Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2010, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (40): 7453-7457.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.40.010

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Effects of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell transplantation on cognitive ability and hippocampus ultrastructure in Alzheimer’s disease rats

He Wei1, Bo Hai2, Mu Xin-hong2, Zhang Ling3, Li Hai-sheng2　   

  1. 1 Affiliated Hospital, 2 Basic Department, 3 Departmeat of Preventive Medicine, Medical College of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Tianjin  300162, China
  • Online:2010-10-01 Published:2010-10-01
  • Contact: Li Hai-sheng, Doctor, Associate professor, Basic Department, Medical College of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300162, China lihaisheng65@yahoo.com.cn
  • About author:He Wei★, Master, Lecturer, Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300162, China shinehwbx@163.com
  • Supported by:

    the Application and Basic Research Project of Tianjin City, No. 07JCYBJC08200*

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Abstract:

BACKGROUND: There is no effective method to treat Alzheimer’s disease, due to unclear onset mechanism. In clinic, drug therapy is commonly used, but replacement therapy of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) remains in basic research stage. There is no report concerning effects of BMSC transplantation in the hippocampus on cognitive ability of Alzheimer’s disease.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of BMSC transplantation on cognitive ability and hippocampus ultrastructure in Alzheimer’s disease rats.
METHODS: A total of 30 senile male Wistar rats with Alzheimer’s disease were chosen to prepare models of natural senescence Alzheimer’s disease. Following model establishment, the rats were assigned to three groups. Bilateral hippocampi were selected as transplantation region. In the differentiation and transplantation group, rats received injection of neuronal induced BMSCs 4 μL (2×105 cells). In the BMSC transplantation group, rats received an equal volume of human BMSCs. In the model group, rats were injected bilaterally with physiological saline into the hippocampus. The learning and memory ability of the rats were detected by Y type maze test. The hippocampus ultrastructure was observed with transmission electron microscopy.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The learning and memory scores significantly decreased in model group (P < 0.01), increased in BMSC transplantation group (P > 0.05), and significantly increased in the differentiation and transplantation group (P < 0.01). On week 12, compared with model group, the learning and memory scores were significantly higher in BMSC transplantation group and differentiation and transplantation group (P < 0.01). With the electron microscopy, hippocampus neurons were obviously injured in model group, but the majority of neurons were injured mildly in BMSC transplantation group, which the majority of them were almost normal in differentiation and transplantation group. These indicated that BMSC transplantation may improve the cognitive ability of Alzheimer’s disease rats, and neuronal induced BMSC transplantation is superior to undifferentiated BMSCs. Lowering hippocampus neuronal necrosis may be one of mechanisms that BMSCs improve cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease rats.

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