Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (26): 4198-4203.doi: 10.12307/2021.121

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MicroRNA-21 — an important regulator of bone regeneration and various bone diseases

Peng Hongcheng1, Hua Zhen2, Wang Jianwei2   

  1. 1Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Wuxi Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi 214071, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2020-05-15 Revised:2020-05-19 Accepted:2020-07-11 Online:2021-09-18 Published:2021-05-12
  • Contact: Wang Jianwei, MD, Chief physician, Wuxi Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi 214071, Jiangsu Province, China E-mail:wangjianwei1963@126.com
  • About author:Peng Hongcheng, Master candidate, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Program), No. 81873320 (to WJW); the Scientific Research Project of Wuxi Municipal Health and Family Planning Commission, No. Q201708 (to HZ); Youth Innovation Support Plan of Wuxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 2017B001 (to HZ)

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: As a non-coding RNA processed by primary transcription, microRNA-21 (miR-21) plays an important role in biological functions such as growth and development, cancer diagnosis and treatment, immune response, osteogenic differentiation and bone regeneration.

OBJECTIVE: To review the cellular targets of miR-21 in bone, the molecular mechanisms that regulate bone regeneration, and the role of miR-21 in bone disease.
METHODS: With the keywords of “mir-21, bone, osteogenic differentiation of osteoclast differentiation, skeletal muscle, bone regeneration” in English and “miR-21, bone, skeletal muscle, bone regeneration” in Chinese, PubMed, CNKI, and WanFang databases were retrieved by the first author for articles regarding miR-21 published from 2000 to April 2020. Finally 50 articles were retained for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In recent years, miR-21 has not only been deeply studied as an oncogene, but also received extensive attention in the proliferation, differentiation, metabolism and other aspects of bone cells. Specifically, miR-21 can mediate the growth and development of skeletal muscle by regulating the expression of transforming growth factor β induced gene and other genes. MiR-21 can promote the osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by targeting specific signaling pathways and related gene expression. It can also regulate the positive feedback of osteoclast differentiation through c-Fos/tumor suppressor gene programmed death factor 4, and promote the formation of osteoclasts induced by RANKL. It also regulates the differentiation of dendritic cells and indirectly regulates the expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1α and vascular endothelial growth, which mediates the angiogenesis of stem cells. In addition, miR-21 is closely associated with osteoporosis, osteosarcoma, multiple myeloma, knee osteoarthritis and ankylosing spondylitis.

Key words: bone, miR-21, bone regeneration, skeletal muscle, gene, cellular target, review

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