xing Li-na, Zhang Xue-jun, Wang Ying, Niu Zhi-yun, Wang Fu-xu, Wen Shu-peng.

Graphene oxide loaded with doxorubicin: a killer for multiple myeloma cells

[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2016, 20(38): 5636-5641.

Figures/Tables 2

2.2 不同对多发性骨髓瘤细胞活性的影响氧化石墨烯负载多柔比星组、氧化石墨烯组、多柔比星组、对照组的细胞存活率分别为(64.3±6.5)%、(85.3±0.9)%、(74.5±1.3)%、100%。 4组细胞存活率比较差异有显著性意义(F=11.583，P < 0.05)，两两之间比较发现：氧化石墨烯负载多柔比星组、多柔比星组、氧化石墨烯组的细胞存活率均低于对照组(P < 0.05)，氧化石墨烯负载多柔比星组细胞存活率明显低于氧化石墨烯组(P < 0.05)，氧化石墨烯负载多柔比星组的细胞存活率虽低于多肉比星组，但差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。结果表明，氧化石墨烯对多发性骨髓瘤细胞具有毒性作用，但细胞存活率在80%以上，其毒性作用较低；多柔比星对多发性骨髓瘤细胞的毒性作用较大，氧化石墨烯对多柔比星的毒性作用没有太大影响。 2.3 不同材料对多发性骨髓瘤细胞周期的影响氧化石墨烯负载多柔比星组、多柔比星组和氧化石墨烯组细胞周期G0/G1、S和G2/M之间比较差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。两两之间比较：石墨烯负载多柔比星组细胞周期G0/G1、S和G2/M与多柔比星组、氧化石墨烯组、对照组比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)，氧化石墨烯组细胞周期G0/G1、S和G2/M和对照组、多柔比星组比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)，见表1。表明氧化石墨烯负载多柔比星、多柔比星和氧化石墨烯均不影响多发性骨髓瘤细胞的细胞周期。 2.4 不同材料对多发性骨髓瘤细胞凋亡的影响氧化石墨烯负载多柔比星组、氧化石墨烯组、多柔比星组、对照组的细胞凋亡率分别为(15.4±0.8)%、(5.4±1.2)%、(14.5±2.1)%、(5.6±0.9)%。 4组细胞凋亡率比较差异有显著性意义(F=9.584， P < 0.05)。两两之间比较发现：氧化石墨烯组与对照组细胞凋亡率比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)，氧化石墨烯负载多柔比星组和多柔比星组细胞凋亡率比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)，氧化石墨烯负载多柔比星组、多柔比星组细胞凋亡率高于氧化石墨烯组、对照组(P < 0.05)。表明氧化石墨烯不引起多发性骨髓瘤细胞的凋亡，多柔比星可诱导多发性骨髓瘤细胞凋亡，氧化石墨烯不影响多柔比星对多发性骨髓瘤细胞的凋亡作用。"

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