中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (17): 3624-3631.doi: 10.12307/2025.189

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

颈椎病动物模型及其内在分子机制

钱嘉铭1,王小乐2,方  婷2,周毛生2,刘福水1,2   

  1. 1江西中医药大学,江西省南昌市   330004;2江西中医药大学附属医院,江西省南昌市   330006


  • 收稿日期:2024-02-27 接受日期:2024-04-29 出版日期:2025-06-18 发布日期:2024-11-02
  • 通讯作者: 刘福水,教授,江西中医药大学,江西省南昌市 330004;江西中医药大学附属医院,江西省南昌市 330006
  • 作者简介:钱嘉铭,男,1995年生,江西省樟树市人,汉族,博士研究生,主要从事脊柱外科研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82360940),项目负责人:刘福水;江西省自然科学基金重点项目 (20224ACB206041),项目负责人:刘福水;江西省研究生创新专项资金项目(YC2023-B223),项目负责人:钱嘉铭

Animal model of cervical spondylosis and its internal molecular mechanism

Qian Jiaming1, Wang Xiaole2, Fang Ting2, Zhou Maosheng2, Liu Fushui1, 2   

  1. 1Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China; 2Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
  • Received:2024-02-27 Accepted:2024-04-29 Online:2025-06-18 Published:2024-11-02
  • Contact: Liu Fushui, Professor, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China; Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
  • About author:Qian Jiaming, Doctoral candidate, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82360940 (to LFS); Key Project of Jiangxi Natural Science Foundation, No. 20224ACB206041 (to LFS); Jiangxi Province Graduate Innovation Special Fund Project, No. YC2023-B223 (to QJM) 

摘要:


文题释义:
颈椎病:由椎间盘退变引起邻近结构的病理改变,影响周围神经、血管等组织,表现出不同的临床症状。一般将颈椎病分为颈型、神经根型、脊髓型和其他型颈椎病,呈现普遍化、年轻化发病趋势,对社会及经济产生重大影响。
动物模型:指各种医学科学研究中建立的具有人类疾病特征的动物。用实验动物模型复制人类疾病是促进医学科学发展的重要途径,也是进行基础研究的前提。

背景:将临床疾病完全转化为动物模型存在许多问题,但理想的动物模型是进行颈椎病机制研究的前提,因此选择合适的颈椎病动物模型至关重要。
目的:详细分析颈椎病动物模型的物种、性别、年龄、颈椎病模型类型及其内在分子机制,探讨如何选择合适的动物模型应用于颈椎病实验研究。
方法:应用计算机检索PubMed、Medline、Embase、Web of science、万方、维普和CNKI等数据库,英文检索词为“cervical spondylosis,cervical spondylotic myelopath,cervical spondylotic radiculopathy,cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type,neck type cervical spondylosis,unbalanced dynamic and static forces,joint injury,neck pain,animal model”,中文检索词为“颈椎病,神经根型颈椎病,脊髓型颈椎病,椎动脉型颈椎病,颈型颈椎病,动静力失衡,关节损伤,颈痛,动物模型”,按照纳入和排除标准对文献进行筛选,最终纳入61篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:大鼠是最常用的动物,雄性大鼠似乎更受欢迎,推荐使用成年前后的动物。根据造模特点可以将颈椎病模型分为脊髓型、神经根型、颈型和其他型,不同造模方法各有优缺点。从已有动物模型的研究出发,总结了颈椎病的分子机制,治疗信号介导核因子κB、磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B、丝裂原激活蛋白激酶等通路调节脊髓、神经根、椎间盘、肌肉等组织的炎症反应、凋亡、自噬等生物学过程,最终延缓颈椎病的进展。部分研究质量较差,与临床契合度不高,未来需要进一步将颈椎病动物模型标准化,制定相关指南,提高研究结果的可信度,为进一步开展人体临床试验奠定坚实的基础。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1837-7768 (钱嘉铭) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 颈椎病, 动物模型, 分子机制, 脊髓, 神经根, 颈肌, 椎间盘

Abstract: BACKGROUND: There are many problems to completely transform clinical diseases into animal models, but the ideal animal model is the premise of the mechanism research of cervical spondylosis, and it is very important to select the appropriate animal model of cervical spondylosis.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the species, sex, age, type of cervical spondylosis model and its internal molecular mechanism of animal models of cervical spondylosis in detail so as to explore how to select suitable animal models for experimental research of cervical spondylosis.
METHODS: PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, WanFang, VIP, and CNKI databases were searched with Chinese and English search terms “cervical spondylosis, cervical spondylotic myelopathy, cervical spondylotic radiculopathy, cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type, neck type cervical spondylosis, unbalanced dynamic and static forces, joint injury, neck pain, animal model.” According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the literature was screened, and finally 61 articles were included for review and analysis. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Rats are the most commonly used animals, and males seem to be more popular. It is recommended to use young adult animals. According to the characteristics of molding, cervical spondylosis models were divided into cervical spondylotic myelopath, cervical spondylotic radiculopathy, neck type cervical spondylosis, and other type cervical spondylosis. The advantages and disadvantages of various modeling methods were evaluated. Based on the studies of existing animal models, the molecular mechanism of cervical spondylosis was summarized. Therapeutic signals mediate nuclear factor-κB, phosphatidylinositol‐3 kinase/protein kinase B, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and other pathways to regulate the biological processes of inflammation, apoptosis and autophagy of spinal cord, nerve root, intervertebral disc, muscle and other tissues, and ultimately delay the progression of cervical spondylosis. The quality of some studies is poor, and the clinical compatibility is not high. In the future, it is necessary to further standardize the animal model of cervical spondylosis, formulate relevant guidelines, improve the credibility of the research results, and lay a solid foundation for further human clinical trials.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

Key words: cervical spondylosis, animal model, molecular mechanism, spinal cord, nerve root, cervical muscle, intervertebral disc

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