中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (10): 1634-1640.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2202

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    

抗菌肽抗菌机制及研究热点

张  溪1,弓  磊2   

  1. 1天津医科大学口腔医院,天津市  300070;2天津医科大学肿瘤医院食管肿瘤科,国家肿瘤临床医学研究中心,天津市“肿瘤防治”重点实验室,天津市恶性肿瘤临床医学研究中心,天津市  300060
  • 收稿日期:2019-04-03 修回日期:2019-04-16 接受日期:2019-08-01 出版日期:2020-04-08 发布日期:2020-02-18
  • 通讯作者: 弓磊,主治医师,天津医科大学肿瘤医院食管肿瘤科,国家肿瘤临床医学研究中心,天津市“肿瘤防治”重点实验室,天津市恶性肿瘤临床医学研究中心,天津市 300060
  • 作者简介:张溪,女,1985年生,天津市人,汉族,2013年日本大学松户齿学部毕业,博士,讲师,主要从事钛表面材料改性和机制研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81501798);国家自然科学基金(81501994);天津市自然科学基金(18JCYBJC95700);天津市肿瘤医院临床试验基金(C1711);吴阶平医学基金会-卓越外科基金(320.2730.1886)

Antimicrobial mechanism of antimicrobial peptide and research progress

Zhang Xi1, Gong Lei2   

  1. 1Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; 2Department of Esophageal Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, National Clinical Medical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Prevention and Treatment, Tianjin Clinical Medical Research Center of Malignant Tumor, Tianjin 300060, China
  • Received:2019-04-03 Revised:2019-04-16 Accepted:2019-08-01 Online:2020-04-08 Published:2020-02-18
  • Contact: Gong Lei, Attending physician, Department of Esophageal Oncology, Tumor Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, National Clinical Medical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Prevention and Treatment, Tianjin Clinical Medical Research Center of Malignant Tumor, Tianjin 300060, China
  • About author:Zhang Xi, MD, Lecturer, Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81501798, No. 81501994; the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin, No. 18JCYBJC95700; Tianjin Cancer Hospital Clinical Trial Fund, No. C1711; Wu Jieping Medical Foundation-Excellent Surgery Foundation, No. 320.2730.1886

摘要:

文题释义:
抗菌肽:是一类具有广谱抗菌性的宿主防御多肽,由所有形式的生命体中的不同组织、细胞中产生,具有广谱抗菌、抗病毒、抗真菌、抗肿瘤、促进机体组织愈合及调节体内免疫系统等活性,其在宿主的天然免疫防御系统中发挥着重要的防御屏障作用。
抗菌肽的抗菌机制:由于抗菌肽在组成成分、结构和功能上存在差异性,因此其具有不同的抗菌机制;而抗菌肽的结构在很大程度上影响了抗菌肽的功能,由此决定了抗菌肽多种功能和作用模式,其中最为让人认可的是膜透化机制和非膜靶向机制。

背景:抗菌肽作为一种可从自然来源提取并用于对抗抗生素耐药细菌的潜在候选物,引起了科学家们的广泛关注,熟悉抗菌肽的抗菌机制有利于将抗菌肽的临床应用。

目的:综述近年来对抗菌肽抗菌机制的研究进展。

方法:由第一作者应用计算机检索PubMed、Springerlink、Web of Science、ScienceDirect等数据库2013年1 月至2019年3月发表的文献,选择与抗菌肽抗菌机制及其研究进展相关的文献。

结果与结论:抗菌肽是一类特殊的分子,为具有广谱抗菌性的宿主防御多肽,在一些生物体中其被认为是先天免疫系统的重要组成部分。抗菌肽的抗菌机制从作用模式上可以分为直接致死和免疫调节2类主要的模式,直接致死作用机制可进一步分为膜靶向和非膜靶向。与此同时基于抗菌肽的广泛应用,预计在葡萄球菌、口腔细菌(包括链球菌)和肠道细菌(包括沙门氏菌)等微生物环境中已发展出许多抵抗策略,主要分为被动抵抗和诱导或适应性抵抗机制。在未来的研究和应用中,阳离子肽是解决多重耐药性日益增多的一个有效选择,除了应设计新的方法来对抗细菌对抗菌肽的耐药性外,也应该预防由常规抗生素产生的耐药性。

ORCID: 0000-0002-7481-2832(张溪)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程

关键词:

抗菌肽, 抗菌机制, 植物源性, 膜透化, 非膜靶向, 抵抗机制, 非核糖体合成肽, 核糖体合成肽

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: As a potential candidate that can be extracted from natural sources and used to fight antibiotic-resistant bacteria, antimicrobial peptides have attracted extensive attention of scientists. Familiarity with the antimicrobial mechanism of antimicrobial peptides is conducive to the clinical application of antimicrobial peptides.

OBJECTIVE: To review the advance in research of antimicrobial mechanism of antimicrobial peptides.

METHODS: The first author conducted a computer-based retrieval of PubMed, Springerlink, Web of Science, ScienceDirect databases for articles regarding the antimicrobial mechanism and research advance published from January 2013 to March 2019.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Antimicrobial peptides are a class of special molecules with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. In some organisms, antimicrobial peptides are considered to be an important part of innate immune system. The antimicrobial mechanism of antimicrobial peptides can be divided into two main modes: direct killing and immune regulation, and direct killing mechanism can be further divided into membrane targeting and non-membrane targeting. At the same time, based on the extensive application of antimicrobial peptides, it is expected that many resistance strategies have been developed in microbial environments such as staphylococcus, oral bacteria (including streptococcus) and intestinal bacteria (including salmonella). These resistance strategies mainly include passive resistance and induction or adaptive resistance mechanisms. In the future research and application, cationic peptide is an effective choice to solve the increasing multidrug resistance. In addition to the obligation to design new methods to combat the resistance of antimicrobial peptides in bacteria, general preventive measures against the resistance of conventional antibiotics should also be paid attention to.

Key words: antimicrobial peptides, antimicrobial mechanism, plant-derived, membrane permeation, non-membrane targeting, resistance mechanism, non-ribosomal synthetic peptide, ribosomal synthetic peptides

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