中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (17): 3632-3640.doi: 10.12307/2025.634

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

糖尿病肾病模型：动物模型、二维细胞模拟及三维类器官模型

钱足平1，2，陈  勇2，冉  燕2，达静静2，查  艳1，2     

  1. 1遵义医科大学，贵州省遵义市  563000；2贵州省人民医院肾内科，贵州省贵阳市  550002
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-06 接受日期:2024-07-22 出版日期:2025-06-18 发布日期:2024-11-02
  • 通讯作者: 查艳，博士，主任医师，教授，博士生导师，遵义医科大学，贵州省遵义市 563000；贵州省人民医院肾内科，贵州省贵阳市 550002
  • 作者简介:钱足平，女，1998年生，贵州省兴义市人，汉族，遵义医科大学在读硕士，主要从事肾脏疾病研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(82360148)，项目负责人：查艳；贵州省科技厅(黔科合成果[2023]重大010)，项目负责人：查艳；贵州省高层次创新人才项目(黔科合平台人才[2018]5636-2)，项目负责人：查艳；贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合平台人才[2020]2201号)，项目负责人：查艳；贵州省人民医院人才基金([2023]-8)，项目负责人：陈勇；贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2021]一般381)，项目负责人：冉燕；贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2023]一般219)，项目负责人：查艳

Diabetic nephropathy model: animal model, two-dimensional cell simulation and three-dimensional organoid model 

Qian Zuping1, 2, Chen Yong2, Ran Yan2, Da Jingjing2, Zha Yan1, 2    

  1. 1Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China; 2Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang 550002, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2024-06-06 Accepted:2024-07-22 Online:2025-06-18 Published:2024-11-02
  • Contact: Zha Yan, MD, Chief physician, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China; Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang 550002, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Qian Zuping, Master candidate, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China; Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang 550002, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82360148 (to ZY); Science and Technology Department of Guizhou Province, No. Guizhou Family Synthetic Fruit [2023] Major 010 (to ZY); Guizhou High-level Innovative Talents Project, No. Guizhou Science Cooperation Platform Talents [2018] 5636-2 (to ZY); Guizhou Science and Technology Plan Project, No.Guizhou Science Cooperation Platform Talent [2020] 2201 (to ZY); Talent Fund of Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, No. [2023]-8 (to CY); Guizhou Science and Technology Plan Project, No. Guizhou Science Cooperation Basis-ZK[2021]381 (to RY); Guizhou Science and Technology Plan Project, No. Guizhou Science Cooperation Basis-ZK[2023]219 (to ZY)

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摘要：


文题释义：
糖尿病肾病：是糖尿病晚期最严重的微血管并发症之一，多见于病史超过10年的糖尿病患者，临床症状以蛋白尿及持续的肾功能下降为主；主要病理改变包括系膜基质增生、细胞外基质过度沉积、肾小球硬化及肾小管间质纤维化。
肾脏类器官：是由干细胞产生的、能够在体外自发形成包含足细胞、近端小管细胞、远端小管细胞及血管内皮细胞等在内的多种固有细胞的器官样结构，具有稳定的遗传背景；可用于探索肾脏发育过程、疾病建模和药物筛选。

背景：近几年来，人类多能干细胞衍生的肾类器官及糖尿病肾病啮齿动物模型取得了一定的进展。然而，由于糖尿病肾病发病受环境因素及遗传因素共同作用，发病机制复杂，并且对于此类患者的临床治疗方法需要因人而异。因此，需要开发更灵活和综合的方法，从而发现强有力的临床前证据，以支持对糖尿病肾病患者进行更有针对性的干预。
目的：从动物模型、二维细胞培养模拟及三维类器官模型等方面综述了糖尿病肾病模型的研究进展，为进一步的研究提供线索和思路。
方法：以“糖尿病，糖尿病肾病，糖尿病肾病模型，糖尿病肾病动物模型，类器官，肾脏类器官，糖尿病肾病细胞模型，糖尿病肾病病证结合动物模型”为中文检索词，“Diabetes，diabetic nephropathy，diabetic kidney diseases，diabetic nephropathy models，diabetic nephropathy animal models，organoids，diabetic and organoids，diabetic and kidney organoids，kidney organoids，diabetic nephropathy cell models，diabetic nephropathy syndrome combined animal models”为英文检索词，检索中国知网及PubMed数据库，最终纳入101篇文献进行综述分析。
结果与结论：糖尿病肾病体内模型和体外模型是深入研究糖尿病肾病发病机制的有力工具。动物模型可以观察到多系统之间的相互作用；二维细胞培养操作简便且成本较低；新兴的肾类器官填补了二维和整体水平之间的空白，无种属差异且一定程度模拟了人肾脏的复杂性。随着类器官技术的不断发展，肾类器官有望为探索糖尿病肾病的发病机制、病理生理过程和药物筛选提供一个新的视角。
https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1469-1223(钱足平)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程

关键词: 糖尿病肾病, 肾脏类器官, 糖尿病肾病类器官, 细胞模型, 动物模型, 中医病证结合糖尿病肾病模型, 工程化组织构建

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In recent years, human pluripotent stem cell derived kidney organoids and rodent models of diabetic kidney disease have also made some progress. However, because the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease is affected by environmental factors and genetic factors, the pathogenesis is complex, and the clinical treatment for diabetic kidney disease patients needs to vary from person to person. Therefore, more flexible and integrated approaches need to be developed, leading to the discovery of strong preclinical evidence to support more targeted interventions in patients with diabetic kidney disease.
OBJECTIVE: To reviewthe research progress of diabetic kidney disease model from the aspects of diabetic kidney disease animal model, two-dimensional cell culture simulation diabetic kidney disease model, and three-dimensional organoid diabetic kidney disease model, to provide clues and ideas for further research.
METHODS: China National Knowledge Network and PubMed databases were searched with“diabetes, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic kidney diseases, diabetic nephropathy models, diabetic nephropathy animal models, organoids, diabetic and organoids, diabetic and kidney organoids, kidney organoids, diabetic nephropathy cell models, diabetic nephropathy syndrome combined animal models” as Chinese and English search terms. Totally 101 articles were finally included for review and analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Both in vivo and in vitro models of diabetic kidney disease are powerful tools to further study the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease. The interactions between multiple systems can be observed in animal models. Two-dimensional cell culture is easy to operate and low cost. The emerging kidney organoids fill the gap between two-dimensional and global levels, without species differences, and simulate the complexity of human kidney to a certain extent. With the continuous development of organoid technology, kidney organoids are expected to provide a new perspective for exploring the pathogenesis, pathophysiology, and drug screening of diabetic kidney disease.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程

Key words: Diabetic kidney disease, kidney organoids, diabetic nephropathy organoid model, cell models, animal models, TCM syndrome combined with diabetic nephropathy model, engineered tissue construction

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