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08 April 2012, Volume 16 Issue 15 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Effects of allogeneic serum on proliferation of rabbit articular chondrocytes cultured in vitro   Zeng Ling-yuan, Wang Shi-dong, He Dong-dong, Wang Yu-ze, Duan Wang-ping, Wei Xiao-chun 2012, 16 (15):  2661-2664.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.001 Abstract ( 206 )   PDF (314KB) ( 254 )   Save BACKGROUND: Because chondrocytes are easy to dedifferentiate when they are cultured in vitro with fetal bovine serum, it is necessary to find a suitable medium to improve the quality of rabbit articular chondrocytes. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of allogeneic rabbit serum on the proliferation of rabbit articular chondrocytes cultured in vitro. METHODS: The chondrocytes were isolated from rabbit knee articular cartilage tissues with 0.4% Pronase and 0.025% collagenase Ⅱ, then equal randomly divided into two groups: the chondrocytes of the experiment group were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle’s medium/Ham’s nutrient mixture F-12 containing 10% allogeneic rabbit serum, whereas the culture medium of 10% fetal bovine serum and Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium/Ham’s nutrient mixture F-12 was used in control group. After subculture, passage 4 cells were obtained. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Compared with the control group, the chondrocytes in the experiment group proliferated slowly before the 4th passage. But at the same time, the morphology of chondrocytes in the experiment group was better than that in the control group. When the chondrocytes were at the fourth passage, we found that the shape and growth of chondrocytes in the experiment group achieved better results. Meanwhile the dedifferentiated chondrocytes could be observed in the control group. The 10% allogeneic rabbit serum medium is good for maintaining the shape and proliferation of chondrocytes, so it is indicated that we can get a large number of good chondrocytes through this way. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of endogenous cytokines and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1 on the articular cartilage of osteoarthritis patients Zhao Jing-he1, Yang Qiu-yun1, Wang Bing2 2012, 16 (15):  2665-2668.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.002 Abstract ( 277 )   PDF (270KB) ( 355 )   Save BACKGROUND: Studies have found that the cytokine participates in the formation of osteoarthritis by influencing balance between catabolism and anabolism of articular cartilage matrix. Interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) play an important role. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of endogenous cytokines, IL-1β and TIMP-1, on cataplasia of articular cartilage of osteoarthritis. METHODS: Thirty-seven patients with knee osteoarthritis were studied who were treated in the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University during 2006-06/2009-09. Extraction of synovial fluid and separation of smooth and shining synovial membrane tissues were performed during microscopic examination in patients. Ten specimens of normal synovial fluid and smooth and shining synovial membrane tissue were used as control. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the osteoarthritis patients, the levels of IL-1β and TIMP-1 in synovial fluid and synovial membrane tissue were all significantly higher than those in the normal synovial fluid, the synovial fluid concentration of IL-1β and TIMP-1 were positively related to the severity of osteoarthritis. These findings demonstrate that the level of IL-1β and TIMP-1 are related with osteoarthritis and cartilage degradation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Molecular mechanism of Tougu Xiaotong capsules for subchondral bone remodeling in knee osteoarthritis Li Min1, Guo Yi-er1, Liu Xian-xiang2, Wei Shuang-sheng2, Chen Wen-lie2, Lin Jiu-mao2, Huang Yun-mei2, Huang Mei-ya2, 2012, 16 (15):  2669-2673.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.003 Abstract ( 266 )   PDF (402KB) ( 359 )   Save BACKGROUND: Former study indicates that Tougu Xiaotong capsule is an effective treatment for knee osteoarthritis; it has a protective effect on knee articular cartilage. Subchondral bone remodeling is important in the pathology process of knee osteoarthritis. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of Tougu Xiaotong capsule on subchondral bone remodeling in osteoarthritis and to investigate the mechanism. METHODS: New Zealand rabbits were divided into four groups: normal group, model group, Zhuanggu Guanjie pill group and Tougu Xiaotong capsule group. Model construction was performed using modified Hulth method in rabbits except for the normal group. Rabbits in the normal group and model group were administrated with normal saline daily by gavage. Rabbits in the Zhuanggu Guanjie pill group were administrated with the water solution of Zhuanggu Guanjie pill by gavage daily. Rabbits in Tougu Xiaotong capsule group were administrated the water solution of Tougu Xiaotong capsule by gavage daily. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The expression of Cyclin D1 gene, insulin-like growth factor and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand mRNA in the subchondral bone of the Tougu Xiaotong capsule group was significantly higher than that of the normal group in 6, 9 and 12 weeks after mo                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   del construction (P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, the mRNA expression of Cyclin D1 in the Tougu Xiaotong capsule group was lower in 1 week after model construction (P < 0.05); the mRNA expression of insulin-like growth factor and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand was lower in 6 week after model construction (P < 0.05); the expression of indicators in the Tougu Xiaotong capsule group was relatively lower in 9 and 12 week after model construction (P < 0.05). Compared with Zhuanggu Guanjie pill group, the expression of Cyclin D1 mRNA in the Tougu Xiaotong capsule group was lower in 1 week after model construction (P < 0.05); the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand in the Tougu Xiaotong capsule group was lower in 6 week after model construction (P < 0.05); the mRNA expression of insulin-like growth factor in the Tougu Xiaotong capsule group was lower in 9 and 12 weeks (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that Tougu Xiaotong capsule can change the rates and patterns of subchondral bone remodeling, and ultimately reduce the subchondral bone sclerosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Histological changes of vascularization and osteogenesis in the non-cell based tissue engineered bone promoted by the pedicle fascia flap Wang Yao-yi 1, Yang Xin-ming2, Hu Zhen-shun1, Meng Xian-yong2, Zhang Ying2, Yin Yan-lin2, Zhang Jun-wei2 2012, 16 (15):  2674-2680.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.004 Abstract ( 205 )   PDF (453KB) ( 315 )   Save BACKGROUND: The pedicle fascia flap promotes the osteogenesis of tissue engineered bone. However, it is rarely reported that weather the promotion effect is achieved through the osteogenic repair process with vascularization-centric in the early stage. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate that pedicle fascial flap has a good vascularization effect and can promote osteogenesis by observing the effects of pedicle fascial flap on the vascularization and osteogenesis at different stages of bone defect repair in non-cell based tissue engineered bone. METHODS: Full-defect rabbit models of ulna long segment bone-periosteum and pedicle fascial flap were constructed and divided into four groups: implantation group, fascia flap without pedicle group, vascular endothelial growth factor group and pedicle fascia flap group. The corresponding materials were implanted into the bone defects.. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: According to histological observation, the pedicle fascia flap group was superior to the implantation group, fascia flap without pedicle group and vascular endothelial growth factor group not only in the quantity of the new vessels but also in the quantity and quality of the new bone trabeculae at each time point. Vascular regeneration area and new bone trabeculae area of the vascular endothelial growth factor group and pedicle fascia flap group was significantly larger than those of the implantation group and fascia flap without pedicle group in the 4th week after implantation (P < 0.05); the vascular regeneration area and the area of the corresponding new bone trabeculaes in the pedicle fascia flap group was significantly larger than those of the other three groups (P < 0.05). These findings illustrate that pedicle fascia flap has a significant promote effect on the vascularization of the non-cell based tissue engineered bone; the enhanced vascularization is helpful to the osteogenesis, it can effectively improve the quantity and quality of the regenerated bone and shorten the bone repair time. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of miR-3960 on osteogenic differentiation   Li Hui1, Pang Ya-ling1, Li Xiao-yan1, Wang Xin-wen2, Wu Gui-fu1, Guo Jian1, Luo Xiang-hang3 2012, 16 (15):  2681-2685.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.005 Abstract ( 253 )   PDF (314KB) ( 252 )   Save BACKGROUND: Osteoblast differentiation involves highly regulated processes mediated by a large number of hormones and transcription factors. Emerging evidence reveals an additional level of regulation that is mediated by microRNAs. miR-3960 is preferentially expressed in osteoblasts, which suggests that miR-3960 may take part in the regulation process of osteogenic differentiation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of miR-3960 in osteogenic differentiation of primary mouse bone marrow stromal cells. METHODS: The parameters of osteoblast differentiation were measured after transfection of bone marrow stromal cells with pSilencer4.1-miR-3960. Osteoblastic differentiation was induced by the addition of 300 μg/L bone morphogenetic protein 2. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Stable and high expression of miR-3960 was obtained in the cells after transfection with pSilencer4.1-miR-3960. Compared with control cells, the levels of alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin secretion and calcium deposition were increased by transfection of pSilencer4.1-miR-3960. Treatment with anti-miR-3960 attenuated the levels of alkaline phosphatase activity and osteocalcin secretion as well as reduced calcium deposition. All these results suggest that miR-3960 promotes osteoblast differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Bushen Huogu decoction on bone metabolism of ovariectomized osteoporotic rats★ He Fei-yu1, 2, Shen Lin1, Mei Liang2, Shuai Bo1 2012, 16 (15):  2686-2690.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.006 Abstract ( 261 )   PDF (197KB) ( 438 )   Save BACKGROUND: Bushen Huogu decoction can effectively prevent and treat osteoporosis, but the concrete mechanism of pharmacology is still not clear. 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 and 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 are important coupling factors, which can regulate bone resorption and formation. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the curative effects of Bushen Huogu decoction on the bone mineral density, bone biomechanics, and level of 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 and 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in blood serum, liver and kidney in the ovariectomized osteoporotic rats. METHODS: Totally 108 healthy female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into model group, sham-operated group, and treatment group. All rats had been ovariectomized to induce estrogen absence and further establish osteoporotic models, except those in sham-operated group. Treatment group of rats were intragastrically administrated with 2 mL Bushen Huogu decoction, twice a day. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with model group, the bone mineral density in the rat femur was significantly increased in the treatment group (P < 0.05), the index of maximal stress and maximal loading of the femoral head were also increased (P < 0.05). The concentration of 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 and 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in blood serum, liver and kidney were significant higher in the treatment group than those in the model group, and the levels were similar with those in sham-operated group (P > 0.05). In the early period of estrogenic hormone absence, the Chinese kidney-tonifying drugs could activate bone metabolism, raise bone mineral density and reinforce quality of bone through up-regulating expression of 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 and 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. Related Articles | Metrics

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Primary cultivation of mouse pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells by improved adherence method combined with endothelial cell culture medium   Huang Cai-xuan, He Tao, Xing Yi-qiao 2012, 16 (15):  2691-2694.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.007 Abstract ( 276 )   PDF (361KB) ( 281 )   Save BACKGROUND: Pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) are one of the most important endothelial cell models for microcirculation. During many training methods, simple adherence method is relatively simple, but the time-consuming and more impurity cells are the biggest obstacle for cells culture. OBJECTIVE: To optimize the cultivation method for mouse PMVECs in vitro, and to observe the growth condition and to identify the property. METHODS: The pulmonary tissue particles were isolated from 5-day-old C57BL/6J mice pups by scissoring peripheral lung lobes accurately under sterile conditions, and cultured with endothelial cell medium. The morphology and growing characters of the cells were observed by inverted microscope. Cultured cells were identified by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining of factor Ⅷ related antigen. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A few spindle-shaped cells were found along the edge of tissue particles after cultured for 24 hours. After subculturing, cells spread even faster and took on a homogeneous cobblestone-like appearance, with the purity exceeding 98%. Morphological observations and detections of Ⅷ related antigen results conformed that these cultured cells were endothelial cells. It is a convenient and effective approach to gain a large scale of PMVECs from neonatal mice by tissue-anchoring method and endothelial cell medium.   Related Articles | Metrics

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Culture and identification of human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro using Trypsin digestion method  Bai Yan-hui1, Zhang Ming-chang1, Bian Fang2 2012, 16 (15):  2695-2698.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.008 Abstract ( 261 )   PDF (289KB) ( 307 )   Save BACKGROUND: The establishment of human umbilical vein endothelial cells model in vitro has significant meaning for the study of neovascularization, but human umbilical vein endothelial cells are difficult to cultivate in vitro and there is not a criterion. OBJECTIVE: To explore how to harvest and identify human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro. METHODS: 0.25 g/L Trypsin and 0.02% ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid perfusion method was used to isolate human umbilical vein endothelial cells from the fresh umbilical cord, and the cells were cultured and amplified. The composition of culture medium was simplified by not adding vascular endothelial cell growth factor and heparin. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells grown to 80% confluence were identified by morphological observation and immunofluorescence method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The endothelial cells spread on the bottom of the dishes within 2 hours, then coalesced and grew to form a confluent monolayer of polygonal cells within 24 hours. The cultured cells were identified as human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Trypsin perfusion is a simple and effective method for collection of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Cells harvested with this protocol can be used as models on research of vascular endothelial cells in vitro.   Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction, expression and purification of a prokaryotic expression plasmid carrying pulmonary surfactant protein C   Wang Jing, Du Jiang, Zhou Xi-zhong, Liu Ru, Shen Wei, Wang Bin 2012, 16 (15):  2699-2703.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.009 Abstract ( 238 )   PDF (396KB) ( 377 )   Save BACKGROUND: Studies have suggested that gene defection leads to the structural change of pulmonary surfactant protein C (SP-C). Early detection of pulmonary surfactants is of great significance for prediction of occurrence of lung diseases. OBJECTIVE: To clone human pulmonary SP-C, to construct an prokaryotic expression vector PET28a/SP-C, and to obtain purified SP-C. METHODS: The total RNA of normal lung tissue was extracted, and SP-C cDNA was then obtained by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The purified product of SP-C cDNA was then inserted into PMD-18T vector to obtain recombinant PMD-18T/SP-C. The recombinant plasmid PMD-18T/SP-C was cut by restriction enzymes Bam HⅠ/Hind Ⅲ and then purified to become SP-C cDNA with viscous ends, as was PET28a to become a linear plasmid fragment with the same viscous ends as SP-C cDNA. The SP-C cDNA was combined with the PET-28a that had been cut by the enzymes to construct the recombinant plasmid PET-28a/SP-C. The correct PET-28a/SP-C was transformed into BL21 to induce expression. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Two bands were detected at 5 000-7 500 bp and 250-1 000 bp after SP-C cDNA and its recombinant plasmid were identified after Bam HⅠ and Hind Ⅲ double digestion. The fragment length of the inserted gene was 597 bp, in consistence with the SP-C cDNA sequence announced by GeneBank. Western-blot analysis showed that the purified SP-C protein had a new band with the expected size at a relative molecular mass of about 27 000. These findings indicate that human SP-C cDNA can be correctly cloned into the PET-28a, with construction of the recombinant plasmid PET-28a/SP-C, and SP-C protein may be expressed in BL21. Related Articles | Metrics

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Transfection and expression of human apM1 gene into the aorta of rabbits mediated by using ultrasound with SonoVue    Yang Wen-kai1, 2, Chen Qing3, Yang Chun-li4, Wang Xian-guo1, Xie Ting1, Dong Nian-guo1, Chen Xin-zhong1 2012, 16 (15):  2704-2708.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.010 Abstract ( 239 )   PDF (482KB) ( 262 )   Save BACKGROUND: Gene delivery using ultrasound microbubbles is an emerging directional transmission gene technology. OBJECTIVE: To construct a recombinant plasmid containing human apM1 gene and delivery apM1 gene into the aorta of rabbits by using ultrasound with SonoVue.  METHODS: Twenty-one rabbits were randomized into control group (n=6) and apM1 group (n=15). apM1 mRNA from epicardial adipose tissue was amplified by reverse transcription-PCR and cloned into plasmid pcDNA3.1 to generate the recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1-apM1, which was confirmed by nucleotide sequencing and transiently transfected into human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). While the mixture of SonoVue and pcDNA3.1-apM1 was injected though helix vein, the thoracoabdominal aorta of rabbits were sonicated by ultrasound for 3 minutes. The arterial vessels and blood serum of rabbits were harvested at 2, 7and 14 days respectively after delivery to detect apM1 expression by Western blot analyses and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The identification of pcDNA3.1-apM1 recombinant by DNA sequencing ws correct. The expression of apM1 gene could be detected by Western blot in HUVECs after pcDNA3.1-apM1 transient transfection. apM1 gene could be effectively transfered into the aorta wall of rabbit by using ultrasound with SonoVue. The high expression of apMl gene was detected at 2 days after delivery and until to 14 days. ELISA results showed that the concentration of apM1 protein in serum of rabbit could be significantly increased by delivery of apM1 gene using ultrasound with SonoVue (P < 0.01). These findings indicate that the eukaryotic expression recombinant containing apM1 gene can be successfully constructed. apM1 gene can be transferred into the deep area of rabbit aorta vessel wall by ultrasound with SonoVue and expressed and secreted effectively.  Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of heat shock protein 90 and inhibitor of apoptosis protein Livin in pathologic scars Wang Da-wei1, 2, Wang Xi-mei1, Liu Lin-bo1, Wang Qi-ying1, Peng Qian1, Zhang Juan1, 2, Sun Yu-feng1, 2, Zhang Qiong-ge1, 2 2012, 16 (15):  2709-2714.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.011 Abstract ( 298 )   PDF (458KB) ( 277 )   Save BACKGROUND: In recent years, related research has shown that heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) and inhibitor of apoptosis protein Livin play a very important role in the process of cell apoptosis. However, the roles of HSP90 and Livin in the formation of pathologic scars are rarely reported. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression and correlation of HSP90 and Livin in pathologic scars in gene and protein levels. METHODS: Reverse transcription-PCR and SP immunohistochemical methods were used to detect the expressions of HSP90 and Livin in 24 cases of keloid, 26 cases of hypertrophic scar, 22 cases of non-pathologic scar and 20 cases of normal skin tissue. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The positive levels of HSP90 and Livin in the keloid group and hypertrophic scar group were higher than that in the non-pathologic scar group and normal skin group (P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between HSP90 and Livin expressions in the pathologic scars (rs=0.436, P < 0.05). RT-PCR results were similar to the immunohistochemical results. The results suggest that HSP90 and Livin may play an important role in the formation of pathologic scar; and there may be a synergistic effect between the two. Wang DW, Wang XM, Liu LB, Wang QY, Peng Q, Zhang J, Sun YF, Zhang QG. Expression of heat shock protein 90 and inhibitor of apoptosis protein Livin in pathologic scars. Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu. 2012;16(15): 2709-2714.     [http://www.crter.cn  http://en.zglckf.com] Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of ozone on hypertrophic scar during the healing of bilateral circular full-thickness skin wounds on the back of rats Ou Shan-xing1, Li Xiao-rong1, Zhang Li1, Yu Zhi-jian2 2012, 16 (15):  2715-2719.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.012 Abstract ( 293 )   PDF (501KB) ( 333 )   Save BACKGROUND: The prevention of epidural scar formation can reduce the incidence of failed back surgery syndromes. Ozone has been applied in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation, and has achieved good effect. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of ozone on the healing of wound and hypertrophic scar in rats. METHODS: Hypertrophic scar models of bilateral circular full-thickness skin wounds were made on the back of rats using surgical incision method, and then the rats were divided into three groups: blank control group with no treatment, oxygen group treated with 5 mL pure oxygen and ozone group treated with 5 mL of 30-40 mg/L ozone. Rats in the latter two groups were injected twice a week; After 4 weeks, hypertrophic scar/granulation tissue samples were extracted. The appearance of hypertrophic scar/granulation tissue as well as the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α and basic fibroblast growth factor in each group were detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining immunohistochemistry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the blank control and oxygen groups, the area of hypertrophic scar in the ozone group was smaller after wound healing, besides, there were more epithelia generated and less inflammatory cell infiltration, as well as thinner collagen fibers and more breakages. Furthermore, the expression of tumor necrosis factor α was significantly decreased (P < 0.01), while the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor was significantly increased (P < 0.01). These findings suggest that ozone can reduce inflammatory cell infiltration via its anti-inflammatory effect and decrease the oversynthesis of collagens through inhibiting the expression of tumor necrosis factor α and increasing the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor to inhibit the inflammation of granulation tissue and scar proliferation. Ou SX, Li XR, Zhang L, Yu ZJ. Effect of ozone on hypertrophic scar during the healing of bilateral circular full-thickness skin wounds on the back of rats. Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu. 2012;16(15): 2715-2719.     [http://www.crter.cn  http://en.zglckf.com]   Related Articles | Metrics

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三七总皂苷对L6大鼠成肌细胞抗化学损伤模型的保护作用** Yang Yan-hua, Zhu Dao-li, Chen Pei-lin, Yu Chun-mei, Yang Yu-qin 2012, 16 (15):  2720-2723.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.013 Abstract ( 308 )   PDF (409KB) ( 239 )   Save BACKGROUND: Panax notoginseng saponin has multiple pharmacological effects such as stasis and clearing and activating the channels and collaterals, but the mechanisms are unclear. OBJECTIVE: To observe the protective effect of panax notoginseng saponin against H2O2 damage of L6 rat myoblasts and its effect on the expression of Bax and bcl-2. METHODS: H2O2 damaged model of L6 rat myoblasts was built. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, 4,6-diamino-2-phenyl indole chemical fluorescence and flow cytometry were applied to detect the survival rates of L6 rat myoblasts treated with different dosesof panax notoginseng saponin (0.5 , 0.1 and 0.02 g/L). The effects of different doses of panax notoginseng saponin (0.5, 0.1 and 0.02 g/L) on Bax and Bcl-2 protein expression levels of L6 rat myoblasts were analyzed by immunofluorescence cytochemistry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The L6 rat myoblasts had low survival rate and high apoptosis rate after injury of H2O2, while panax notoginseng saponin could obviously increase the survival rate and reduce the apoptosis rate. Immunofluorescence cytochemistry results showed that panax notoginseng saponin could enhance the Bcl-2 expression and inhibit the Bax expression. Panax notoginseng saponin can protect L6 rat myoblasts from H2O2 damage, and the protective effects are in order of sequence of 0.1 g/L > 0.02 g/L >     0.5 g/L . The mechanism may be related to the enhancement of Bcl-2 expression and inhibition of Bax expression. Yang YH, Zhu DL, Chen PL, Yu CM, Yang YQ. Protective effect of panax notoginseng saponin against chemical damage of myoblasts in L6 rats. Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu. 2012;16(15): 2720-2723.     [http://www.crter.cn  http://en.zglckf.com] Related Articles | Metrics

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Changes in ischemic skeletal muscle of the limbs in diabetic rats after multi-point injection of recombinant plasmids carrying hepatocyte growth factors into the skeletal muscles around the femoral arteries Hu Chao-chang1, 2, Ha Xiao-qin2, He Yu-mei3, Xie Fu-qiang4, Xing Zhan-kui4, Han Jun-ping5 2012, 16 (15):  2724-2727.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.014 Abstract ( 233 )   PDF (1210KB) ( 295 )   Save BACKGROUND: At present, plasmid vectors are widely used in gene therapy based on their better bio-security and a longer duration in vivo. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the histological changes of ischemic skeletal muscle of the hind limbs in diabetic rats after multi-point injection of recombinant plasmids carrying hepatocyte growth factors (pUDKH) into muscles around the femoral arteries for 15 days. METHODS: Streptozotocin was used to establish diabetes model in Sprague-Dawley rats, and then the rats were divided into three groups randomly. After 24 hours of modeling, rats in the high dosage group were injected with pUDKH at 200 μg for each, those in the low dosage group were injected with pUDKH at 100 μg for each, and those in the control group were treated with medical water for injection at the same volume. Skeletal muscles of the rats were removed for pathological observation at 15 days. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Sarcoplasmic atrophy and degeneration, fibrotic hyperplasia and hyalinization, invasive degeneration of plasma cells, widened muscle space, and focal abscess could be seen in the control group. Plentiful capillaries were formed after the treatment by pUDKH, and stripes of muscle fibers were well kept in the high dosage group compared with the low dosage group. It is indicated that pUDKH carrying hepatocyte growth factors has the therapeutic effects on Limb ischemia of diabetic rats. Hu CC, Ha XQ, He YM, Xie FQ, Xing ZK, Han JP. Changes in ischemic skeletal muscle of the limbs in diabetic rats after multi-point injection of recombinant plasmids carrying hepatocyte growth factors into the skeletal muscles around the femoral arteries. Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu. 2012;16(15): 2724-2727.     [http://www.crter.cn  http://en.zglckf.com] Related Articles | Metrics

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Combination of mature dendritic cells and transforming growth factor beta for in vitro amplification of regulatory T cells in mice Fan Sha-sha1, Luo Rong-cheng2, Duan Hua-xin3, Shi Yong-zhong1, Yuan You-hong1, Xiao Pei-ling3 2012, 16 (15):  2728-2732.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.015 Abstract ( 246 )   PDF (582KB) ( 328 )   Save BACKGROUND: At present, the nature CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells are too rare to meet the clinical requirement. OBJECTIVE: To establish an effective amplification system of murine CD4+CD25+T cells in vitro. METHODS: Mature dendritic cells from C57/BL6 mouse bone marrow were combined with different doses of transforming growth factor β were used to amplify autologous or allogeneic CD4+CD25+T cells in vitro. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After 2 weeks culture, magnetic bead sorted CD4+CD25+T cells in the amplification factor for natural regulatory T cells were (17.3±10.6) times, 0.2 and 2 μg/L concentration had the strongest amplification on T cells. The expansion CD4+CD25+ positive rate was (85.38±1.82)%, CD127 positive rate was (78.86±0.91)%; The expansion of regulatory T cells with high expression of FOXP3 mRNA was 1.5 folds than nature ones in vitro. The regulatory T cells inhibitory test showed that regulatory T cells could inhibit the proliferation of auto-and allo-CD4+T cells in vitro in a cell dose-dependent manner. The inhibit rate of CD4+CD25+T cells to autologous CD4+T cells was (60.1±0.71) %, the inhibit rate of allogeneic CD4+T cells was (35.5±0.57)% (P < 0.05). We successfully amplified CD4+CD25+T cells in vitro. The cells expanded have inhibitory effects in vitro, and as the method can obtain large quantity and purity cells, which may be used in clinical trials in future. Fan SS, Luo RC, Duan HX, Shi YZ, Yuan YH, Xiao PL. Combination of mature dendritic cells and transforming growth factor beta for in vitro amplification of regulatory T cells in mice. Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu. 2012;16(15): 2728-2732.     [http://www.crter.cn  http://en.zglckf.com] Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of electroporation-mediated gene therapy on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor during mandible distraction   Yin Kang1, Hu Chun-bing2, He Xiao-chuan2, Li Shao-lan2, Wu Guo-ping2, Guo Li2 2012, 16 (15):  2733-2733.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.016 Abstract ( 237 )   PDF (339KB) ( 230 )   Save BACKGROUND: Our previous studies have proved the gene therapy can promote new bone formation in mandibular distraction area. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of electroporation-mediated gene therapy on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the distracted calluses during mandibular distraction osteogenesis in a rabbit model. METHODS: Bilateral mandibular osteotomies were performed in 50 New-Zeland rabbits. The mandibular distraction osteogenesis models were established. After the completion of distraction, the rabbits were randomly divided into five groups: group A: pIRES-hVEGF165-hBMP2; group B: pIRES-hBMP2; group C: pIRES-hVEGF165; group D: pIRES and group E: normal saline. All the animals were treated with electroporation stimulation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: VEGF staining was located in cytoplasm of endothelial cells, osteoblasts, fibroblasts, inflammatory cells and immature osteocytes. Their strongest expression was found at 7 days after the end of distraction, declined at 14 days, and weakened with maturation of the newly formed bone at 28 days. But in every point, the gene therapy group was stronger than the control group. It suggests that electroporation-mediated gene therapy can obtain continues expression of VEGF, and make the meaning extended time limit, which can promote angiogenesis during mandibular distraction, and new bone formation. Yin K, Hu CB, He XC, Li SL, Wu GP, Guo L. Effects of electroporation-mediated gene therapy on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor during mandible distraction. Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu. 2012;16(15): 2733-2736.     [http://www.crter.cn  http://en.zglckf.com] Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction of a microRNA expressing eukaryotic vector targeting vascular endothelial growth factor   Xiong Jian-ning1, 2, Sun Jian2, Ou Ying-liang2, Jian Zhi-xiang2 2012, 16 (15):  2737-2740.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.017 Abstract ( 184 )   PDF (329KB) ( 257 )   Save BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that the microRNA (miRNA) and its potential target gene play an important role in hepatocellular carcinoma, but the exact mechanism is still unclear. OBJECTIVE: To construct a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) miRNA expressing eukaryotic vector and to identify biological activity of VEGF miRNA transfected into HepG-2 cells. METHODS: According to the sequence of VEGF mRNA, the VEGF miRNA was designed and synthesized, and then cloned into the pcDNA6.2-GW/EmGFP-miRNA vector and transfected into HepG-2 cell lines. The integrity of the insert fragment was detected using colony PCR and sequencing analysis. The biological activity of VEGF miRNA by way of real-time PCR and Western blot was determined.  RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Sequences of the inset fragment in the four miRNA expressing recombinants were correct. VEGF mRNA expression of the four miRNA recombinants were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), especially in the VEGF-miRNA-3 with an inhibitory rate of 87%. Four VEGF-targeting miRNA expressing recombinants were successfully constructed which can significantly inhibit VEGF gene expression in HepG2 cells. Xiong JN, Sun J, Ou YL, Jian ZX. Construction of a microRNA expressing eukaryotic vector targeting vascular endothelial growth factor. Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu. 2012;16(15): 2737-2740.     [http://www.crter.cn  http://en.zglckf.com]   Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of hepatocyte growth factor on the proliferation and apoptosis of primary hepatic stellate cells under tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand Zhang Jun-hong, Jiang Hai-xing, Qin Shan-yu, Lu Zheng-feng, Meng Yun-chao, Ning Lin, Yang Wen 2012, 16 (15):  2741-2744.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.018 Abstract ( 247 )   PDF (432KB) ( 244 )   Save BACKGROUND: Activated hepatic stellate cells play a key role in liver fibrosis. Research shows that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) can promote the apoptosis of activated hepatic stellate cells and the specific mechanisms may have relationship with the apoptosis of enhanced-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced stellate cells. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of HGF under the action of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) in primary hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) proliferation, apoptosis and to explore the possible mechanisms involved. METHODS: Primary HSCs of SD rats were used to recovery and passage, and were used in the experiment when the proliferation was obvious. HSCs were divided into four groups: ① blank control group, HSCs cultured alone; ② HGF group,    100 μg/L HGF was injected into HSCs; ③ TRAIL group, 2 mg/L TRAIL was injected into HSCs; ④ HGF+TRAIL group, the HSCs were prestimulated by HGF for 24 hours and then 2 mg/L TRAIL was injected into HSCs. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay showed that HGF at 50- 200 μg/L and TRAIL at 0.5-1.5 mg/L had no effect on HSCs proliferation. 2 mg/L rate TRAIL could inhibit HSCs proliferation. Mid and late apoptosis of HSCs was detected by flow cytometry, the apoptosis rate in the HGF+TRAIL group was higher than that in the blank control group and the HGF group (P < 0.05); the DR5 fluorescence intensity in the HGF+TRAIL group was higher than that in the blank control group, the HGF group and the TRAIL group (P < 0.01). Under the action of the TRAIL, HGF could promote the apoptosis of HSCs and inhibit the proliferation. The possible machanism was that HGF could increase the expression of DR5 on HSCs surface. Zhang JH, Jiang HX, Qin SY, Lu ZF, Meng YC, Ning L, Yang W. Effect of hepatocyte growth factor on the proliferation and apoptosis of primary hepatic stellate cells under tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand. Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu. 2012;16(15): 2741-2744.     [http://www.crter.cn  http://en.zglckf.com] Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of low-energy extracorporeal shock wave on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and angiogenesis in diabetic wound healing   Yan Xiao-yu, Yang Guang, Cheng Liang, Chen Ming, Cheng Xiang-guo, Chai Yi-min, Luo Cong-feng, Zeng Bing-fang 2012, 16 (15):  2745-2749.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.019 Abstract ( 242 )   PDF (383KB) ( 330 )   Save BACKGROUND: Extracorporeal shock wave (ESW) as a non-invasive physical stimulation can promote angiogenesis and tissue repair. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of low-energy ESW on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and its role in promoting diabetic wound healing. METHODS: Totally 72 Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into treatment, diabetes and control groups. Diabetic chronic wound models were established in the treatment and diabetes groups. The ESW was used for the treatment group at 1 day after modeling, but coupling liquid was used for the diabetes and control groups. Granulation tissue of the wound and formation of new blood vessels were observed. Protein content of VEGF and expression of mRNA were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the diabetes group, closure rate of the wound in the treatment group was increased. The number of microvessels within the wound was increased in the treatment group at 3 days after treatment than in the diabetes group, and corresponding granulation tissues were increased simultaneously. Compared with the control group, expressions of VEGF protein and mRNA were lower in the diabetic control group at 3 and 7 days after treatment, moreover, declined at 7 days after treatment. After the ESW treatment, the protein content of VEGF and expression of mRNA level were increased at 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after treatment and began to decline at 14 days after treatment. This suggested that the reduced expression level of VEGF and decreased period of its expression can contribute to the impaired healing of diabetic wound. The ESW treatment can increase the expression of VEGF and extend the time of its high expression to promote wound angiogenesis and ultimately accelerate the growth of granulation tissue and diabetic wound healing. Yan XY, Yang G, Cheng L, Chen M, Cheng XG, Chai YM, Luo CF, Zeng BF. Effect of low-energy extracorporeal shock wave on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and angiogenesis in diabetic wound healing. Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu. 2012;16(15): 2745-2749.     [http://www.crter.cn  http://en.zglckf.com]   Related Articles | Metrics

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Antiosteoporotic activity of lycopene in mature ovariectomized rats Yang Xi-zhong1, Ji Cui-jie2, Wang De-chun1, Chen Xiao-liang1 2012, 16 (15):  2750-2756.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.020 Abstract ( 270 )   PDF (392KB) ( 532 )   Save BACKGROUND: A number of studies have suggested that lycopene is an antioxidant which is used to decrease the risk of age-related chronic diseases. OBJECTIVE: To establish a rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis, and to investigate the effects of lycopene in preventing bone loss in ovatiectomized rat models of osteoporosis. METHODS: The 6-month-old female Wistar rats, SPF grade, which had never given birth, were divided into sham and ovatiectomized groups. The ovatiectomized rats were further sub-divided into four groups which were administered with corn oil orally as model group, lycopene (10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg, daily) or treated by intraperitoneal injection with estradiol benzoate        (25 mg/kg, twice). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After 12-week administration, as compared with the model group, the uterus weight of high-dose and low-dose lycopene groups significantly increased (P < 0.05); the Ca, P, superoxide dismutase levels, percent trabecular area, and trabecular number were obviously higher, and serum alkaline phosphatase, urine deoxypyridinoline, malondialdehyde, trabecular separation and number of osteoclasts were obviously lower in the lycopene groups than the model group (P < 0.05). The bone mass index, bone bio-mechanics and bone histomorphometry were better in the lycopene groups than the model group    (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that lycopene has a definite antiosteoporotic effect on ovatiectomized rats. Related Articles | Metrics

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Discharge pattern changes of the subthalamic nucleus and primary motor cortex in Parkinson’s disease rats Guang Kui, Yang Mao-quan, Lu Zhi-yuan, Ding Fang-xiang, Wang Min 2012, 16 (15):  2757-2761.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.021 Abstract ( 243 )   PDF (329KB) ( 365 )   Save BACKGROUND: Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus represents an effective technique for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. However, the underlying therapeutic mechanisms remain undefined. OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of the local field potentials of subthalamic nucleus and primary motor cortex in Parkinson’s disease. METHODS: Parkinson’s disease model of experimental group was constructed by injecting 6-hydroxydopamine into substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral tegmental area of Wistar rats. Normal saline was injected into substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral tegmental area of control rats. The metal electrode was used to record local field potentials of subthalamic nucleus and primary motor cortex of control and Parkinson’s disease rats in different states. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The frequency and energy of local field potentials in the subthalamic nucleus of experimental group was higher than that of the control group as a whole (P < 0.05). Compared with stationary state, the local field potentials in the primary motor cortex of control rats during the execution of reach movement changed significantly at 7 to 12 Hz and 12 to    30 Hz (P < 0.05), and the changes at 30 to 100 Hz were extremely significant (P < 0.01). The frequency became smaller as a whole during the execution of reach movement. Spectral decomposition of the local field potentials in the primary motor cortex of Parkinson’s disease rats changed little in different states. The only extremely significant change was observed at 30 to 100 Hz   (P < 0.01). These results suggest that the electrical activity of subthalamic nucleus is overactive and the electrical activity of primary motor cortex is inhibited in Parkinson’s disease rats. Related Articles | Metrics

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Low-frequency pulsed ultrasound versus hormone blockade for the treatment of tendinopathy in rats Xu Xi-dong, Liu Wei, Liu Miao, Si Hai-bo, Chen Shi-rong 2012, 16 (15):  2762-2766.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.022 Abstract ( 247 )   PDF (430KB) ( 265 )   Save BACKGROUND: Low-frequency pulsed ultrasound is widely used in the treatment of chronic soft tissue injuries. OBJECTIVE: To establish a rat model of tendinopathy and to observe the therapeutic effects of low-frequency pulsed ultrasound versus hormone blockade. METHODS: Totally 60 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: black control group (10 rats) and experimental group (50 rats) which received electric stimulus for 8 weeks to construct the rat models of tendinopathy. After modeling successfully, low frequency ultrasound, corticosteroid local blocking, and 4 week simple rest were performed. The number and height of jumping were recorded. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, sirius-red staining and Tunnel staining were used to observe the pathological changes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Jumping ability of the rats firstly increased then decreased during modeling. After modeling successfully, Achilles tendon tide line increased, Ⅰ/Ⅲ type collagen ratio inversed and apoptosis increased. In the low frequency ultrasound group, the Achilles tendon collagen ratio was obviously recovered and apoptosis was decreased, but which in the hormone blockade and simple rest groups had no obvious changes. It is suggested that low-frequency pulsed ultrasound can be used for the tendinopathy treatment, and has a protective effect on Achilles tendon.   Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction of a cervical noncommunicating syringomyelia model accompanied with thoracic scoliosis in rabbits   Su Li-wei, Xie Jing-ming, Wang Ying-song, Zhang Ying, Li Tao, Zhao Zhi 2012, 16 (15):  2767-2771.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.023 Abstract ( 238 )   PDF (419KB) ( 275 )   Save BACKGROUND: Based on the characteristics that syringomyelia and scoliosis often accompany each other, building an animal model with similar clinical characteristics can facilitate the further research on the occurrence mechanism of scoliosis. OBJECTIVE: To build a rabbit model with similar clinical characteristics of cervical syringomyelia accompanied with scoliosis. METHODS: A total of 46 healthy Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into experiment group, sham operation group and saline group. Experimental rabbits were injected with kaolin at the 7th cervical level to construct cervical syringomyelia model accompanied with scoliosis. Sham operation rabbits were punctured without injection. Rabbits in the saline group were injected with sodium chloride solution. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Inflammatory cell infiltration in spinal cord was found in the experiment group in the 2nd week. Vascular clearance expansion and lymphocytes infiltrate was found in the experiment group in the 4th week. Cavities started to form in 4 to 6 weeks; MRI examination showed cavities in the cervical segments. Cavities were found in about 67% of the experimental animals; the cavity size and the amount of involved segments increased with time. Histological examination confirmed the MRI results. X-ray images showed scoliosis. These findings indicate that the constructed model has typical cavities and classic scoliosis representation; it is simple to operate and has high success rate. Therefore, the constructed animal model is close to clinical cervical syringomyelia accompanied with scoliosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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A rat osteoarthritis model established by ovariectomy and excessive exercise Su Yun1, Meng Xiang-jun2 2012, 16 (15):  2772-2775.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.024 Abstract ( 227 )   PDF (348KB) ( 315 )   Save BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis is commonly seen in postmenopausal women. Therefore, establishing an osteoarthritis model in postmenopausal animals will contribute to the research of osteoarthritis. OBJECTIVE: To establish a postmenopausal rat model of osteoarthritis． METHODS: Female SD rats, aged 4 months, were randomly divided into normal control group and experimental group. The backs of experimental rats were cut open and the both ovaries were removed. The experimental rats were forced to walk in a rolling wheel for 10 minutes twice daily after the incision healed. Rats in normal control group received no treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The cell layers in the articular cartilage were clear in the normal control group, and the cell shape was normal. The articular cartilage in the experimental group became thinning and degeneration. The cartilage surface became roughness and some of the surface layer lost. The cell number decreased and the cartilage cell layers became disorder. The trabecula was sparse and arranged in disorder. The femur bone mineral density in experimental group was significantly decreased compared with that in the control group (P < 0.05). It demonstrates that the osteoarthritis model is successfully established by ovariectomy and excessive exercise in postmenopausal rats. Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of Bu Yang Huan Wu Tang on the expression of aortic vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 mRNA in a rat atherosclerosis model  Zhang Hong-zhen1, Chen Yan-qing2, Geng Yan-jun3 2012, 16 (15):  2776-2779.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.025 Abstract ( 368 )   PDF (331KB) ( 252 )   Save BACKGROUND: Gene expression product of vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) mRNA plays an important role in atherosclerosis. Bu Yang Huan Wu Tang has the effect of changing the quality of blood rheology, decreasing the level of blood-lipid and against atherosclerosis. OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic effect of Bu Yang Huan Wu Tang on the treatment of atherosclerosis model, meanwhile, to investigate the mechanism on molecule level. METHODS: High fat diet and Vitamin D3 were used to induce a rat atherosclerosis model. After the AS rats model establishement, thirty-two rats model were divided into four groups according to random touch ball method: Bu Yang Huan Wu Tang therapy group, ligustrazine therapy group, model group and normal control group. The level of blood lipid and the expression of VCAM-1 mRNA in each group were observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The rate of molding success was 92%. The level of blood lipid in Bu Yang Huan Wu Tang therapy group was close to normal level, and there was no significant difference when compare with other two groups. There was no expression of VCAM-1 mRNA in normal control group, and compared with ligustrazine therapy group and model group, the expression of VCAM-1 mRNA in Bu Yang Huan Wu Tang therapy group was decreased significantly. It indicates that representative formula of qi-benifiting and blood-activating Chinese medicinal herbs Bu Yang Huan Wu Tang can down-regulate the expression of VCAM-1 mRNA, and decrease the level of blood-lipid in rat models. It has the effect against atherosclerosis, and the mechanism may be related with the down-regulated expression of VCAM-1mRNA. Zhang HZ, Chen YQ, Geng YJ. Influence of Bu Yang Huan Wu Tang on the expression of aortic vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 mRNA in rat atherosclerosis model. Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu. 2012;16(15): 2776-2779.     [http://www.crter.cn  http://en.zglckf.com] Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma agonists on cell autophagy after spinal cord injury in rats  Huang Chen, Chen Lian, Shi Qin, Yang Hui-lin 2012, 16 (15):  2780-2784.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.026 Abstract ( 213 )   PDF (472KB) ( 272 )   Save BACKGROUND: Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonists have significant anti-inflammatory effects and present as the important mediator in protecting neurons and regulating cell autopagy after spinal cord injury. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of PPAR γ agonists on the cell autophagy following spinal cord injury in rats． METHODS: Sixty SD rats were selected, and they were evenly divided into three groups: normal control group, PPARγ agonists group, and spinal cord injury group. Rats in the normal control group did not suffer from spinal cord injury and only received vertebrae plate resection followed by intraperitoneal injection of normal saline injection. Spinal cord injury models were prepared in the PPARγ agonists group and spinal cord injury groups using the improved Allen method. Meanwhile, PPARγ agonists group were intraperitoneally injected with rosiglitazone, and the spinal cord injury group received no treatment. Sample collection of the three groups was performed for immunohistochemical analysis at 1, 3, 7, 14 days after spinal cord injury. Beclin 1 and Bcl-2 expression was detected with the western blotting method, and the neurological function recovery of the spinal cord was also evaluated by Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan score． RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan score in the PPARγ agonists group was significantly higher than that in the spinal cord injury group at 3-14 days after spinal cord injury (P < 0.05). The positive cells related to autophagy were found in the spinal cord injury and PPARγ agonists groups, and the degree of autophagy was relatively decreased in the PPARγ agonists group (P < 0.05). Compared with the spinal cord injury group, beclin 1 expression was decreased and Bcl-2 expression was increased as well as the neurological function was improved in the PPARγ agonists group (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that PPARγ agonists can decrease cell autophagy to some extent and have an antagonistic on apoptosis to promote the recovery of neurological function to some extent. Related Articles | Metrics

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Improvement of transfection efficiency with plasmid transfected to the myocardium of rats intrapericardially in vivo Qi Ying-chun, Xie Xiao-hua, Chen Wen, Li Zhao-hui 2012, 16 (15):  2785-2788.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.027 Abstract ( 323 )   PDF (410KB) ( 279 )   Save BACKGROUND: It has always been the highlights to find how to accomplish safe, effective and extensive transfection of the myocardium. OBJECTIVE: To explore a new feasible method for improving transfection efficiency of non-viral plasmids to the myocardium and for obtaining satisfactory myocardial targeting. METHODS: We chose PLacZ as a report gene. Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: control group, intrapericardial group, intrapericardial negative group, sublingual vein group, sublingual vein negative group. For all the subsets of experiments, hearts were harvested at 6 days after injection. Tissues of heart, lung, liver and kidney were stained with X-gal, and PlacZ gene expression of the heart and other non-targeted organs was observed to decide the gene transfection status and myocardial targeting. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After 6 days of transfection, only rats in the intrapericardial group were stained blue in parts of the myocardium on the atrial, ventricular and apex level. Other groups were negative for X-gal staining in the myocardium, lung, liver and kidney. The intrapericardial injection of microbubbles and some enzymes, as well as plasmids, with the aid of ultrasound, can improve transfection efficiency of plasmids significantly and the heart targeting is satisfactory. Qi YC, Xie XH, Chen W, Li ZH. Improvement of transfection efficiency with plasmid transfected to the myocardium of rats intrapericardially in vivo. Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu. 2012;16(15): 2785-2788.     [http://www.crter.cn  http://en.zglckf.com]   Related Articles | Metrics

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Isolation, culture and identification of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells in nude mice  Wang Hong-xia, Deng Yong-jian, Jiang Qiang, Tang Na, Hu Chun-ting, Zhang Jiang-yu, Ding Yan-qing 2012, 16 (15):  2789-2792.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.028 Abstract ( 272 )   PDF (335KB) ( 378 )   Save BACKGROUND: It is necessary to establish an effective method of isolating and culturing primary liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) from nude mice to intensively investigate the biological features and dynamic growth state of LSECs. OBJECTIVE: To establish a method to isolate and culture primary LSECs so as to indentify the purity and observe the biological characteristics of LSECs.   METHODS: Liver tissues were removed from nude mice under sterile condition and cut into species of 1 mm3. Then, the species were digested with type Ⅳ collagenase to generate single cells suspension at 37 ℃. Single cells were subsequently captured by CD146 microbeads linked to LSECs with magnetic activated cells sorting. Under an inverted microscope, LSECs samples were examined to make sure the cells homogeneity and expression of von-Willebrand factor by immunocytochemistry according to LESCs’ morphology and phenotype. In addition, apoptotic LESCs were labeled with Hochest33342 under a fluorescence microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The captured cells from liver tissues with CD146 microbeads were positive for von-Willebrand factor and more than 95% cells were confirmed to be endothelial cells. All the cells were free from Trypan blue staining and were verified to be in good vitality. Under the inverted microscope, the LSECs showed a monophasic cobblestone feature as other endothelial patterns, and most of LSECs displayed apoptosis of Hochest33342 staining after 3 weeks. This isolation method is easy and reliable to separate LSECs from the liver of nude mice with a high purity.   Wang HX, Deng YJ, Jiang Q, Tang N, Hu CT, Zhang JY, Ding YQ. Isolation, culture and identification of liver sinusoidal endothelial cells in nude mice. Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu. 2012;16(15): 2789-2792.     [http://www.crter.cn  http://en.zglckf.com] Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of two ways to culture human primary first-trimester trophoblast cells  Zhang Xiao-hong, Wang Hui-ling, Bai Jiang-tao, Li Yu-hong, Xu Qian 2012, 16 (15):  2793-2796.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.029 Abstract ( 270 )   PDF (400KB) ( 262 )   Save BACKGROUND: In vitro culture of human primary first-trimester trophoblast cells is the study basis for various diseases in pregnancy. Currently, it is a hotspot to obtain a large amount of high-purity trophoblast cells as well as to simplify the experimental procedure. OBJECTIVE: To explore a culture method to harvest high-purity human primary first-trimester trophoblast cells. METHODS: Normal chorionic villi (5-10 weeks) were obtained for primary culture of human primary first-trimester trophoblast cells using tissue-culture method and trypsin digestion combined with differential adhesion method. We observed the expression of cytokeratin and vimentin by immunohistochemistry to identify the purity of cultured trophoblast cells. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: These two methods could obtain human primary first-trimester trophoblast cells in triangular and polygonal shape. The positive expression of cytokeratin and negative expression of vimentin were found by immunohistochemistry. The purity of cultured cells using trypsin digestion combined with differential adhesion method was higher than that using tissue-culture method (P < 0.05). Trypsin digestion combined with differential adhesion method is a better method to culture human primary first-trimester trophoblast cells. Zhang XH, Wang HL, Bai JT, Li YH, Xu Q. Comparison of two ways to culture human primary first-trimester trophoblast cells. Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu. 2012;16(15): 2793-2796.     [http://www.crter.cn  http://en.zglckf.com] Related Articles | Metrics

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Signal pathway of amyloid precursor protein in neuronal cell injury induced by amyloid-beta peptide 1-42 Xing San-li, Chen Chuan, Shen Ding-zhu 2012, 16 (15):  2797-2800.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.030 Abstract ( 231 )   PDF (379KB) ( 334 )   Save BACKGROUND: Researches in recent years show that fibrillar amyloid-β peptide 1-42 can promote the accumulation of amyloid precursor protein in cell surface and lead to nerve injury. OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of amyloid precursor protein signal pathway in neuronal cell injury induced by amyloid-β peptide 1-42. METHODS: The cortical neurons were isolated from pregnant SD rats (17 to 18 days) and cultured. On the 7th day after cultivation, the neurons were incubated with 0 (normal control), 0.05, 0.5 and 5 mol/L fibrillar amyloid-β peptide 1-42 for 8 hours to construct cytotoxic model. Calcein content in the supernatant of neuron cell culture medium was determined by biochemical methods. The expression of amyloid precursor protein and Fe65 was detected by double-label immunofluorescence assays and western blotting. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the normal control group, the calcein releasing was significantly increased after incubation with different concentrations of fibrillar amyloid-β peptide 1-42 for 8 hours. The co-localization and expression of amyloid precursor protein and Fe65 increased according to western blotting and immunofluorescence, respectively. These findings indicate that fibrillar amyloid-β peptide 1-42 can induce toxic injury in primary cultured cortical neurons, and the amyloid precursor protein-Fe65 signal pathway may be one of the mechanisms of cytotoxic activity. Xing SL, Chen C, Shen DZ. Signal pathway of amyloid precursor protein in neuronal cell injury induced by amyloid-beta peptide 1-42. Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu. 2012;16(15): 2797-2800.     [http://www.crter.cn  http://en.zglckf.com] Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of strontium mineral water on the proliferation and adenosine-triphosphatase activity of human renal tubular epithelial cells Lin Yan1, Pan Qiang-wen1, Feng Zhi-qiang1, Li Zhu-hua1, Zhao Cheng-tao2, Ran Bing1 2012, 16 (15):  2801-2804.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.031 Abstract ( 258 )   PDF (344KB) ( 395 )   Save BACKGROUND: A certain concentration of strontium is beneficial for the human body. Strontium can affect the proliferation and enzyme activity of a variety of cells in the human body. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of strontium mineral waters with different concentrations on the proliferation and Na+-K+-adenosine-triphosphatase (Na+-K+-ATPase) activity of human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2 cells). METHODS: Human renal tubular epithelial cells were cultured in vitro. After cultured in a normal Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium (high glucose) for 24 hours, the cells were cultured in the conditioned medium containing 2, 4, 6, 8 mg/L strontium mineral waters and double distilled water. The proliferation of HK-2 cells was observed by 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo(-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide (MTT) assay at hours 48, 72, 96 and 110. The Na+-K+-ATPase activity of the cells cultured for 110 hours was judged by measuring the amount of inorganic phosphorus. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The results of MTT showed that 2 mg/L strontium mineral water could not affect the proliferation of HK-2 cells. When the cells were cultured for 110 hours, the cells in the double distilled water group were found growth inhibition, while the proliferation of the cells in the 6, 8, 10 mg/L strontium mineral water groups could still keep vigorous (P < 0.05). Moreover, the cell growth cycle was prolonged in the 6, 8, 10 mg/L strontium mineral water groups, especially in the 4 mg/L strontium mineral water group (P < 0.05). Compared with the double distilled water group, the Na+-K+-ATPase activity of strontium mineral waters groups was higher in the strontium mineral water groups (P < 0.05), especially in the 6 mg/L strontium mineral water group (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that the strontium mineral water with higher concentration can prolong proliferation cycle of renal tubular cells and promote the transport function of renal tubular cells. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of small interfering RNA down-regulated Cyclophilin-D protein expression against oxidative injury to endothelial cells Peng Jiang-zhou1, Yang Yan-qi2, Chen Ju2, Chen Bo-shen1, Xue Lei1 2012, 16 (15):  2805-2810.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.032 Abstract ( 266 )   PDF (605KB) ( 259 )   Save BACKGROUND: Cyclophilin-D protein in the mitochondrial matrix plays a special role in the process of mitochondrial damage. Correlation between Cyclophilin-D protein and vascular endothelial cell function, as well as Cyclophilin-D protein effects on atherosclerosis and vascular stenosis are still unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between Cyclophilin-D expression and oxidative stress damage to endothelial cells by small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated gene silencing. METHODS: ECV304 cells were cultured in phosphate buffered saline containing 500 μmol/L H2O2. siRNA silenced ppif gene was used to establish Cyclophilin-D deficiency models. The blank group was treated with phosphate buffered saline. Apoptotic rate of ECV304 cells was detected by flow cytometry; meanwhile, morphological changes were observed by electron microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The apoptotic rate of ECV304 cells was (32.51±6.6)% in the Cyclophilin-D deficiency group, significantly lower than (52.57±5.84)% in the H2O2 group (P=0.001). The electron microscope results showed that the number of apoptotic cells in the Cyclophilin-D deficiency group was decreased significantly as compared with the H2O2 group, and the morphological changes in the former group were slighter that were characterized as early apoptosis. Cyclophilin-D is a key protein to vascular endothelial cells against oxidative stress injury. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of pelagi-margarita extract on proliferation and apoptosis of human cervical carcinoma Hela cells   Chen Jian-kun1, Chen Chao2, Liu Chao-qi3 2012, 16 (15):  2811-2814.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.033 Abstract ( 251 )   PDF (315KB) ( 277 )   Save BACKGROUND: Pelagi-margarita extract is rich in germanium, selenium and other trace elements. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of pelagi-margarita extract on proliferation and apoptosis in human cervical carcinoma Hela cells. METHODS: MTT method was used to detect the effects of different concentrations of pelagi-margarita extract on proliferation and apoptosis in cervical carcinoma Hela cells. The pelagi-margarita extract concentrations were 0, 6, 30, 45, 60, 75 and      150 mg/L. Cell apoptosis rates were detected by flow cytometry using Annexin V/Propidium Iodide double staining after treated with 0, 6, 30 and 60 mg/L pelagi-margarita extracts. Then the cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry using PI staining. Expression of intracellular bcl-2 and bax mRNA was analyzed by reverse transcription-PCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Pelagi-margarita extract with the concentration from 6 to 45 mg/L inhibited the Hela cell proliferation in a dose-and time-dependent manner (P < 0. 05). Pelagi-margarita extract with the concentration of 60 to 150 mg/L inhibited the Hela cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0. 05), and the inhibition was time-independent. Pelagi-margarita extract with the concentration from 6 to 60 mg/L promoted Hela cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. Cell cycle arrested in the G1 phase. Pelagi-margarita extract with the concentration of 30 and 60 mg/L decreased intracellular bcl-2 mRNA expression and increased bax mRNA expression. These findings indicate that Pelagi-margarita extract inhibits Hela cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, and induces Hela cell apoptosis by down-regulating bcl-2 mRNA expression and up-regulating bax mRNA expression. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of quercetin on monosodium urate crystal-induced acute in?ammation in gouty arthritis rats  Huang Jing-qun1, Sun Wen-juan2, Wang Si-wang1, Zhu Miao-zhang3, Li Shu-ye1 2012, 16 (15):  2815-2819.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.034 Abstract ( 268 )   PDF (456KB) ( 462 )   Save BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that flavonoid quercetin has biological properties including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and apoptosis-inducing activities. But its effect on monosodium urate crystal-induced in?ammation in the rats required further investigation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of quercetin on monosodium urate crystal-induced acute in?ammation in the rats model. METHODS: Totally 72 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups. Quercetin (100, 200, 400 mg/kg) and indomethacin (3.0 mg/kg) or equivalent distilled water was given orally once a day for 7 consecutive days throughout the experiment (model group and control group). At the 5th day, gouty arthritis model was established by intra-articular injection of 100 µL (3.0 mg) of monosodium urate crystal suspension inside the ankle joint of the right hind limb at 1 hour after administration. Control group was without modeling. The in?ammation was quanti?ed by measuring the circumference of the joint with a tie line method. At the 7th day, the rats were killed for sampling at 1 hour after administration. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The present study found that quercetin had a marked inhibitory effect on edema in the experimental gouty arthritis in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.01), and improved the evolution of the histological signs of acute inflammation in the monosodium urate crystal arthritis in rats. In addition, the quercetin appeared to suppress neutrophil recruitment, interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, cyclooxygenase-2 and nitric oxide by suppressing monosodium urate crystal-induced chemokine production (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The suppression effect was equal to indomethacin. It is clearly indicated that quercetin exerts a strong anti-in?ammatory effect and can be regarded as a useful tool for the treatment of acute gouty arthritis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of three methods for preparing DNA sequencing templates  Qin Chuan1, Zhang Jun-he2, Robert A. Mcknight3○, Liu Shi-guo1 2012, 16 (15):  2820-2822.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.035 Abstract ( 262 )   PDF (269KB) ( 317 )   Save BACKGROUND: The quality of DNA templates plays a crucial role in DNA sequencing. OBJECTIVE: To provide an economical, simple method for genomic DNA sequencing and methylated DNA sequencing. METHODS: Plasmid extraction was performed using NucleoSpin multi-96 plus plasmid kit and edgebio kit SeqPrep™ 96 HP plasmid prep system, respectively. Primer pairs containing target fragments were designed for the plasmids. PCR products were purified after amplification. DNA sequencing templates were prepared by the three methods above. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference in the genomic DNA sequencing results between the three methods used in the experiment (P > 0.05). As for the methylated DNA sequencing, the NucleosPin multi-96 plus plasmid kit was better than the other two methods (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the three methods are suitable for genomic DNA sequencing, while the NucleosPin multi-96 plus plasmid kit is more situable for the methylated DNA sequencing.   Related Articles | Metrics

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Hindlimb suspension affects the expression and distribution of Dystrophin in rat soleus and serum lactate dehydrogenase activity   Ma Le-ping1, Dai Zhong-quan2, Wu Feng2, Wang Hong-hui2, Cao Hong-qing2, Wan Yu-min2, Liu Hong-yu1, Li Ying-hui2 2012, 16 (15):  2823-2826.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.036 Abstract ( 271 )   PDF (293KB) ( 296 )   Save BACKGROUND: Dystrophin is the most prone to change in sports injuries.  OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of simulated weightlessness on the Dystrophin expression and distribution in the soleus muscle, as well as the activity changes of lactate dehydrogenase in serum. METHODS: A rat hindlimb suspension model was used to simulate weightlessness effect. After 1, 4, 7, 10 and 14 days of hindlimb suspension, the soleus and serum were isolated from SD rats for parameter examination. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: With the prolonged hindlimb suspension, muscle fiber cross-sectional area decreased and immunofluorescence results showed that Dystrophin expression exhibited a diffuse distribution trend, even appeared with disrupted distribution on the sarcolemma. Quantitative PCR results showed that the hindlimb suspension resulted in reduced expression of Dystrophin mRNA. Lactate dehydrogenase activity during 7-day hindlimb suspension appeared with a significant increase. Muscle atrophy induced by hindlimb suspension is accompanied with diffusion of Dystrophin distribution and decreased expression of Dystrophin mRNA. Activity changes of lactate dehydrogenase indicate that muscular atrophy may be associated with muscle injury. Related Articles | Metrics

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Indirect speculation method for muscle fiber types  Liu Rui-lian1, Liu Fu-shun2 2012, 16 (15):  2827-2830.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.037 Abstract ( 274 )   PDF (209KB) ( 372 )   Save BACKGROUND: Because of easy to cause injury and high cost, the biopsy technique and electromyography image analysis are unsuitable for muscle fiber type determination, respectively. OBJECTIVE: To establish a simple method to calculate the composition percentage of human slow muscle fiber types. METHODS: Totally 180 male students from College of Physical Education, Yichun University were enrolled as subjects. The test subjects underwent electromyography test and some related indicators examination. All the data were regressively analyzed for statistical analysis. The results were spread and verified in students from the College of Physical Education, Guangxi Normal University at the same age. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The time for static isometric knee extension, the number of push-ups, 1 500 m run time, and the absolute value of maximal oxygen uptake were closely correlated with electromyography indicators and slow muscle fibers composition. Then, a simple ternary regression equation of composition percentage of slow muscle fibers was calculated using regression analysis and curve analysis male students majored in physical education. The verification of this equation was satisfactory in the male students from the College of Physical Education, Guangxi Normal University at the same age. These findings indicate that this equation can be used to calculate the composition percentage of slow muscle fibers.   Related Articles | Metrics

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Mutation effect of alternariol on DNA polymerase beta in NIH/3T3 cell line Zhu Han, Fan Hong-kun, Zhang Qian 2012, 16 (15):  2831-2834.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.038 Abstract ( 199 )   PDF (478KB) ( 256 )   Save BACKGROUND: The mutation of DNA polymerase β (DNA pol β) has been found in esophageal carcinoma cells. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effect of alternariol on the sequence of DNA pol β in NIH/3T3 cell line and to study the mutation mechanism of alternariol METHODS: The NIH/3T3 cell line was injected with different concentrations of alternariol (2, 4, 6, 8 μmol/L) and the control group was set. DNA pol β gene was amplified from the total RNA of the cells using reverse transcription-PCR, then cloned with pGEM-T vector and sequenced with T-A cloning technique, and the sequence was analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The sequence of DNA pol β was not changed in 2 μmol/L alternariol group, and there was one mutation point in 4 μmol/L alternariol group and two mutation points in 8 and 16 μmol/L alternariol group. There was a same mutation point in these three groups. Alternariol can induce point mutation of DNA pol β gene in NIH/3T3 cell line. Higher concentration of alternariol, more points of DNA pol β gene mutation. The active mutation point exists.   Related Articles | Metrics

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Vascular endothelial growth factor in bone healing: Data analysis based on SCI database Chen Jian-bo 2012, 16 (15):  2835-2842.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.039 Abstract ( 230 )   PDF (431KB) ( 261 )   Save BACKGROUND: Vascular endothelial growth factor plays an important role in bone healing. OBJECTIVE: To provide the valuable bibliometric analytical data addressing the effects of vascular endothelial growth factor on bone healing. DESIGN: Bibliometric data analysis based on Science citation index (SCI) database within 10 years. DATA RETRIEVAL: ①A search of related literatures was performed in SCI database using the key words of “vascular endothelial growth factor/VEGF, fracture, healing”. ②The data were analyzed. ③The data were output into pictures and tables to describe the results. SELECTION CRITERIA: Original researches, reviews and conference proceedings were selected. Letters, editorials, proofreading, essays, short messaging and unpublished articles were excluded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: ①Numbers of the literatures; ②Publication year of the documents; ③Distribution of the countries; ④Distribution of the institutions; ⑤Document types; ⑥Analysis of source journals; ⑦Analysis of citation frequency. RESULTS: A total of 180 papers associated with vascular endothelial growth factor in bone healing in SCI database were searched from January 2002 to December 2011, containing 158 articles and 22 other types of documents. Nine of the articles were cited more than 50 times and considered to be the classic references. Overall, the number of papers was gradually increasing. The Bone published the most papers (n=21, 11.67%), followed by Journal of Bone and Mineral Research (n=13).  CONCLUSION: Vascular endothelial growth factor in bone healing is the hot spot in recent years. Researches of China in this field are gradually mature and have an important position, and China is important in the number of literature in international database. Related Articles | Metrics

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双膦酸盐类药物相关性颌骨坏死病例报告及最新进展文献复习*☆ Yu Kai-tao1, Zou Jing-cai1, Huang Hong-yan2, Ge Cheng1, Long Guo-ping1, Zhang Yu1, Chu Xiao-yang1 2012, 16 (15):  2843-2847.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.040 Abstract ( 265 )   PDF (507KB) ( 641 )   Save BACKGROUND: Bisphosphonate is a potent osteoclast inhibitor that produces clinical therapeutic effect by inhibiting osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. Bisphosphonate is widely used in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, metabolic bone disease, multiple myeloma, hypercalcemia and cancer bone metastases-related bone disease. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical diagnosis and treatment of bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaws. METHODS: The Chinese Biomedical Literature Database and Medline database 2003/2011 were searched to retrieve reviews and articles about bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaws to investigate and analyze its pathogenesis and clinical manifestation as well as its prevention and treatment. Based on patient’s history, laboratory examinations and specialist examination, one breast cancer patient with bone metastases was confirmed as having bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaws. This patient was cured following surgical-based treatments, and clinical results were satisfactory. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 15 articles related to bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis of the jaws were included. Bisphosphonates can inhibit osteoclasts, and reduce tumor cell-induced osteolytic bone metastases. In normal bone tissue, osteoblasts and osteoclasts maintain a homeostasis, but in the process of oral therapy, bisphosphonates inhibit the activity of osteoclasts in mandibular lesions, so that the pathophysiology process of bone remodeling cannot be completed. In addition, the repair for the jaw, especially the repair of alveolar bone in the alveolar surgery, cannot be done causing prolonged healing of the infection. Related Articles | Metrics

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Blood brain barrier injury in animal models after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion  Zhang Yu-ling, Cai Wen-jie 2012, 16 (15):  2848-2850.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.15.041 Abstract ( 329 )   PDF (352KB) ( 643 )   Save BACKGROUND: Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion results in the breakdown on blood brain barrier, leading to cerebral hemorrhage, brain edema and the aggravated damage of brain tissue. OBJECTIVE: To summarize and analyze the effects of associated molecules on the blood-brain barrier damage in animal models after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. METHODS: A computer-based online search of PubMed (2001-01/2011-12) and CNKI (2006-01/2011-12) was performed for related articles with the keywords of “cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, blood brain barrier permeability” in English and Chinese, respectively. Researches on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and blood brain barrier permeability were included. Repetitive studies were excluded. A total of 17 articles were retained. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The molecules associated with blood brain barrier after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury were summarized from many aspects, such as inflammatory infiltration, matrix metalloproteinases hydrolysis and aquaporin opening. The blood-brain barrier function is regulated by many factors and many links. The 3-hour time window of the blood brain barrier opening after cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury is crucial for the emergency treatment of ischemic penumbra. The later repairing effect of matrix metalloproteinase may provide basis for the drug innovation. Related Articles | Metrics