中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (21): 4602-4611.doi: 10.12307/2025.812

• 骨与关节循证医学 evidence-based medicine of the bone and joint • 上一篇    下一篇

支架外固定与钢板内固定治疗桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的Meta分析

林 晴1,刘 峘2,成永忠3,姜俊杰2,李永耀3,李光耀1   

  1. 1北京中医药大学,北京市 100020;2中国中医科学院中医临床基础医学研究所,北京市 100010;3中国中医科学院望京医院创伤一科,北京市 100020
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-10 接受日期:2024-07-06 出版日期:2025-07-28 发布日期:2024-12-07
  • 通讯作者: Lin Qing, Master candidate, Physician, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100020, China
  • 作者简介:林晴,女,1999年生,福建省漳州市人,北京中医药大学在读硕士,医师,主要从事创伤外科的临床研究。
  • 基金资助:
    首都临床特色诊疗技术研究及转化应用(Z221100007422075),项目负责人:成永忠;中国中医科学院望京医院自主选题专项课题(WJYY-ZZXT-2022-10),项目负责人:成永忠;中国中医科学院科技创新工程重点项目(CI2021A02008),项目负责人:成永忠

Meta-analysis of external stent fixation and internal plate fixation for treatment of comminuted distal radius fractures

Lin Qing1, Liu Huan2, Cheng Yongzhong3, Jiang Junjie2, Li Yongyao3, Li Guangyao1   

  1. 1Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100020, China; 2Institute of Clinical Basic Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100010, China; 3First Department of Trauma, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100020, China
  • Received:2024-04-10 Accepted:2024-07-06 Online:2025-07-28 Published:2024-12-07
  • Contact: Cheng Yongzhong, Doctoral supervisor, Chief physician, First Department of Trauma, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100020, China
  • About author:Lin Qing, Master candidate, Physician, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100020, China
  • Supported by:
    Research and Transformation Application of Clinical Characteristic Diagnosis and Treatment Technology in Capital, No. Z221100007422075 (to CYZ); Special Project Independently Selected by Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. WJYY-ZZXT-2022-10 (to CYZ); Key Project of Science and Technology Innovation Project of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. CI2021A02008 (to CYZ) 

摘要:

文题释义:
外固定支架:是一种骨科手术器械,主要用于骨折、骨缺损和骨关节畸形等疾病的治疗。外固定支架治疗骨折已有150多年的历史,是开放性骨折和感染性骨不连治疗的首选方法。目前临床上主要应用的有单平面支架和半环形多针组合固定支架。
内固定:是在骨折切开复位术中用金属螺钉、钢板、髓内针、钢丝或骨板等物直接在断骨内或外面将断骨连接固定起来的手术方式,以保持骨折断端的复位。切开复位钢板内固定术是目前临床上治疗桡骨远端骨折最常用的方式。


摘要
目的:外固定支架和钢板内固定作为桡骨远端粉碎性骨折的常用治疗方法,在临床上各有利弊。系统评价外固定支架与钢板内固定治疗粉碎性桡骨远端骨折的临床疗效及安全性,为桡骨远端骨折中西医结合诊疗指南研制提供论证依据。
方法:系统检索PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Cochrane Library、中国知网、中国生物医学文献数据库、维普和万方数据库,纳入2013年10月至2023年10月发表的关于外固定支架和钢板内固定治疗粉碎性桡骨远端骨折的随机对照试验文献,按照纳入标准和排除标准筛选文献,使用Review Manager进行文献质量评价和Meta分析。
结果:①纳入8篇文献,其中中文文献4篇,英文文献4篇、总样本量648例,外固定支架组328例,钢板内固定组320例;②术后3个月,钢板内固定组的背伸、掌屈、旋后范围优于外固定支架组;术后12个月,钢板内固定组的握力、掌倾角、掌屈、旋前和旋后范围优于外固定支架组;钢板内固定组在术后感染方面优于外固定支架组,其余结局指标两组差异均无显著性意义。
结论:现有8项证据表明,在粉碎性桡骨远端骨折的治疗方式选择上,外固定支架与切开钢板内固定都有良好的治疗效果,综合其他因素钢板内固定更胜一筹,但是对于一些高度严重的粉碎性桡骨远端骨折、骨质较差、严重污染的开放性骨折以及软组织肿胀而无法进行切开手术的特殊患者,外固定支架才是首选。此次研究结果具有局限性,未来还需要开展更多高质量、大样本、多中心的随机对照试验研究,另外需重视远期疗效、其他次要指标的观察,补充优化当前研究结果。



中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 粉碎性桡骨远端骨折, 外固定支架, 内固定, 临床疗效, 安全性, 荟萃分析

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: External fixators and plate internal fixation are commonly used treatments for comminuted distal radius fractures, each with its own advantages and disadvantages in clinical practice. To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of external fixator and plate internal fixation in the treatment of comminuted distal radius fractures, and to provide a basis for the development of guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of distal radius fractures with integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine. 
METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biomedical Literature Database, VIP, and WanFang databases were systematically searched to include randomized controlled trials on external fixators and internal plate fixation for the treatment of comminuted distal radial fractures published from October 2013 to October 2023. The literature was screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Review Manager was used for literature quality evaluation and meta-analysis.
RESULTS: (1) Eight articles were included, including 4 in Chinese and 4 in English, with a total sample size of 648 cases, including 328 cases in the external fixation stent group and 320 cases in the internal fixation plate group. (2) At 3 months after operation, the internal fixation plate group was superior to the external fixation stent group in the range of dorsal extension, palmar flexion and supination. At 12 months after operation, the grip strength, palmar inclination, palmar flexion, pronation and supination in the internal fixation plate group were better than those in the external fixation stent group. The postoperative infection in the internal fixation plate group was better than that in the external fixation stent group, and there was no statistical difference in other outcome indicators.
CONCLUSION: Eight evidences showed that in the choice of treatment for comminuted distal radius fracture, both external fixation stent and incision plate internal fixation had good therapeutic effect, and plate internal fixation was better than other factors. However, for some special patients with highly severe comminuted distal radius fractures, poor bone quality, severely contaminated open fractures, and soft tissue swelling that did not allow incision surgery, external fixation was the first choice. The results of this study have limitations, and more high-quality, large-sample, multi-center randomized controlled trials are needed in the future, emphasizing the observation of long-term efficacy and other secondary indicators, and supplementing and optimizing the current research results. 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: comminuted distal radius fracture, external fixator, internal fixation, clinical efficacy, security, meta-analysis

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