中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (34): 7353-7361.doi: 10.12307/2025.887

• 生物材料基础实验 basic experiments of biomaterials • 上一篇    下一篇

聚苯乙烯微塑料对雄性小鼠前列腺的影响及机制

潘  春1,2,范臻成2,洪润洋2,时语婕2,陈  昊1,2   

  1. 1扬州大学附属医院,江苏省扬州市   225000;2扬州大学医学院-转化医学研究院,江苏省扬州市   225000
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-05 接受日期:2024-09-21 出版日期:2025-12-08 发布日期:2025-01-17
  • 通讯作者: 陈昊,博士,教授,博士生导师,扬州大学附属医院骨科,江苏省扬州市 225000;扬州大学医学院-转化医学研究院,江苏省扬州市 225000
  • 作者简介:潘春,女,1994年生,江苏省扬州市人,汉族,博士,讲师,主要从事微塑料的环境毒理学方面的研究。 范臻成,男,2004年生,江苏省无锡市人,汉族,主要从事环境毒理学方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(32301416),项目负责人:潘春;扬州市绿扬金凤计划项目(YZLVJFJH2022YXBS154), 项目负责人:潘春;国家自然科学基金项目(82172468,82372436),项目负责人:陈昊

Effect and mechanism of polystyrene microplastics on prostate in male mice

Pan Chun1, 2, Fan Zhencheng2, Hong Runyang2, Shi Yujie2, Chen Hao1, 2   

  1. 1Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Yangzhou University School of Medicine-Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou 225000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2024-07-05 Accepted:2024-09-21 Online:2025-12-08 Published:2025-01-17
  • Contact: Chen Hao, PhD, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, Jiangsu Province, China; Yangzhou University School of Medicine-Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou 225000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Pan Chun, PhD, Lecturer, Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, Jiangsu Province, China; Yangzhou University School of Medicine-Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou 225000, Jiangsu Province, China Fan Zhencheng, Yangzhou University School of Medicine-Institute of Translational Medicine, Yangzhou 225000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 32301416 (to PC); Yangzhou Lv Yang Jin Feng Program, No. YZLVJFJH2022YXBS154 (to PC); National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82172468, 82372436 (to CH)

摘要:


文题释义:

微塑料:根据美国国家海洋和大气管理局给出的定义,直径小于5 mm的塑料颗粒、碎片或者纤维称为微塑料。前列腺作为哺乳动物尿道的附属腺体,其分泌的前列腺液作为精浆的主要成分之一,为精子成熟提供营养并促进精液液化,提高精子成活率,但是关于微塑料是否对前列腺组织有毒害作用尚不可知。
前列腺增生:主要包括前列腺间质及腺体大量增殖引起的前列腺组织增大,导致尿道延长和狭窄,严重影响患者的生活质量。目前关于前列腺增生的具体发病机制尚未明确,除与年龄、遗传因素等密切相关外,越来越多的证据表明环境因素可能是引起前列腺增生新的诱因。


背景:微塑料是一种常见的环境污染物,可对胃肠道、肝肾及生殖系统产生损害,但目前微塑料对前列腺的影响尚不明确。

目的:探讨不同电荷修饰聚苯乙烯微塑料对雄性小鼠前列腺组织的影响及机制。
方法:采用随机数字表法将48只雄性BALB/c小鼠随机分为对照组、不修饰微塑料组、负电荷微塑料组、正电荷微塑料组,每组12只。对照组小鼠给予ddH2O灌胃,不修饰微塑料组给予未经修饰的聚苯乙烯微塑料灌胃,负电荷微塑料组、正电荷微塑料组分别给予带负电荷的聚苯乙烯微塑料、带正电荷的聚苯乙烯微塑料灌胃,1次/d,连续灌胃4周。每周检测小鼠体质量、饮水及饮食量变化。灌胃结束后,对比各组小鼠前列腺质量、前列腺系数、前列腺组织病理学形态、炎性因子表达、微塑料在小鼠前列腺组织中的蓄积以及缺氧诱导因子1α、血管内皮生长因子的mRNA与蛋白表达。

结果与结论:①随着微塑料染毒时间的延长,不修饰微塑料组和正电荷微塑料染毒组小鼠体质量受到明显抑制。②微塑料染毒后可进入小鼠泌尿系统,包括前列腺和膀胱组织,其中正电荷微塑料组小鼠前列腺质量及前列腺系数升高最为显著。③与对照组比较,其他3组小鼠前列腺组织中白细胞介素6、白细胞介素1β、肿瘤坏死因子α的质量浓度与mRNA表达均升高(P < 0.05),其中以正电荷微塑料组升高最明显。④苏木精-伊红染色显示,不修饰微塑料组、负电荷微塑料组、正电荷微塑料组小鼠前列腺组织可见明显的前列腺上皮细胞和基质增生、腺泡明显增多及炎性细胞大量浸润。马松和天狼星红染色显示,与对照组比较,其他3组小鼠前列腺组织纤维化明显。免疫组化染色显示,与对照组比较,其他3组小鼠前列腺组织中血管生成均增加(P < 0.05)。⑤与对照组比较,其他3组小鼠前列腺组织中缺氧诱导因子1α、血管内皮生长因子的mRNA与蛋白表达均升高(P < 0.05),其中负电荷微塑料组、正电荷微塑料组升高更显著。⑥结果表明,聚苯乙烯微塑料可促进小鼠前列腺组织中炎症因子的释放,通过激活缺氧诱导因子1α/血管内皮生长因子信号通路促进前列腺组织的血管生成,为前列腺的增生和纤维化提供营养。

https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1317-065X (潘春) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料;口腔生物材料;纳米材料;缓释材料;材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 聚苯乙烯微塑料, 前列腺, 炎症, 纤维化, 增生, 血管生成, 工程化材料

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Microplastics are a common environmental pollutant that can cause damage to the gastrointestinal tract, liver and kidney, and reproductive system. However, little is known about the effects of microplastics on the prostate.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of different charge-modified polystyrene microplastics on prostate tissues of male mice and its mechanism.
METHODS: A total of 48 male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into a control group, an unmodified microplastic group, a negatively charged microplastic group, and a positively charged microplastic group using a random number table, with 12 mice in each group. The mice in the control group were given ddH2O by gavage; the mice in the unmodified microplastic group were given unmodified polystyrene microplastics by gavage, and the mice in the negatively charged microplastic group and the positively charged microplastic group were given negatively charged polystyrene microplastics and positively charged polystyrene microplastics by gavage, respectively, once a day for 4 consecutive weeks. The body weight, drinking water, and food intake of the mice were detected every week. After gavage, the prostate mass, prostate coefficient, prostate histopathological morphology, inflammatory factor expression, microplastic accumulation in the prostate tissue of the mice, and the mRNA and protein expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and vascular endothelial growth factor were compared among the groups of mice.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) With the prolongation of microplastic exposure time, the body weight of mice in the unmodified microplastics group and the positively charged microplastics exposure group was significantly suppressed. (2) After exposure to microplastics, they could enter the urinary system of mice, including prostate and bladder tissue. Among the mice in the positively charged microplastic group, the prostate mass and prostate coefficient increased most significantly. (3) Compared with the control group, the mass concentration and mRNA expression of interleukin 6, interleukin 1β, and tumor necrosis factor α were increased in the prostate tissue of the other three groups of mice (P < 0.05). Among them, the positively charged microplastic group exhibited most obvious increase. (4) Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that the prostate tissue of mice in the unmodified microplastic group, negatively charged microplastic group, and positively charged microplastic group showed obvious proliferation of prostate epithelial cells and matrix, a significant increase in acini, and infiltration of a large number of inflammatory cells. Masson and Sirius red staining showed that compared with the control group, the prostate tissue of mice in the other three groups had obvious fibrosis. Immunohistochemical staining showed that compared with the control group, angiogenesis in the prostate tissue of mice increased in the other three groups (P < 0.05). (5) Compared with the control group, the mRNA and protein expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and vascular endothelial growth factor were increased in the prostate tissue of the other three groups of mice (P < 0.05), among which the negatively charged microplastic group and the positively charged microplastic group exhibited more significant increase. (6) The results show that polystyrene microplastics can enhance the release of inflammatory factors in mouse prostate tissue, promote angiogenesis in prostate tissue by activating the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α/vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway, and provide nutrition support for prostate hyperplasia and fibrosis.

Key words: polystyrene microplastics, prostate, inflammation, fibrosis, hyperplasia, angiogenesis, engineered material

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