中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (12): 2507-2512.doi: 10.12307/2025.390

• 皮肤粘膜组织构建 skin and mucosal tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

邮票异体皮植皮在特重度烧伤Meek皮片移植失败后的应用

田晨阳1,陶  克2,计  鹏1,王耘川1,胡大海1,高晓文1,郑  朝1   

  1. 1空军军医大学第一附属医院烧伤与皮肤外科,陕西省西安市  710000;2温州医科大学附属第一医院创面修复中心与再生医学中心创面修复科,浙江省温州市  325000


  • 收稿日期:2024-03-18 接受日期:2024-05-17 出版日期:2025-04-28 发布日期:2024-09-10
  • 通讯作者: 郑朝,博士,副主任医师,空军军医大学第一附属医院烧伤与皮肤外科,陕西省西安市 710000
  • 作者简介:田晨阳,男,1994年生,山西省运城市人,汉族,2020年山西医科大学毕业,硕士,医师,主要从事烧伤及创面修复方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省一般项目课题(2022SF-044),项目负责人:田晨阳

Application of stamp-shaped skin allograft in extremely severe burns following failure of Meek skin grafting

Tian Chenyang1, Tao Ke2, Ji Peng1, Wang Yunchuan1, Hu Dahai1, Gao Xiaowen1, Zheng Zhao1   

  1. 1Department of Burns and Skin Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an 710000, Shaanxi Province, China; 2Department of Wound Repair, Wound Repair Center and Regenerative Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China
  • Received:2024-03-18 Accepted:2024-05-17 Online:2025-04-28 Published:2024-09-10
  • Contact: Tian Chenyang, Master, Physician, Department of Burns and Skin Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an 710000, Shaanxi Province, China
  • About author:Zheng Zhao, MD, Associate chief physician, Department of Burns and Skin Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an 710000, Shaanxi Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Shaanxi Province General Project, No. 2022SF-044 (to TCY)

摘要:




文题释义:
烧伤:是由于火焰、高温液体及气体、金属化学物、寒冷或辐射等原因导致皮肤完整性的破坏及皮肤黏膜屏障的丧失,具有一系列的并发症,如实质性疼痛、体液丢失增加、局部及全身感染和深部组织干性坏死。对于严重烧伤,较大的创面可迅速导致脱水和休克。
异体皮:主要来源为尸体皮肤。异体生物材料的产品特点包括具有皮肤屏障功能,阻止水分、电解质、蛋白质和热量的丢失和细菌侵入;黏附性与自体皮相同,有促进上皮化的作用,但有时呈现占位现象;异体皮具有抗原性,移植后2周左右被排斥。
邮票异体皮移植:将异体皮修剪为边长不规则邮票皮片,保持间距至少5 mm左右,贴于延迟愈合创面处,已有明显种子皮处不贴异体皮,之后采用凡士林纱布覆盖创面,覆盖无菌纱布,加压包扎,隔日换药。

背景:部分特重度烧伤患者采用Meek皮片移植的术后效果并不能令人满意,出现了延迟愈合或皮片移植失败的问题。对于皮源不足的Meek皮片移植失败患者的治疗研究较少,此次研究探索了一种治疗的新方法。
目的:观察邮票异体皮植皮技术在特重度烧伤Meek皮片移植失败后的疗效。
方法:纳入空军军医大学第一附属医院烧伤科2013年8月至2023年8月收治Meek皮片移植术后愈合不良的23例特重度烧伤患者,根据治疗方式不同分为2组,其中异体皮治疗组10例,换药组13例。对比两组患者二次Meek植皮术前血红蛋白、血小板计数、白蛋白计数、白细胞计数、中性粒细胞,降钙素原及微生物培养阳性率;二次Meek植皮术前、术后皮片成活率;手术次数及脓毒血症发生率;以及术后3,6个月创面瘢痕情况。
结果与结论:①异体皮治疗组的二次Meek植皮术前血红蛋白、血小板计数、白蛋白计数均明显高于换药组(Z=-3.172,P=0.002;Z=
-3.010,P=0.003;Z=-2.761,P=0.006);②两组二次Meek植皮术前白细胞计数、中性粒细胞相比差异无显著性意义(Z=1.148,P=0.251;Z=0.373,P=0.709);但异体皮治疗组二次术前降钙素原计数明显低于换药组(Z=2.955,P=0.002);③换药组烧伤患者二次术前微生物培养阳性率高于异体皮治疗组(χ²=6.303,P=0.029);④异体皮治疗组的二次Meek植皮术前植皮成活率(74.8±13.3)%明显高于换药组(58.4±14.2)%(t=2.85,P=0.01),术后植皮成活率(84.0±11.5)%明显高于换药组(67.6±20.7)%(t=2.24,P=0.03);⑤异体皮治疗组后期手术次数少于换药组(Z=2.27,P=0.02);⑥换药组烧伤患者脓毒血症发生率明显高于异体皮治疗组(χ2=5.490,P=0.03);⑦两组手术后3,6个月瘢痕温哥华瘢痕量表评分相比差异无显著性意义(t=0.960,1.138,P > 0.05);⑧提示邮票状异体皮在治疗Meek微型移植术后皮片愈合不良创面时具有较好的疗效,患者后期皮片利用率明显增高,减少了创面感染的概率,解决了皮源不足的问题。
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2787-0498(田晨阳)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 特重度烧伤, 大面积烧伤, 邮票异体皮植皮术, Meek皮片移植, 延迟愈合

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Postoperative results with Meek skin grafting in some patients with extremely severe burns have not been satisfactory, with problems of delayed healing or skin graft failure. There have been fewer studies on the treatment of patients with failed Meek skin grafting due to insufficient skin source. This study aimed to explore a treatment method for such patients.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the curative effect of stamp-shaped skin allograft in the treatment of severe burns after Meek skin graft failure. 
METHODS: Twenty-three patients with extremely severe burns who were admitted at Department of Burns and Skin Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of the Air Force Medical University from August 2013 to August 2023 with poor healing after Meek skin grafting were enrolled and divided into allogeneic skin treatment group and dressing change group according to different treatment methods. There were 10 cases in the allograft group and 13 cases in the dressing change group. Preoperative hemoglobin, platelet count, albumin count, white blood cell count, neutrophil count, procalcitonin count, and positive rate of microbial culture before secondary Meek skin grafting were compared between two groups. Survival rate of skin grafts before and after the second operation were compared. The number of operations, incidence of sepsis, and wound scars at 3 months and 6 months after operation were retrospectively analyzed. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The preoperative hemoglobin, platelet count and albumin count in the allogeneic skin treatment group were significantly higher than those in the dressing change group (Z=-3.172, P=0.002; Z=-3.010, P=0.003; Z=-2.761, P=0.006). There was no significant difference in the preoperative white blood cell count and neutrophil count between the two groups before secondary Meek skin grafting (Z=1.148, P=0.251; Z=0.373, P=0.709), but the serum procalcitonin count in the allogeneic skin treatment group prior to the second operation was significantly lower than that in the dressing change group (Z=2.955, P=0.002). Burn patients in the dressing change group exhibited a higher microbial culture rate than those in the allogeneic skin treatment group (χ²=6.303, P=0.029). The survival rate of skin grafts before the second operation in the allogeneic skin treatment group [(74.8±13.3)%] was significantly higher than that in the dressing change group [(58.4±14.2)%; t=2.85, P=0.01). The survival rate of skin grafts after the second stage operation in the allogeneic skin treatment group [(84.0±11.5)%] was significantly higher than that in the dressing change group [(67.6±20.7)%; t=2.24, P=0.03). The frequency of postoperative surgery in the allogeneic skin treatment group was less than that in the dressing change group (Z=2.27, P=0.02). The incidence of sepsis in the dressing change group was significantly higher than that in the allogeneic skin treatment group (χ²=5.490, P=0.03). There was no significant difference in the Vancouver Scar Scale scores of the scars between the two groups at 3 and 6 months after operation (t=0.96, 1.138, P > 0.05). To conclude, stamp-shaped skin allograft has good curative effect in the treatment of wounds with poor healing of skin after Meek micro-transplantation. The utilization rate of skin in the later stage is significantly increased, which reduces the probability of wound infection and solves the problem of insufficient skin source. 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

Key words: extremely severe burn, extensive burn, stamp-shaped skin allograft, Meek skin graft, delayed healing

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