Establishment and comprehensive evaluation of animal models of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0399

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Establishing a simple, feasible and high-efficient animal model of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head (SANFH) is the main method to study SANFH.
OBJECTIVE: To establish the animal models of SANFH, and to investigate the pathology, imaging, bone/serum biochemistry and hemorheology.
METHODS: Twenty rabbits were randomly divided into two groups. The rabbits were subjected to injection of 10 mL/kg horse serum via the ear vein twice, with 14 days in between; at 14 days after the final venous injection, the gluteal muscle was injected with 8 mg/kg prednisolone acetate, once daily for 6 consecutive days, so as to establish the model of SANFH (experimental group). The remaining rabbits were injected with the same volume of normal saline (control group). At 8 weeks after modeling, X-ray and MRI examinations of the femoral head were performed. At 10 weeks after modeling, the bone/serum biochemistry, hemorheology, and histological observation of the femoral head were conducted.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: X-ray: in the control group, the cortical bone was thick and the trabecular bone was clear. In the experimental group, the joint space became narrow, the cortical bone became thinner, the bone density decreased significantly, and the trabecular bone was severely in disorder. MRI examination showed that there was no necrotic femoral head in the control group, and the typical bilinear sign was observed in the experimental group. Bone biochemistry: the contents of hexosamine, calcium/hydroxyproline, hexose/hydroxyproline, and calcium in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Serum biochemistry: the calcium-phosphorus product, cholesterol, and calcium levels in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05), and the triacylglycerol level was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Hemorheology: the whole blood hyperviscosity, low shear viscosity, plasma viscosity and hematocrit in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Histological observation: in the experimental group, there were numerous necrotic osteocytes in the trabecular bone, and the non-necrotic bone cells were swollen; the nucleus was severely deformed and edge-polymerized due to the compression, and the phenomenon of nuclear fragmentation, dissolution, and emptying were observed. The number of multinucleated osteoclasts was significantly increased, and hematopoietic stem cells were significantly reduced. While, the control group exhibited no such phenomena. These results indicate that an ideal animal model of SANFH can be established successfully by the combination of horse serum and high doses of prednisolone acetate, and X-ray examination, MRI qualitative analysis, bone/serum biochemistry as well as hemorheology are ancillary diagnostic tools for SANFH.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程

Key words: Femur Head Necrosis, Glucocorticoids, Hemorheology, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Tissue Engineering

CLC Number:

R318

Tong Peng1, Wang Yang2, Liang Ying3. Establishment and comprehensive evaluation of animal models of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2018, 22(32): 5169-5174.

Figures/Tables 1

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