中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (9): 1863-1869.doi: 10.12307/2025.124

• 数字化骨科Digital orthopedics • 上一篇    下一篇

3D打印个体化截骨导板结合定制钢板在开放楔形胫骨高位截骨中的应用

马  驰,王  宁,陈  拥,魏志晗,刘逢纪,朴成哲   

  1. 沈阳医学院附属中心医院,辽宁省沈阳市   110075
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-01 接受日期:2024-01-12 出版日期:2025-03-28 发布日期:2024-10-10
  • 通讯作者: 朴成哲,教授,主任医师,沈阳医学院附属中心医院,辽宁省沈阳市 110075
  • 作者简介:马驰,男,1997年生,安徽省亳州市人,汉族,沈阳医学院在读硕士,医师,主要从事骨关节与创伤方向的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    沈阳医学院硕士研究生科技创新基金项目(Y20220526),项目负责人:马驰;沈阳医学院科技基金项目(20191009),项目负责人:王宁;沈阳市中青年科技创新人才支持计划项目(RC220422),项目负责人:陈拥

Application of 3D-printing patient-specific instruments combined with customized locking plate in opening wedge high tibial osteotomy

Ma Chi, Wang Ning, Chen Yong, Wei Zhihan, Liu Fengji, Piao Chengzhe   

  1. Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110075, Liaoning Province, China
  • Received:2023-11-01 Accepted:2024-01-12 Online:2025-03-28 Published:2024-10-10
  • Contact: Piao Chengzhe, Professor, Chief physician, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110075, Liaoning Province, China
  • About author:Ma Chi, Master candidate, Physician, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110075, Liaoning Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Science and Technology Innovation Foundation for Master's Students of Shenyang Medical College, No. Y20220526 (to MC); Science and Technology Foundation of Shenyang Medical College, No. 20191009 (to WN); Shenyang Young and Middle-aged Science and Technology Innovation Talents Support Program, No. RC220422 (to CY) 

摘要:


文题释义
个体化截骨导板:术前采集患者患侧下肢全长CT数据,转化为DICOM格式后导入Mimics软件,进行术前规划并制作截骨导板,导板与每位患者自身的骨骼相匹配,具有很高的个体化和精准度。
定制钢板:在术前规划中模拟截骨手术并生成矫正后的三维模型,根据矫正后的骨骼模型设计与骨骼紧密贴合的钢板,钢板位置、所需锁定螺钉的长度和置入的角度、位置均已确定。

摘要
背景:3D打印个体化截骨导板辅助开放楔形胫骨高位截骨治疗膝骨关节炎具有手术时间短、透视次数少、矫正精准度高等优点。但之前报道的截骨导板对周围软组织破坏严重、锁定钢板位置不当等问题依旧明显。
目的:探究3D打印个体化截骨导板结合定制钢板辅助开放楔形胫骨高位截骨治疗膝骨关节炎的临床疗效。
方法:收集20例确诊为膝骨关节炎的患者,按手术方法分为3D组和常规组,每组10例。3D组采用3D打印个体化截骨导板结合定制钢板辅助开放楔形胫骨高位截骨手术,常规组进行常规开放楔形胫骨高位截骨手术。分析比较两组患者手术时间、透视次数、切口长度,术前和术后髋膝踝角、胫骨近端内侧角、胫骨后倾角以及计划矫正角度与实际矫正角度的差值,术前和术后1,3,6个月膝关节活动度及Lysholm评分,另外记录并发症发生情况。
结果与结论:①3D组患者的手术时间、透视次数少于常规组,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.001);②两组患者的术后髋膝踝角、胫骨近端内侧角均较术前增大,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.001),而胫骨后倾角无明显改变;3D组术后髋膝踝角、胫骨近端内侧角及胫骨后倾角与术前计划值分别相差(-0.22±0.72)°、(-0.20±0.73)°和(0.23±0.37)°,但差异均无显著性意义;3D组计划矫正度数与实际矫正度数的差值较常规组小,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);③两组患者术后膝关节活动度及Lysholm评分均逐步升高(P < 0.001);3D组术后1,3个月的膝关节活动度及术后1个月的Lysholm评分优于常规组,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);两组患者术后3个月的Lysholm评分、术后6个月的膝关节活动度及Lysholm评分差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);④两组患者均无并发症发生;⑤上述结果说明3D打印个体化截骨导板结合定制钢板辅助和常规方法均有良好的临床疗效,但前者的手术时间更短,透视次数更少,术后膝关节功能恢复更快;并且3D打印个体化截骨导板可精准实现术前规划。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 3D打印, 个体化截骨导板, 定制钢板, 开放楔形胫骨高位截骨, 膝骨关节炎

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The use of 3D-printed patient-specific instruments in opening wedge high tibial osteotomy has advantages such as shorter operative time, fewer fluoroscopic exposures, and higher correction accuracy. However, previous studies have reported issues such as significant damage to surrounding soft tissues and improper fixation of the plates. 
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of using 3D-printed patient-specific instruments combined with customized locking plate in opening wedge high tibial osteotomy for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. 
METHODS: A total of 20 patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis were divided into the 3D group (n=10) and the conventional group (n=10) according to surgical methods. The 3D group underwent opening wedge high tibial osteotomy using 3D-printed patient-specific instruments combined with customized locking plate, while the conventional group underwent opening wedge high tibial osteotomy using conventional methods. The operative time, fluoroscopic exposures, incision length, pre- and postoperative hip-knee-ankle angle, medial proximal tibial angle, posterior tibial slope, the difference between the planned and actual correction angle, preoperative and 1, 3, 6 months postoperative knee range of motion and Lysholm score, and incidence of complications were analyzed and compared between the two groups. 

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The operative time and fluoroscopic exposures were significantly shorter in the 3D group compared to the conventional group, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). (2) Both groups showed a significant improvement in postoperative hip-knee-ankle angle and medial proximal tibial angle compared to preoperative values, with a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001), while there was no significant change in posterior tibial slope. In the 3D group, the postoperative hip-knee-ankle angle, medial proximal tibial angle, and posterior tibial slope differed from their respective preoperative planned values by (-0.22±0.72)°, (-0.20±0.73)°, and (0.23±0.37)°, but the differences were not statistically significant. The difference between the planned and actual correction angle of 3D group was significantly smaller than that of conventional group (P < 0.05). (3) Both groups showed a gradual increase in knee range of motion and Lysholm scores after surgery (P < 0.001). Compared to the conventional group, the 3D group had superior knee range of motion at 1 and 3 months postoperatively, as well as a higher Lysholm score at 1 month postoperatively, with statistically significant differences (P < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in Lysholm score at 3 months and knee range of motion and Lysholm score at 6 months between the two groups (P > 0.05). (4) Complications occurred in neither groups. (5) The above results indicate that both 3D-printed patient-specific instruments combined with customized locking plate and conventional methods have good clinical efficacy. However, the former has a shorter operative time, fewer fluoroscopic exposures, and faster postoperative recovery of knee joint function. Additionally, 3D-printed patient-specific instruments can achieve preoperative planning accurately.


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: 3D printing, patient-specific instruments, customized locking plate, opening wedge high tibial osteotomy, knee osteoarthritis

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