中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (6): 1199-1207.doi: 10.12307/2025.318

• 组织构建与生物力学 tissue construction and biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

移植物厚度对角膜内皮失代偿行简易后弹力层角膜内皮移植效果的影响

巴颜红,高明宏,陈颖欣   

  1. 中国人民解放军北部战区总医院,辽宁省沈阳市  110000

  • 收稿日期:2024-03-15 接受日期:2024-04-13 出版日期:2025-02-28 发布日期:2024-06-21
  • 通讯作者: 陈颖欣,博士,博士后,副主任医师,中国人民解放军北部战区总医院,辽宁省沈阳市 110000
  • 作者简介:巴颜红,女,1997年生,辽宁省沈阳市人,汉族,2024年大连医科大学毕业,硕士,医师,主要从事角膜病的研究。

Impact of graft thickness on corneal endothelial decompensation following simple Descemet’s stripping endothelial keratoplasty 

Ba Yanhong, Gao Minghong, Chen Yingxin   

  1. General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2024-03-15 Accepted:2024-04-13 Online:2025-02-28 Published:2024-06-21
  • Contact: Chen Yingxin, MD, Associate chief physician, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China
  • About author:Ba Yanhong, Master, Physician, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang 110000, Liaoning Province, China

摘要:




文题释义:
后弹力层剥离内皮移植术(Descemets stripping endothelial keratoplasty,DSEK):是剥离患者Descemet膜并将其替换为一定厚度基质、Descemet膜和内皮。此项研究采用的简易DSEK术即使用自制塑料滑片将内皮片送入前房,该操作更加简便、手术创口小、术后恢复快,且此滑片为软性材料,对内皮细胞损伤小。
角膜内皮功能失代偿:是一种致盲性眼病,因角膜内皮细胞数量减少或功能异常,无法有效维持角膜透明度和功能,逐渐导致角膜水肿、瘢痕形成,最终失明。其致病因素包括:原发性内皮功能障碍、内眼手术及眼前段激光治疗术后、感染性疾病引起的角膜内皮炎等。

背景:研究表明较薄移植物视力恢复更快、排斥风险更低,国内缺乏对内皮移植术后不同植片厚度的临床疗效分析,因此,确定最佳移植物厚度对于提高手术疗效至关重要。
目的:评价简易后弹力层剥离内皮角膜移植术后不同植片厚度对视力恢复及其他预后指标的影响。
方法:选取2013年1月至2023年2月在北部战区总医院接受简易后弹力层剥离内皮角膜移植手术治疗的角膜内皮失代偿患者共72例(72眼),其中薄植片组(< 100 μm)32例(32眼),厚植片组(≥100 μm)40例(40眼)。随访1年,观察两组术前及术后1,3,6,12个月的最佳矫正视力,术后1年角膜内皮细胞数、角膜植片透明度、术后并发症、植片生存情况。
结果与结论:①两组患者术后视力较术前均有显著提高,薄植片组患者术后3个月最佳矫正视力优于厚植片组(P < 0.05);②两组术后1年角膜内皮细胞数及植片透明度比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);③两组患者继发性青光眼、植片免疫排斥、植片移位等术后并发症发生率比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);④两组术后1年植片生存率比较差异无显著性意义(93.8%,92.3%,P > 0.05);⑤结论:简易后弹力层剥离内皮角膜移植术是一种安全有效的角膜内皮移植手术方式,其术后疗效与传统后弹力层剥离内皮角膜移植术相似,而且植片植入方式更为简便。较薄植片能够更早提供最佳矫正视力,更早完成角膜重塑,因此在治疗角膜内皮失代偿疾病时,优先选择薄移植物来提高恢复时间。

关键词: 后弹力层撕除角膜内皮移植术, 角膜内皮失代偿, 继发性青光眼, 植片移位, 原发移植失败, 植片排斥, 角膜内皮细胞数, 角膜移植

Abstract:
BACKGROUND:
Studies have shown that vision recovery with thinner grafts is faster and the risk of rejection is lower. In China, there is a lack of clinical efficacy analysis of different graft thicknesses after endothelial transplantation. Therefore, determining the optimal graft thickness is crucial for improving surgical efficacy.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of different graft thickness on vision recovery and other prognostic indexes after simple Descemet’s stripping endothelial keratoplasty.
METHODS: A total of 72 patients (72 eyes) with corneal endothelial decompensation who received simple Descemet’s stripping endothelial keratoplasty at the General Hospital of Northern Theater Command from January 2013 to February 2023 were selected. There were 32 cases (32 eyes) in the thin graft group (< 100 μm) and 40 cases (40 eyes) in the thick graft group (≥ 100 μm). The best corrected visual acuity, corneal endothelial cell count, corneal graft transparency, postoperative complications and graft survival were observed in both groups before and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The visual acuity after surgery was significantly improved in both groups, and the best corrected visual acuity 3 months after surgery in the thin graft group was better than that in the thick graft group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the number of corneal endothelial cells and graft transparency between the two groups 1 year after surgery (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications such as secondary glaucoma, graft immune rejection and graft displacement between the two groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in the 1-year survival rate of grafts between the two groups (93.8% vs. 92.3%, P > 0.05). To conclude, simple Descemet’s stripping endothelial keratoplasty is a safe and effective surgical method for corneal endothelial transplantation, and its postoperative efficacy is similar to that of traditional Descemet’s stripping endothelial keratoplasty, and the graft implantation method is simpler. Thinner grafts can provide optimal corrected vision earlier and complete corneal remodeling sooner. Therefore, in the treatment of corneal endothelial decompensation, thinner grafts are preferred to improve recovery time.

Key words: Descemet’s stripping endothelial keratoplasty, corneal endothelial decompensation, secondary glaucoma, graft displacement, primary transplantation failure, graft rejection, corneal endothelial cell count, corneal transplantation

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