Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (29): 4731-4736.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2790
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Cao Jiangang, Chen Desheng
Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300221, China
Received:
2020-02-10
Revised:
2020-02-15
Accepted:
2020-03-18
Online:
2020-10-18
Published:
2020-09-15
About author:
Cao Jiangang, MD candidate, Associate chief physician, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300221, China
Supported by:
the Funded Project of Wu Jieping
CLC Number:
Cao Jiangang, Chen Desheng. Synovial macrophages in osteoarthritis: roles and features[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2020, 24(29): 4731-4736.
骨关节炎是最常见的关节病变,其可发生于几乎所有动关节,是一种累及关节软骨、软骨下骨、滑膜、韧带、关节囊及关节周围肌肉的复杂病症[1-3]。作为一种常见的致残性疾病,随着全球人口老龄化和肥胖率以及关节损伤个体数量的增加,在世界范围内估计,目前约有2.5亿人受骨关节炎影响,这不仅给患病个体带来巨大的生活障碍,给卫生保健系统带来新的挑战,还给社会带来了沉重的经济负担[4-5]。在老化、肥胖、性别、遗传、创伤等致病因素作用下,关节组织的损伤与修复之间的动态平衡被打破,致使软骨腐蚀缺损、骨赘形成、软骨下骨硬化、滑膜的肥厚增生,在临床上最初表现为关节的疼痛、肿胀、活动受限,最终导致整个关节的畸形和功能丧失,见图1[3,6-7]。最新的骨关节炎治疗理念强调以患者为中心,对其加强健康教育,使其在自我管理的基础上适当的锻炼和减肥,在这些温和治疗手段无效时再采取手术治疗[4]。预防、延缓进展和改善病情一直是各类骨关节炎研究的主要目的,然而至今尚无有效的治疗措施[8]。 "
2.1.1 组织学研究 早在1991年ATHANASOU等[30]就对4例接受髋关节置换骨关节炎患者的关节滑膜组织抗原表位进行了分析,发现滑内膜细胞和内膜下细胞表达多种巨噬细胞抗体(CD11b,CD14,CD16,CD68)。这些抗原表位均是静息状态下组织巨噬细胞所表达的,不能反映滑膜中巨噬细胞的活化状态。此后,相继又有多个研究对骨关节炎患者滑膜巨噬细胞进行了分析,HAYWOOD等[32] (2003年)、BENITO等[33](2005年)、BONDESON等[34] (2006年)均发现与正常滑膜组织相比骨关节炎患者滑膜组织中巨噬细胞数量明显增多,类似的结果在小动物骨关节炎模型中亦得到证实,见图3[24,29,31]。上述研究均表明滑膜巨噬细胞在骨关节炎患者滑膜炎中发挥重要作用,但均未对不同极化状态的巨噬细胞进行标记分析。 "
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