中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (27): 7037-7043.doi: 10.12307/2026.866

• 骨与关节生物力学Bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

退行性腰椎滑脱老年患者的脊柱-骨盆矢状面参数和足底压力特征

韩子甲1,2,何晓辰2,王佳荣2,田艺超2,王李欣1,龚树辉2   

  1. 1河北医科大学研究生学院,河北省石家庄市  050011;2河北省人民医院康复医学科,河北省石家庄市  050057
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-15 接受日期:2026-01-23 出版日期:2026-09-28 发布日期:2026-04-17
  • 通讯作者: 龚树辉,硕士,硕士生导师,河北省人民医院康复医学科,河北省石家庄市 050057
  • 作者简介:韩子甲,男,2000年生,河北省邢台市人,汉族,河北医科大学在读硕士。
  • 基金资助:
    政府资助临床医学优秀人才培养项目(201913),项目负责人:龚树辉

Spinal-pelvic sagittal parameters and plantar pressure characteristics in elderly patients with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis

Han Zijia1, 2, He Xiaochen2, Wang Jiarong2, Tian Yichao2, Wang Lixin1, Gong Shuhui2   

  1. 1Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China; 2Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050057, Hebei Province, China
  • Received:2025-10-15 Accepted:2026-01-23 Online:2026-09-28 Published:2026-04-17
  • Contact: Gong Shuhui, MS, Master’s supervisor, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050057, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Han Zijia, MS candidate, Graduate School, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050057, Hebei Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Government-Funded Program for Cultivating Outstanding Talents in Clinical Medicine, No. 201913 (to GSH) 

摘要:

文题释义:

脊柱-骨盆矢状面参数:是评估人体矢状面平衡的关键指标,在康复医学、生物力学和姿势评估中具有核心地位。这些参数通过X射线片(通常是站立位全脊柱侧位片)测量,共同描述脊柱曲度、骨盆朝向及脊柱-骨盆整体对齐关系。
人体压力中心:是人体足底与支撑面(如地面、测力台)之间相互作用的合力矢量的作用点。它代表了整个足底区域所承受的垂直反作用力在水平面上的投影中心点。压力中心不是一个固定的点,它会随着姿势的微小调整、肌肉活动等持续不断地移动。

摘要
背景:退行性腰椎滑脱是老年人常见的脊柱退变疾病,常伴随脊柱-骨盆矢状面失衡,其足底压力及平衡功能特征尚未充分阐明。
目的:探讨退行性腰椎滑脱老年人群的脊柱-骨盆矢状面参数和足底压力特征,为促进老年人退行性腰椎滑脱的早期诊断及制定康复计划提供参考。
方法:纳入33例退行性腰椎滑脱患者(滑脱组)和35例健康老年人(对照组),拍摄全脊柱侧位X射线片并测量脊柱-骨盆矢状面参数,并使用足底压力系统采集足压力占比、8个区域压强峰值及压力中心轨迹参数。对比分析两组受试者脊柱-骨盆矢状面参数、压力中心轨迹及足底压力参数的差异。
结果与结论:①与对照组相比,滑脱组的骨盆入射角、骨盆倾斜角、骶骨倾斜角、腰椎前凸角均显著增大(P < 0.05);②与对照组相比,滑脱组左前足、前足压力占比显著增加(P < 0.05),左后足及后足压力占比显著降低(P < 0.05);③与对照组相比,滑脱组左侧第1跖骨压强峰值显著升高(P < 0.05),右侧第5跖骨及左侧足弓压强峰值显著降低(P < 0.05);④与对照组相比,睁眼/闭眼状态下,滑脱组压力中心轨迹长度、95%置信椭圆面积及压力中心平均X/Y轴移动距离均显著增加(P < 0.05);⑤提示退行性腰椎滑脱老年人表现出特征性的脊柱-骨盆矢状面参数改变(骨盆入射角、骨盆倾斜角、骶骨倾斜角、腰椎前凸角增大),足底压力分布呈现前移趋势(前足压力增加,后足压力减少),同时足部力学对称性和“三角支撑结构”失平衡,这些改变伴随着压力中心稳定性的下降,反映出患者的平衡功能受损。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 退行性腰椎滑脱, 老年人, 脊柱-骨盆矢状面参数, 足底压力, 平衡功能, 压力中心

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis is a common spinal degenerative disorder among older adults, often accompanied by spinopelvic sagittal imbalance. The characteristics of plantar pressure and balance function in these patients have not been fully elucidated.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the spinopelvic sagittal parameters and plantar pressure characteristics in older adults with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis, to provide a reference for early diagnosis and the development of rehabilitation plans in older adults with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis.
METHODS: A total of 33 patients with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis group) and 35 healthy older adults (control group) were enrolled. Lateral radiographs of the whole spine were obtained to measure spinopelvic sagittal parameters. Plantar pressure distribution, including the pressure ratio, peak pressure in eight regions of interest, and center of pressure trajectory parameters, was collected using a plantar pressure analysis system. The differences in spinal-pelvic sagittal parameters, center of pressure trajectory, and plantar pressure parameters between the two groups were compared and analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Compared with the control group, the degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis group showed significant increases in pelvic incidence, pelvic tilt, sacral slope, and lumbar lordosis (P < 0.05). (2) Compared with the control group, the degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis group exhibited a significant increase in the pressure percentage under the left forefoot and the forefoot overall (P < 0.05), while the pressure percentage under the left hindfoot and the hindfoot overall decreased significantly (P < 0.05). (3) Compared with the control group, peak pressure under the left first metatarsal bone was significantly higher in the degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis group (P < 0.05), whereas peak pressure under the right fifth metatarsal and the left medial arch was significantly lower (P < 0.05). (4) Compared with the control group, under eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions, the degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis group demonstrated a significant increase in center of pressure trajectory length, 95% confidence ellipse area, and the average center of pressure displacement in the anteroposterior (X) and mediolateral (Y) directions (P < 0.05). (5) It is indicated that older adults with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis exhibit characteristic changes in spinopelvic sagittal alignment, notably increased pelvic incidence, pelvic tilt, sacral slope, and lumbar lordosis. Their plantar pressure distribution shifts anteriorly, with increased forefoot pressure and decreased hindfoot pressure, indicating an imbalance in foot mechanical symmetry and disruption of the normal tripod support structure. These alterations are accompanied by reduced center of pressure stability, reflecting impaired balance function in degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis patients.

Key words: degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis, elderly population, spinal-pelvic sagittal parameters, plantar pressure, balance function, center of pressure

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