Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (29): 4721-4727.doi: 10.12307/2021.175

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Reopening the fused suture provides a new idea for maxillary expansion

Zhang Mingjin, Zhou Yanheng, Liu Dawei   

  1. Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2020-10-26 Revised:2020-10-29 Accepted:2020-12-12 Online:2021-10-18 Published:2021-07-22
  • Contact: Zhou Yanheng, MD, Professor, Chief physician, Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China Liu Dawei, MD, Associate professor, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
  • About author:Zhang Mingjin, Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Programs), No. 6207023221 (to ZYH) and 81970909 (to LDW); the New Clinical Technology and Therapy Project of Peking University School of Stomatology, No. PKUSSNCT-20A07 (to LDW)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Maxillary transverse deficiency is a common malocclusion deformity encountered in clinical practice. Rapid maxillary expansion assisted with implant anchorage provides a new possibility for maxillary expansion in adults.
OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress in the mechanism of maxillary expansion, providing ideas for bone remodeling between palatal sutures, obtaining the expansion volume and stability that meet the clinical needs.
METHODS: We searched for relevant articles published from January 2010 to September 2020 in WanFang, CNKI, PubMed, and Web of Science with the keywords of “maxillary expansion, craniofacial suture, suture growth, mechanical force, bone remodeling, immunity cells, mesenchymal stem cells, craniosynostosis” in Chinese and English respectively. Finally, 69 articles met the criteria for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Maxillary expansion exerts mechanical force on the palatal suture by different clinical means to expand bone sutures and widen the constricted maxillary. This process not only requires the participation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, but also involves the proliferation, differentiation and regulation of mesenchymal stem cells as well as immune cells. Under the action of mechanical force, a variety of cells interact with each other via cytokines, to complete bone remodeling through different signaling pathways. Referring to advances in the treatment of craniosynostosis, it provides a new idea for maxillary expansion by inhibiting the closure of bone suture at the end of growth and development, or reopening the fused suture.


Key words: maxillary expansion, suture, osteoclasts, osteoblasts, mesenchymal stem cells, immune cells, bone remodeling, growth and development

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