中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 414-423.doi: 10.12307/2025.890

• 材料生物相容性 material biocompatibility • 上一篇    下一篇

具有抗凝和释药双重功能的双硒聚氨酯涂层

赵  铮   

  1. 上海瑛泰医疗器械股份有限公司,上海市   201803
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-29 接受日期:2024-09-26 出版日期:2026-01-18 发布日期:2025-06-19
  • 作者简介:赵铮,男,1994年生,河南省商丘市人,汉族,博士,主要从事生物医用材料及医疗器械方面研究。

Diselenium contained polyurethane coatings with dual functions of anticoagulation and drug release

Zhao Zheng   

  1. Zhao Zheng, PhD, Shanghai Yingtai Medical Equipment Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201803, China
  • Received:2024-07-29 Accepted:2024-09-26 Online:2026-01-18 Published:2025-06-19
  • About author:Zhao Zheng, PhD, Shanghai Yingtai Medical Equipment Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201803, China

摘要:

文题释义:
双硒:硒(Se)元素是一种非金属元素,也是人体中重要的微量元素。由2个硒原子构成的双硒键是组成物质结构的一种特殊单元,由于双硒键存在氧化还原敏感性,因而在人体中具有一定的生物反应活性,并提供一定的抗凝作用。
聚氨酯涂层:聚氨酯是一类常见的聚合物,可对多种医疗器械进行表面改性修饰,起到防腐、耐磨、生物学改性等作用。该文中提到的聚氨酯涂层主要指冠状动脉药物洗脱支架表面涂层,达到支架表面生物功能化的目的。

背景:药物洗脱支架的表面抗凝改性一直是该领域的技术难题,虽然研究者尝试开发了一些抗凝聚合物药物涂层,但由于难以协调药物释放功能导致应用失败。
目的:设计具有抗凝和释药双重功能的双硒聚氨酯涂层,表征涂层的抗凝性能与药物释放性能。
方法:采用溶液聚合法合成了3种不同单体配比(双硒化合物与聚乙二醇的摩尔比分别为0.33∶0.67,0.50∶0.50,0.67∶0.33)双硒聚氨酯,表征双硒聚氨酯的溶解性、结晶度、热性能、细胞相容性与血液相容性。采用滴涂法制备西罗莫司-双硒聚氨酯涂层,表征涂层的表面形貌、湿润性、体外抗凝性能与药物释放性能。
结果与结论:①3种不同单体配比的双硒聚氨酯均可溶于四氢呋喃、二氯甲烷和氯仿等常见的低沸溶剂,可通过喷涂或是浸涂的方法制备在器械表面;3种不同单体配比的双硒聚氨酯在20 ℃及以上呈非晶态,均具有良好的热稳定性;3种不同单体配比的双硒聚氨酯均具有良好的细胞相容性与血液相容性;②扫描电镜下可见西罗莫司-双硒聚氨酯涂层表面光滑,无明显的孔隙、裂缝和相分离;西罗莫司-双硒聚氨酯涂层呈现出疏水特征,随着聚乙二醇含量的增加,涂层的水接触角有所下降;西罗莫司-双硒聚氨酯涂层具有良好的附着力;与传统聚乳酸涂层相比,西罗莫司-双硒聚氨酯涂层的长期抗凝性能更优,能够催化血液中一氧化氮分子的产生,抑制血小板的活化,并且随着硒含量的增加,涂层抑制血小板活化的能力升高;西罗莫司从含硒聚氨酯涂层中的释放呈现先快后慢的趋势,但药物暴释不明显,随着聚乙二醇含量的增加,涂层中的药物释放速率有所加快;③结果表明,在聚氨酯共聚物主链上设计双硒单元并在聚合物中构建可调亲疏水单元,可实现药物涂层的抗凝和药物释放双重功能。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5141-708X (赵铮)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料;口腔生物材料;纳米材料;缓释材料;材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 生物材料, 药物洗脱支架, 双硒键, 聚氨酯, 一氧化氮, 抗凝涂层, 药物释放, 双重功能, 工程化血管材料

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Surface anticoagulant modification of drug-eluting stents is a technical difficulty. Researchers have tried to develop some anticoagulant polymer coatings, but the application failed due to uncontrolled drug release.
OBJECTIVE: To design a diselenium contained polyurethane coatings with dual functions of anticoagulation and drug release, and to characterize the anticoagulation and drug release properties of the coating.
METHODS: Diselenium contained polyurethane with three different monomer ratios (the molar ratios of diselenyl compounds to polyethylene glycol were 0.33:0.67, 0.50:0.50, and 0.67:0.33, respectively) was synthesized by solution polymerization, and the solubility, crystallinity, thermal properties, cell compatibility, and blood compatibility of the diselenium contained polyurethane were characterized. Sirolimus-diselenium contained polyurethane coatings were prepared by drop coating, and the surface morphology, wettability, in vitro anticoagulant properties, and drug release properties of the coatings were characterized.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The three diselenium contained polyurethanes with different monomer ratios were all soluble in common low-boiling solvents such as tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane and chloroform, and could be prepared on the surface of the device by spraying or dipping; the three diselenium contained polyurethanes with different monomer ratios were amorphous at 20 ℃ and above, and had good thermal stability; the three diselenium contained polyurethanes with different monomer ratios had good cell compatibility and blood compatibility. (2) Scanning electron microscopy showed that the surface of the sirolimus-diselenium contained polyurethane coating was smooth, without obvious pores, cracks and phase separation. The sirolimus-diselenium contained polyurethane coating exhibited hydrophobic characteristics, and the water contact angle of the coating decreased with the increase of polyethylene glycol content. The sirolimus-diselenium contained polyurethane coating had good adhesion. Compared with traditional polylactic acid coatings, the anticoagulant properties of the sirolimus-diselenium contained polyurethane coating were better. It had better long-term anticoagulant performance and could catalyze the production of nitric oxide molecules in the blood and inhibit platelet activation. With the increase of selenium content, the ability of the coating to inhibit platelet activation increased. The release of sirolimus from the selenium-containing polyurethane coating showed a trend of first fast and then slow, but the drug burst release was not obvious. With the increase of polyethylene glycol content, the drug release rate in the coating was accelerated. (3) The results show that designing a diselenide unit on the main chain of the polyurethane copolymer and constructing an adjustable hydrophilic and hydrophobic unit in the polymer can realize the dual functions of anticoagulation and drug release of the drug coating.


Key words: biomaterial, drug eluting stent, diselenium bond, polyurethane, nitric oxide, anticoagulant coating, drug release, dual function, engineered vascular material

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