Early vascularization of calcined antler cancellous bone in repairing bone defects

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0865

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Calcinated antler cancellous bone (CACB) was successfully prepared in the early stage, and was confirmed that it could significantly promote bone defect repair.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the early neovascularization of CACB in a bone defect model.

METHODS: CACB was prepared by defatted and deproteinized process and combined with calcination after removal of the cortical bone. The surface morphology and phase composition of CACB granules were evaluated by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction spectrum (XRD). Mouse osteoblasts MC3T3-E1 were cultured with CACB for 1 day to assess the cellular affinity by SEM. Models of critical bone defects were prepared on the bilateral mandibles of 16 New Zealand rabbits. CACB was implanted into the defects on the one side, and Bio-Oss^® was implanted into the defects on the other side. Nothing was implanted into the defects as blank control. All the rabbit mandibles after 4 and 8 weeks post-surgery were subjected to tissue processing and sectioning. Hematoxylin-eosin, Masson’s trichrome staining and CD31 immunohistochemical method were performed separately on consecutive tissue sections to observe the vascularization and osteogenesis.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) SEM images showed that CACB exhibited a well-interconnected porous structure and was present as regularly prismatic crystals of hydroxyapatite. The XRD spectrograph revealed that the characteristic peaks of CACB corresponded to the peaks of calcinated human cancellous bone, indicating that the hydroxyapatite phase with good crystallinity is the same as that of human bone. (2) The cellular experiment findings showed that CACB could be conducive for attachment and spreading of MC3T3-E1 cells integrated with hydroxyapatite closely. (3) At 4 weeks post-implantation, hematoxylin-eosin staining results showed a lot of newly formed small blood vessels at the periphery of the scaffold of CACB and Bio-Oss^®. Masson and CD31 immunohistochemical staining results showed the newly formed collagen fibers and blood vessels around the bone filling materials. Moreover, the ability of vascularization of CACB was more effective than that of Bio-Oss^®. (4) At 8 weeks post-implantation, hematoxylin-eosin staining results showed there was a large number of newly formed bones in the bone defects and the remaining scaffold was surrounded by newly formed bones. To conclude, our findings reveal that CACB possesses good vascularization during the bone defect repair, which may have a potentially positive effect on promoting osteogenesis.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程

Key words: Bone Regeneration, Osteogenesis, Tissue Engineering

CLC Number:

R318

Peng Hui, Zhang Xue-hui. Early vascularization of calcined antler cancellous bone in repairing bone defects[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2018, 22(18): 2807-2812.

Figures/Tables 7

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