Achyranthes bidentata alcohol extract inhibits extracellular matrix degradation of the cartilage by regulating synovial fibroblast exosomes

doi:10.12307/2021.032

Abstract

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Achyranthes bidentata can inhibit extracellular matrix degradation of the cartilage and promote the repair of articular chondrocytes. Exosomes widely exist in the synovial fluid of the knee joint and carry a large number of cytokines to play specific biological functions and regulate matrix metalloproteinase. Achyranthes bidentata is speculated to play a role in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis through exosomes
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether Achyranthes bidentata alcohol extract can regulate exosomes of synovial fibroblasts to inhibit extracellular matrix degradation of the cartilage.
METHODS: Synovial fibroblasts were cultured and treated with PBS, 100 mg/L Achyranthes bidentata alcohol extract or 10 mmol/L glucosamine. Exosomes were extracted from the cell supernatant, and labeled as EXOs-PBS, EXOs-Achyranthes bidentata, and EXOs-glucosamine. Rabbit models of knee osteoarthritis were constructed, and EXOs-PBS (blank control group), EXOs-Achyranthes bidentata (experimental group), and EXOs-glucosamine (positive control group) were injected into the articular cavity of the rabbit models, respectively, once a week for 5 consecutive weeks. The joint mobility was measured before and after treatment. Degree of improvement of joint adhesion was calculated. Synovial fluid of the knee joint was extracted to detect matrix metalloproteinases 1, 3, and 9 using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Articular cartilage matrix was extracted to detect cartilage matrix glycosaminoglycan content using DMB staining kit.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The exosomes of synovial fibroblasts were successfully extracted, and the improvement of joint adhesion in the experimental group was (74.60±8.05)%, which was significantly higher than that in the blank control group [(54.00 ±6.96)%, P < 0.05). The levels of matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 3 in the knee joint fluid of model rabbits in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the blank control group (P < 0.05). The content of glycosaminoglycan in articular cartilage matrix of model rabbits in the experimental group was (330.83±26.71) mg/L, which was significantly higher than that in the blank control group [(258.21±41.76) mg/L, P < 0.05). The above results of the experimental group were basically the same as those of the positive control group (P > 0.05). Achyranthes bidentata alcohol extract can treat exosomes of synovial fibroblasts, alleviate knee joint mobility of knee osteoarthritis rabbits, reduce the levels of matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 3 in synovial fluid of the knee joint, inhibit the degradation of extracellular matrix and protect the articular cartilage.

Key words: Achyranthes bidentata, osteoarthritis, synovium, exosomes, rabbit, model

CLC Number:

Gao Kun, Chen Dayu, Zhang Yong, Liu Weidong, Sun Shufen, Lai Wenqiang, Ma Dujun, Wu Yihong, Lin Zhanpeng, Jiang Yinglu, Yu Weiji. Achyranthes bidentata alcohol extract inhibits extracellular matrix degradation of the cartilage by regulating synovial fibroblast exosomes[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2021, 25(23): 3636-3640.

Figures/Tables 4

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