中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2011, Vol. 15 ›› Issue (24): 4530-4536.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2011.24.040

• 组织构建学术探讨 tissue construction academic discussion • 上一篇    下一篇

成骨细胞和骨细胞的力学信号转导

张  舒1, 2，曹新生1，王  冰1, 2   

  1. 1国家教育部航空航天医学重点实验室，陕西省西安市 710032
    2美国纽约州立大学石溪分校生物医学工程系，美国纽约州石溪市，10032
  • 收稿日期:2011-03-16 修回日期:2011-05-17 出版日期:2011-06-11 发布日期:2011-06-11
  • 通讯作者: 王冰，女，1972年生，山西省太原市人，1995年第四军医大学毕业，博士，副教授，主要从事空间细胞生物学和生物力学研究。
  • 作者简介:张舒☆，男，1972年生，广东省郁南县人，1995年第四军医大学毕业，博士，副教授，主要从事空间细胞生物学和生物力学研究。

Mechanotransduction in osteoblast and osteocyte regulation

Zhang Shu1, 2, Cao Xin-sheng1, Wang Bing1, 2   

  1. 1Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xi’an  710032, Shaanxi Province, China
    2Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook 10032, USA
  • Received:2011-03-16 Revised:2011-05-17 Online:2011-06-11 Published:2011-06-11
  • Contact: Wang Bing, M.D., Ph.D., Associate professor, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xi’an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook 10032, USA bingwang90@hotmail.com
  • About author:Zhang Shu☆, M.D., Ph.D., Associate professor, Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Chinese Ministry of Education, Xi’an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook 10032, USA shuzhang89@hotmail.com
  • Supported by:

    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 30600132*, 30700141*, 30870595*

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被引次数

2

摘要：

背景: 骨骼具有功能适应性的特点，骨骼细胞是力学信号敏感细胞，但细胞的力学信号转导功能是如何实现的，对骨骼如何调控仍不明确。
目的：了解成骨细胞和骨细胞的力学信号转导途径，为利用力学信号改善骨骼功能提供理论依据。
方法：应用计算机检索PubMed数据库2000-01/2011-03相关文献。英文检索词为“osteoblast，osteocyte，bone cells，mechanical stress”， 根据纳入标准共69篇文章进行综述，以此对骨骼细胞力学信号转导相关内容进行总结。
结果与结论：骨骼具有功能适应性的特点，骨骼细胞是力学信号敏感细胞，但细胞的力学信号转导功能是如何实现的，对骨骼具有怎样的调控仍不明确。研究表明，由于骨骼的结构特点和细胞位置，成骨细胞和骨细胞是最重要的力学敏感性细胞。力学信号在骨骼内的转导过程分为4个阶段：①力学偶联。②生化偶联。③信号的传递。④效应性细胞的反应。通过这4个阶段的作用，作用在骨骼上的应力信号转导为生物化学信号，并影响细胞的功能，最终导致骨骼组织出现相应的结构变化以适应应力环境的需要。对于力学信号在骨髓间充质干细胞中的调控机制还有待继续深入探索。

关键词: 成骨细胞, 骨细胞, 机械刺激, 力学信号转导, 骨组织工程

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: One of the basic functions of bone is its adaptation to mechanical loading environment. Bone cells are the mechanosensitive cells in bone tissue. However, the mechanisms by which mechanical signals are transduced to chemical signals that influence bone growth and metabolism remain unidentified. 
OBJECTIVE: To understand the mechanotransduction pathways in osteoblasts and osteocytes, and to provide a theoretical basis for further study.
METHODS: PubMed database was retrieved by computer with key words of “osteoblast, osteocyte, bone cells, mechanical stress”. According to inclusion criteria, 69 articles were included to summarize the transduction of mechanical signals of bone cells.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: One of the basic functions of bone is its adaptation to mechanical loading environment. Bone cells are mechanosensitive cells. However, how the transduction of mechanical signals of cells realizes and how regulates skeleton remain poorly understood. Studies confirmed that due to the construction features and cell location of skeleton, osteoblasts and osteocytes are the most important mechanosensitive cells in bone tissue. The process of mechanotransduction can be divided into four distinct steps: ① mechanocoupling; ② biochemical coupling; ③ signal transmission; ④ effector response of bone cells. Through these four steps, the loads acting on the bones are transduced into biochemical signals, and then change the function of bone cells, finally induce the changes of bone structures to adapt the mechanical environment. The regulatory mechanisms of mechanical signals in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells require further investigation. 

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