中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (30): 6509-6519.doi: 10.12307/2025.951

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

免疫微环境与骨衰老的相互作用及治疗策略

王建旭1,董恣豪1,黄子帅1,李思颖2,杨  光1   

  1. 1山东第一医科大学附属省立医院骨关节科,山东省济南市  250021;2山东第一医科大学附属中心医院代谢与疾病研究中心,山东省济南市  250013
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-23 接受日期:2024-12-10 出版日期:2025-10-28 发布日期:2025-03-28
  • 通讯作者: 杨光,副主任医师,硕士生导师,山东第一医科大学附属省立医院骨关节科,山东省济南市 250021
  • 作者简介:王建旭,男,1998年生,山东省济南市人,汉族,山东第一医科大学在读硕士,主要从事骨科学研究。

Interaction between immune microenvironment and bone aging and treatment strategies

Wang Jianxu1, Dong Zihao1, Huang Zishuai1, Li Siying2, Yang Guang1   

  1. 1Department of Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong Province, China; 2Metabolism and Disease Research Center, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250013, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2024-10-23 Accepted:2024-12-10 Online:2025-10-28 Published:2025-03-28
  • Contact: Yang Guang, Associate chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Department of Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Wang Jianxu, Master candidate, Department of Joint Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong Province, China

摘要:


文题释义:
衰老相关分泌表型:是指衰老细胞出现的分泌功能增强,其分泌的多种细胞因子在体内发挥重要调节作用。在不同刺激引起的细胞衰老模型中,衰老相关分泌表型普遍存在且种类繁多,主要包含生长因子、趋化因子、促炎细胞因子、胞外蛋白酶和不可溶蛋白等。
免疫衰老:是指随着年龄的增长,人体免疫系统功能逐渐下降,导致机体对外界环境和疾病的防御能力降低,易于发生感染和疾病。免疫衰老主要表现为免疫细胞的数量和功能减弱、抗体产生能力下降、免疫记忆能力减退。

背景:骨骼微环境中富含各种免疫细胞和细胞因子,它们与骨细胞紧密联系形成了相互影响的网络,因此,骨骼的衰老不单单是由骨细胞衰老导致,免疫系统衰老同样会加速骨衰老过程。
目的:综述骨髓间充质干细胞、成骨细胞和破骨细胞以及骨微环境中免疫细胞的年龄相关变化,强调免疫微环境在骨衰老中的关键作用以及免疫治疗在骨衰老治疗中的潜力。
方法:检索PubMed数据库、中国知网中关于骨骼细胞衰老与免疫细胞衰老相互作用的文献,英文检索词为“Osteocytes,Bone aging,Immune microenvironment,Immune cells,Cytokines,Immunosenescence, Immunotherapy”,中文检索词为“骨细胞,骨衰老,免疫微环境,免疫细胞,细胞因子,免疫衰老,免疫治疗”。 根据纳入与排除标准,最终纳入128篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:骨衰老是老年人普遍存在的一种病理状态,以多种生物学过程相互作用为特征,其中免疫因素起着关键作用。免疫微环境中的细胞、分子和信号通路共同构成了一个复杂的网络,这个网络的失衡会加速骨衰老进程。抗细胞衰老与免疫治疗相结合可能为骨衰老疾病的治疗带来新的方法,包括清除衰老的细胞、衰老相关分泌表型靶向药物、炎症细胞因子靶向治疗、免疫细胞调节疗法、干细胞治疗及分子治疗等。为了更有效且合理地清除衰老细胞,需要更深入地了解衰老细胞的机制,这将有助于更准确地识别衰老细胞。免疫治疗在骨衰老治疗中展现出强大的潜力和前途,但存在一些潜在的风险。相信随着科技的进步,人们可以更准确地了解人体的遗传信息和免疫状态,制定更个性化的免疫治疗方案。

关键词: 骨细胞, 骨衰老, 免疫微环境, 免疫细胞, 细胞因子, 免疫衰老, 免疫治疗, 工程化组织构建

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Bone microenvironment is also rich in various immune cells and cytokines, which are closely related to bone cells and form an interactive network. Therefore, bone aging is not only caused by the senescence of osteocytes, but also accelerated by age-related changes in the immune system.
OBJECTIVE: To review the age-related changes of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and immune cells in the bone microenvironment, emphasize the key role of the immune microenvironment in bone aging, and the potential of immunotherapy in the treatment of bone aging.
METHODS: We searched PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure for articles on the interaction between bone cell senescence and immune cell senescence using “osteocytes, bone aging, immune microenvironment, immune cells, cytokines, immunosenescence, immunotherapy” as Chinese and English search terms. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 128 articles were finally included in the review. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Bone aging is a common pathological condition in the elderly, characterized by the interaction of multiple biological processes, among which immune factors play a key role. The cells, molecules, and signaling pathways in the immune microenvironment together constitute a complex network, and the imbalance of this network will accelerate the process of bone aging. The combination of anti-cellular aging and immunotherapy may bring new methods for the treatment of bone aging diseases, including the removal of senescent cells, targeted drugs for senescence-related secretory phenotypes, targeted therapy of inflammatory cytokines, immune cell regulation therapy, stem cell therapy, and molecular therapy. To more effectively and reasonably remove senescent cells, a deeper understanding of the mechanism of senescent cells is needed, which will help to identify senescent cells more accurately. Immunotherapy shows great potential and prospects in the treatment of bone aging, but there are some potential risks. It is believed that with the advancement of science and technology, people can more accurately understand the genetic information and immune status of the human body and develop more personalized immunotherapy plans.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

Key words: osteocyte, bone aging, immune microenvironment, immune cell, cytokine, immunosenescence, immunotherapy, engineered tissue construction

中图分类号: