中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2010, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (12): 2265-2267.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.12.044

• 生物材料学术探讨 biomaterial academic discussion • 上一篇    下一篇

设想：脐带是理想的骨组织工程材料

方彦艳，马  健   

  1. 同济大学附属口腔医学院，上海市  200072
  • 出版日期:2010-03-19 发布日期:2010-03-19
  • 通讯作者: 马 健，教授，同济大学附属口腔医学院，上海市 200072
  • 作者简介:方彦艳★，女，1982年生，黑龙江省绥化市人，同济大学08级口腔医学院在读硕士，主要从事脐带间充质干细胞在口腔骨组织缺损中的研究与临床应用。
  • 基金资助:

    上海浦江人才计划(07PJ00363)。

A hypothesis-human umbilical cord is an ideal material for bone tissue regeneration

Fang Yan-yan, Ma Jian   

  1. Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai   200072, China
  • Online:2010-03-19 Published:2010-03-19
  • Contact: Ma Jian, Professor, Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China jian.ma@tongji.edu.cn
  • About author:Fang Yan-yan★, Studying for master’s degree, Department of Oral Biology, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China fangyanyan217@hotmail.com
  • Supported by:

    Shanghai Pujiang Talent Planning, No. 07PJ00363*

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摘要：

目的：设想脐带可以提供骨组织工程中的三大因素：间充质干细胞，支架材料，诱导成骨的细胞因子，成为骨组织工程的理想材料。
方法：应用计算机检索Medline 2000-01/ 2010-01与组织工程成骨及脐带组织解剖相关的文献，检索词“bone tissue regeneration, mesenchymal stem cells, umbilical cord”，文章语言种类“English”。对资料进行初筛，选取近年发表的针对性强的文献，同一领域的文献则选择近期发表或权威杂志的文章，排除较陈旧的和重复研究的文章。共收集到57篇文章，选其中12篇进行分类整理用于综述。
结果：脐带是由外膜、2条脐动脉、1条脐静脉及多孔的华尔通胶质组成的，淋巴免疫系统尚无发育完全，从脐带中分离脐带间充质干细胞不会对母体和胎儿产生任何不良影响。因此，脐带来源的间充质干细胞免疫原性低，应用于临床治疗具有很大的现实意义。同时，脐带中含有韧性强的胶原蛋白及弹性好的纤维组织，可以为骨细胞生长适宜的条件。另外含有大血管也许可以提供丰富的成骨促进因子，例如血管内皮生长因子。
结论：根据脐带以上特点，提出设想脐带可以提供骨组织工程需要三大要素，即脐带来源间充质干细胞，胶原及纤维结构提供生物支架，大血管周围分泌促进成骨的细胞因子。这样，脐带将成为理想的骨组织工程材料。

关键词: 脐带, 骨再生, 间充质干细胞, 组织解剖, 骨组织工程材料　

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: A hypothesis that umbilical cord can provide mesenchymal stem cells, scaffold materials, and osteoinductive growth factors for bone tissue regeneration and become an ideal material for bone tissue regeneration was proposed.
METHODS: A computer based search was performed to retrieve the articles addressing bone tissue regeneration and umbilical cord tissue anatomy published between January 2000 and January 2010 in English language from Medline using the terms “bone tissue regeneration, mesenchymal stem cells, umbilical cord”. Articles in the same field published in the same study field were published recently or in the authorized journals, while old articles or respective studies were excluded. Totally 57 relevant articles were collected, but 12 were classified and reviewed.
RESULTS: The constituent tissues of umbilical cord was clear with an outer layer of amnion, porous Wharton’s jelly, two umbilical arteries, and one umbilical vein. Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells would not produce any adverse effects on mother and fetus. Therefore, umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells exhibit low immunogenicity and are of great practical importance when used in the clinic. At the same time, umbilical cord contains collagen and elastin, which can provide appropriate conditions for osteocyte growth. In addition, a large number of blood vessels may provide abundant osteoinductive growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factors.
CONCLUSION: According to above characteristics, a hypothesis was proposed that umbilical cord could provide three factors needed for bone tissue regeneration, i.e., umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells, collagen and fibrous structure as scaffold, and osteoinductive growth factors secreted surrounding the large blood vessels. Thus, umbilical cord would become an ideal material for bone tissue regeneration.

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