中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (10): 2515-2524.doi: 10.12307/2026.608

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

腰伸肌群的疲劳诱发方案

邢  聪   

  1. 复旦大学体育教学部,上海市  200433

  • 收稿日期:2025-03-10 接受日期:2025-05-30 出版日期:2026-04-08 发布日期:2025-08-29
  • 作者简介:邢聪,男,1988年生,山东省德州市人,汉族,2018年上海体育大学毕业,博士,讲师,主要从事运动中的神经-肌肉控制研究。
  • 基金资助:
    教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(20YJC890031),项目负责人:邢聪

Fatigue induction protocols for the lumbar extensor muscles

Xing Cong    

  1. Department of Physical Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China 
  • Received:2025-03-10 Accepted:2025-05-30 Online:2026-04-08 Published:2025-08-29
  • About author:Xing Cong, PhD, Lecturer, Department of Physical Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
  • Supported by:
     the Youth Fund for Humanities and Social Sciences Research of the Ministry of Education, No. 20YJC890031 (to XC)

摘要:


文题释义:
腰伸肌群疲劳方案:①疲劳诱导动作模式(包括静态维持、动态抗阻等动作范式);②负荷参数设计(涉及负荷强度、持续时间、间歇周期等关键参数);③疲劳状态量化判定(基于肌电信号特征、力输出衰减率等多维度评价指标)。通过标准化动作范式与量化评价体系协同设计腰伸肌疲劳诱导方案,不仅为临床精准评估腰背伸肌功能状态提供技术工具,更为深入探究下腰痛病理机制建立可靠的实验模型。
肌群疲劳判定:肌肉输出力量无法维持在特定水平的现象称为肌肉疲劳。现阶段腰伸肌群疲劳主要通过肌肉最大收缩力矩以及肌肉肌电功率频率谱的变化来判定。

背景:腰伸肌群疲劳是引发下腰疼症状的重要因素,也是导致运动中身体姿势控制策略改变、降低运动效率以及提高摔倒或局部关节损伤风险的重要诱因,因此在实验室或临床条件下准确、有效地诱发腰伸肌群疲劳,可以帮助研究者更好地了解腰伸肌群疲劳后的身体神经-肌肉控制状态以及探究下腰疼等相关症状的致病原因。
目的:归纳诱发腰伸肌群疲劳的动作形式、负荷设置、疲劳判定方法、疲劳效果影响因素等内容,总结腰伸肌群疲劳方案的研究进展。
方法:由第一作者以“腰伸肌群疲劳,下腰疼,腰背肌肉疲劳,腰背肌耐力,肌肉疲劳”为中文检索词。以“lumbar extensor muscles,trunk extensor muscles,spinal muscles,muscle endurance,muscles fatigue,muscles fatigue protocol,Sorensen test”为英文检索词。在中国知网、PubMed、Web of Science数据库中进行检索,最终纳入68篇相关文献,其中中文文献4篇、英文文献64篇。
结果与结论:实验室诱发腰伸肌群疲劳的方案主要包括Sorensen俯卧伸腰活动、坐位伸腰抗阻活动、站立提拉抗阻活动3种;腰伸肌群疲劳活动所选用的方式受到肌肉疲劳属性的影响;疲劳活动的强度可根据腰伸肌群最大自主收缩力量下降的实际值与期望值的关系来进行调整;肌电指标的变化与肌群最大自主收缩力量的下降程度相结合可以定量判定腰伸肌群的疲劳状况;受试者个体差异及人体运动链环节间补偿特性是影响腰伸肌群疲劳效果的主要因素。
https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4803-1443(邢聪)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 腰伸肌群, 疲劳方案, 肌肉疲劳属性, 动作形式, 负荷设置, 疲劳判定, 影响因素

Abstract: BACKGROUND:  Fatigue of the lumbar extensor muscle group is an important factor causing symptoms of low back pain. It is also an important cause of the change in posture control strategy during exercise, the reduction in exercise efficiency and the increase in the risk of fall or local joint injury. Therefore, accurate and effective induction of lumbar extensor fatigue in laboratory or clinical conditions can help researchers better understand the body’s neuromuscular control status after lumbar extensor fatigue and explore the causes of related symptoms such as low back pain.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the action form, load setting, fatigue determination method and influencing factors that induce lumbar extensor fatigue, and to summarize the development of fatigue induction protocols for the lumbar extensor muscles.
METHODS: The first author selected “lumbar extensor group fatigue, low back pain, lumbar back muscle fatigue, lumbar back muscle endurance, muscle fatigue” as the Chinese search terms and “lumbar extensor muscles, trunk extensor muscles, spinal muscles, muscle endurance, muscles fatigue, muscles fatigue protocol and Sorensen test” as the English search terms. After searching in CNKI, PubMed and Web of Science databases, 68 relevant articles were finally included, including 4 Chinese and 64 English articles.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There are mainly three regimens of laboratory-induced lumbar extensor fatigue: Sorensen propulsive stretching activity, sitting stretching activity and standing lifting activity. The fatigue activity of the lumbar extensor group is affected by the properties of muscle fatigue. The intensity of fatigue activities can be adjusted according to the relationship between the actual value and the expected value of the decrease in the maximum voluntary contraction force of the lumbar extensor muscle group. The fatigue status of the lumbar extensor muscle group can be determined quantitatively by combining the change inmyoelectric index with the decline in maximum voluntary contraction force of the muscle group. The individual differences among participants and the internode compensation characteristics of the human movement link are the primary factors influencing the fatigue effects of lumbar extensor muscles.


Key words: lumbar extensor muscles, fatigue protocol, muscle fatigue attribute, action form, load setting, fatigue judgment, influencing factors 

中图分类号: