中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (35): 9309-9315.doi: 10.12307/2026.440

• 组织构建循证医学 evidence-based medicine in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

基于运动想象脑机接口康复训练改善脑卒中患者上肢运动功能的Meta分析

管  惠1，侯王君2，房恩慧1，陈  康3，庄  贺1    

  1. 山东中医药大学，1康复医学院，2实验中心，山东省济南市   261500；3永州市中心医院康复医学科，湖南省永州市   425000

  • 收稿日期:2025-09-28 修回日期:2026-01-18 出版日期:2026-12-18 发布日期:2026-04-29
  • 通讯作者: 庄贺，硕士生导师，山东中医药大学康复医学院，山东省济南市 250355
  • 作者简介:管惠，女，2000年生，汉族，山东省潍坊市人，山东中医药大学在读硕士，主要从事神经康复方面研究。

Motor imagery-based brain-computer interface rehabilitation training improves upper limb motor function in stroke patients: a meta-analysis

Guan Hui1, Hou Wangjun2, Fang Enhui1, Chen Kang3, Zhuang He1   

  1. 1School of Rehabilitation Medicine, 2Experimental Center, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 261500, Shandong Province, China; 3Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, the Central Hospital of Yongzhou, Yongzhou 425000, Hunan Province, China
  • Received:2025-09-28 Revised:2026-01-18 Online:2026-12-18 Published:2026-04-29
  • Contact: Zhuang He, Master’s supervisor, School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 261500, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Guan Hui, MS candidate, School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 261500, Shandong Province, China

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摘要：



文题释义：
脑卒中：是一种以脑血管突发破裂或阻塞为特征的急性脑血管疾病，患者在发病后普遍存在上肢肌力减弱、运动协调性差、精细动作执行困难等问题，导致在日常活动中的自理能力显著下降。
基于运动想象的脑机接口：是一种通过检测和解码大脑运动想象信号来实现人脑与外部设备交互的非侵入性技术，核心机制是利用神经可塑性促进大脑功能的重建和恢复，从而帮助患者改善运动功能和日常生活活动能力。

目的：系统评价基于运动想象脑机接口训练对脑卒中患者上肢运动功能的疗效，以期为临床实践提供循证依据。
方法：检索PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、Cochrane Library、CBM、中国知网、维普数据库和万方数据库，纳入基于运动想象脑机接口训练改善脑卒中患者上肢运动功能的随机对照试验，检索时限均从数据库建库至2025年7月。由2名研究者分别独立进行文献筛选、数据提取，并使用Cochrane偏倚风险评价工具进行质量评价。采用Revman 5.4软件进行Meta分析。
结果：最终纳入11篇文献，涵盖543例脑卒中患者。Meta分析结果显示，试验组与对照组综合运动能力评分量表[MD=5.25，95%CI(3.28，7.21)，P < 0.000 01]、Wolf运动功能测试[MD=4.98，95%CI(3.26，6.69)，P < 0.000 01]、改良Barthel指数[MD=9.53，95%CI(5.99，13.07)，P < 0.000 01]、运动诱发电位[MD=-0.64，95%CI(-1.10，-0.18)，P=0.006]、中枢运动传导时间[MD=-0.90，95%CI(-1.36，-0.45)，P=0.000 1]均优于对照组；亚组分析发现，干预周期≥4周的患者接受脑机接口训练后，日常生活能力改善更显著。此外，干预次数≥20次的患者上肢运动功能改善更明显，提示干预次数越多，效果更佳。
结论：现有证据表明，基于运动想象脑机接口能够显著改善脑卒中患者上肢运动功能和日常生活能力。由于纳入研究普遍存在方法学异质性较大与样本规模有限的双重局限性，未来亟待通过大样本、方法学严谨的随机对照试验进一步验证当前结论的可靠性。

https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1343-5563 (管惠) 


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞；骨髓干细胞；造血干细胞；脂肪干细胞；肿瘤干细胞；胚胎干细胞；脐带脐血干细胞；干细胞诱导；干细胞分化；组织工程

关键词: 运动想象, 基于运动想象的脑机接口(MI-BCI), 上肢功能, Meta分析

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the effects of motor imagery-based brain-computer training on upper limb motor function in patients with stroke, thereby providing evidence-based guidance for clinical practice. 
METHODS: The randomized controlled trials about the effects of motor imagery-based brain-computer interface training in patients with stroke were retrieved from databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI, VIP, and WanFang Data) from the establishment of the databases to July 2025. Two researchers independently conducted literature screening and data extraction. The Cochrane bias risk was used to evaluate the level of evidence. Rev Man 5.4 software was used for meta-analysis. 
RESULTS: Eleven studies encompassing 543 stroke survivors were ultimately included. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the experimental group had better outcomes than the control group in terms of the Fugl Meyer assessment [mean difference (MD)=5.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) (3.28, 7.21), P < 0.000 01], Wolf Motor Function Test [MD=4.98, 95% CI (3.26, 6.69), P < 0.000 01], Modified Barthel Index [MD=9.53, 95% CI (5.99, 13.07), P < 0.000 01], motor evoked potential [MD=-0.64, 95% CI (-1.10, -0.18), P=0.006], and central motor conduction time [MD=-0.90, 95% CI (-1.36, -0.45), P=0.000 1]. Subgroup analysis revealed that patients who received brain-computer interface training for a period of ≥ 4 weeks showed more significant improvements in daily living abilities. Moreover, patients who underwent ≥ 20 sessions of training exhibited more pronounced improvements in upper limb motor function, suggesting that the more intervention sessions, the better the outcomes.
CONCLUSION: Current evidence suggests that motor imagery-based brain-computer interface training has the best efficacy in improving upper limb motor function and daily living ability in stroke patients. Given the dual limitations of methodological heterogeneity and small sample sizes in current studies, large-scale, rigorously designed randomized controlled trials are required to validate these findings in the future.


Key words: motor imagery, motor imagery-based brain-computer interface (MI-BCI), upper limb motor function, meta-analysis

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