中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (32): 8555-8562.doi: 10.12307/2026.452

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

面向再生医学的4D生物打印:智能材料调控与组织再生新策略

廖美希1,汪振星2,卢莉莉1   

  1. 1武汉科技大学医学部,湖北省武汉市   430065;2华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院整形外科,湖北省武汉市   430022
  • 接受日期:2026-01-29 出版日期:2026-11-18 发布日期:2026-04-29
  • 通讯作者: 卢莉莉,博士,教授,武汉科技大学医学部,湖北省武汉市 430065
  • 作者简介:廖美希,女,2005年生,湖北省武汉市人,汉族,本科在读。

4D bioprinting for regenerative medicine: a new strategy for intelligent material regulation and tissue regeneration

Liao Meixi1, Wang Zhenxing2, Lu Lili1   

  1. 1Department of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei Province, China; 2Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
  • Accepted:2026-01-29 Online:2026-11-18 Published:2026-04-29
  • Contact: Lu Lili, PhD, Professor, Department of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei Province, China
  • About author:Liao Meixi, Department of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, Hubei Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
4D生物打印:是结合3D生物打印与智能材料的技术,能够根据外部环境刺激(如温度、湿度、pH值等)使打印出的结构发生自我形变或功能变化。4D生物打印在3D生物打印的基础上引入“时间”维度,能够在体内或外部环境的变化下自动调整,在组织工程和医疗器械方面具有重要应用价值。 
再生医学:再生医学通过细胞治疗、组织工程等技术修复或替代受损组织和器官,旨在恢复其生物功能。该领域重点在于利用细胞、人工支架等促进组织自我修复,或通过打印技术生成新的生物组织,展现出巨大的临床应用前景。

背景:4D打印可实现结构与功能的动态调控,使构建体更贴近复杂生理环境,推动组织工程与再生医学向智能化与个性化方向发展。
目的:综述4D打印在组织工程和再生领域的作用及应用进展。
方法:从中国知网、万方、PubMed与Web of Science数据库中检索和筛选1994-2025年发表的相关文献,英文检索词为“4D printing,regenerative medicine,tissue engineering,wound healing,biological ink,intelligent materials”,中文检索词为“4D打印,再生医学,组织工程,创伤修复,生物墨水,智能材料”,根据入选标准,最终纳入115篇文献进行系统归纳与分析。
结果与结论:4D生物打印是组织工程和再生医学领域的一项关键进展,它能够整合多种制造方法和多种生物材料,创造随时间动态响应环境刺激的结构。4D生物打印技术增强了自然组织特征的模拟,提供了定制化响应并提高了与生物系统的整合性。4D生物打印能够应用于开发组织和器官,同时可创建智能植入物和先进的药物递送系统,最终应用于组织的修复。4D生物打印可以无缝适应人体的生理复杂性,应用于个性化医疗,在变化环境下显著提高治疗效果。

https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4892-5787 (廖美希) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料;口腔生物材料;纳米材料;缓释材料;材料相容性;组织工程


关键词: 4D生物打印, 再生医学, 组织工程, 创伤修复, 生物墨水, 智能材料

Abstract: BACKGROUND: 4D printing enables dynamic control of structure and function, allowing constructs to more closely mimic complex physiological environments and driving the development of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine towards intelligence and personalization.
OBJECTIVE: To review the role and application advances of 4D printing in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
METHODS: Relevant literature published between 1994 and 2025 was retrieved from CNKI, WanFang, PubMed, and Web of Science. Chinese and English terms were “4D printing, regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, wound healing, biological ink, intelligent materials.” A total of 115 articles were systematically reviewed and analyzed. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 4D bioprinting represents a key advance in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, integrating diverse fabrication methods and biomaterials to create structures that dynamically respond to environmental cues. 4D bioprinting enhances the biomimicry of natural tissues, enables customized responsiveness, and improves integration with biological systems. 4D bioprinting facilitates the development of tissues and organs, as well as intelligent implants and advanced drug delivery systems, thereby supporting tissue repair. By adapting seamlessly to physiological complexity, 4D bioprinting contributes to personalized medicine and significantly improves therapeutic outcomes under dynamic conditions.


Key words: 4D bioprinting, regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, wound healing, bioink, smart materials

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