Table of Content

02 September 2012, Volume 16 Issue 36 Previous Issue    Next Issue

For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Reference Manager ProCite BibTeX RefWorks

Toggle Thumbnails

Select

Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and bone morphogenetic protein 2 during osteogenic induction of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells Liu Tang, Zhang Xiang-Sheng, Zhang Qing, Lei Ting, Xiong Guang-zhong 2012, 16 (36):  6651-6657.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.001 Abstract ( 236 )   PDF (593KB) ( 460 )   Save BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that vascular endothelial growth factor can promote endothelial cell proliferation, differentiation and migration, but the reports describing how the vascular endothelial cell growth factor and bone morphogenetic protein 2 express in the cells differentiated from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are rare. OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and bone morphogenetic protein 2 during osteogenic induction of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS: Passage 3 New Zealand white rabbits were used for bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells extraction. The cells were divided into two groups at 1 day after extraction: the culture medium was not changed in the control group; the induction group was induced with osteogenic medium, and flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of cell surface antigen. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and bone morphogenetic protein 2 during osteogenic induction. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: During osteogenic induction of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, cell morphology was gradually changed from a long fusiform to short fusiform and polygonal, and finally stacked into colony growth. During the induction process, alkaline phosphatase content was gradually increased in the induction group, and there was a significant difference when compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Positive immunocytochemical staining of type Ⅰ collagen, osteocalcin and calcium node could be seen at 7, 14 and 21 days respectively. RT-PCR and Western blot showed that vascular endothelial growth factor and bone morphogenetic protein 2 were expressed in two groups, and there was significant difference at 7, 14 and 21 days after induction (P < 0.05). The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and bone morphogenetic protein 2 peaked at 7 days after osteogenic induction of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The method of isolation and culture of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells is simple and feasible. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can be induced to differentiate into osteoblasts with strong growth and proliferation abilities. During osteogenic induction of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, vascular endothelial growth factor and bone morphogenetic protein 2 expression first increased and then decreased. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor may play a role in promoting angiogenesis. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

In vitro differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells from tail-suspended rats and expression of related factors Rong Jian-min, Lü Zhi-wei, Pi Jun-jie, Fei Le-xue 2012, 16 (36):  6658-6662.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.002 Abstract ( 274 )   PDF (440KB) ( 447 )   Save BACKGROUND: Simulated weightlessness by tail-suspension can induce bone loss, and the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells directly influence the balance of bone metabolism at the cellular level in the bone marrow cavity, and finally change the bone quality. OBJECTIVE: To study the osteogenetic and adipocytic differentiation ability of bone marrow stromal cells from tail-suspended rats and the expression of related factors. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups: control group and tail-suspended group. The bone marrow stromal cells were harvested and cultured in vitro, and induced to osteogenetic or adipocytic differentiation after the first passage. In the osteogenetic differentiation group, the alkaline phosphatase staining was performed on day 16. On day 28, the mineralization of the extracellular matrix was measured, and the mRNA expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 was detected by real-time PCR. In the adipocytic differentiation group, the lipoprotein lipase activity and mRNA expression were detected on day 21, and on day 30, oil red O staining was performed to detect the lipid droplets. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the early stage of osteogenetic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells, the expression of alkaline phosphatase-positive cells in the tail-suspended group was significantly higher than that in the control group. But in the late stage of osteogenetic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells, the mRNA expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and the extracellular matrix mineralization in the tail-suspended group was significantly lower than those in the control group. During the process of adipocytic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells from tail-suspended rats, the mRNA expression and the activity of lipoprotein lipase as well as the ability of lipid droplets producing in tail-suspended group were significantly higher than those in the control group. Tail suspension could stimulate the osteogenetic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells at the early stage, but it could significantly suppress other mineralizations and inhibit the osteogenetic differentiation. The mechanism might relate to the mRNA expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2. Tail suspension could promote the adipocytic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells. The loss of the bone quality occurred in tail-suspended rat partially due to its effects on the differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Culture of bone marrow meenchymal stem cells from a rabbit model of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head Zheng Song-wen, Wang Nan, Wang Yan, Liu Yang, Jiang Yuan, Dong Yue 2012, 16 (36):  6663-6668.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.003 Abstract ( 288 )   PDF (581KB) ( 284 )   Save BACKGROUND: Autologous stem cell transplantation has become the main emphasis in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine research. In vitro culture of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for autologous bone marrow transplantation in a rabbit model of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head has been rarely reported. OBJECTIVE: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from a rabbit model of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head were isolated for in vitro proliferation and phenotype identification. METHODS: Ten adult big-ear rabbits were divided into two groups. In the control group, two rabbits received no drugs. In the model group, eight rabbits were prepared into model of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head by intravascular administration of 8 mg/kg methylprednisolone twice a week. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were in vitro isolated and cultured. Surface antigen CD29, CD34 and CD44 expression of passage 4 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: MR perfusion-weighted imaging and pathological sections results showed that after treatment with a large amount of steroid, rabbit models of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head had been successfully prepared. In the model group, within 4 hours after steroid application, only a few primary bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells adhered to the culture flask wall, and at 12 days, cells covered 85%-90%of flask bottom; passage 4 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells grew in a typical “S” shape, and they reached a peak growth pattern, which was similar to the growth curve of the control group. Flow cytometry showed that passage 4 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were negative for CD34 expression and positive for CD29 and CD44 expression, indicating that the cultured cells were very pure bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. These findings suggest that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of rabbit models of steroid-induced avascular necrosis of femoral head show strong growing and proliferative capability and can be used for stem cells labeling and further autologous transplantation therapy. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Uric acid inhibits adipogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells Zhu Xiao-lin, Xu Li-li, Yang Nai-long 2012, 16 (36):  6669-6673.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.004 Abstract ( 282 )   PDF (511KB) ( 460 )   Save BACKGROUND: Studies have demonstrated that some drugs can influence the osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of uric acid on adipogenic differentiation of human BMSCs (hBMSCs). METHODS: BMSCs were isolated and cultured using the whole bone marrow culture method. Under the adipogenic differentiation condition, BMSCs were exposed to five experimental concentrations of uric acid (0 mmol/L(control group), 0.1 mmol/L, 0.2 mmol/L, 0.4 mmol/L, 0.8mmol/L) for 14 days and 21 days. BMSCs were quantitated under phase-contrast inverted microscope after oil red O staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After 14-days treatment with uric acid in adipogenic medium, BMSCs with positive oil red O staining significantly decreased compared to the control group (P < 0.05) and the inhibitory effect was more apparent as the increase in concentration of uric acid (P < 0.05). The inhibitory effect of uric acid on adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs was more significantly at 21 days than at 14 days (P < 0.05). The inhibitory effect also increased more significantly with increasing concentration of uric acid (P < 0.05). The result reveals that uric acid inhibits the adipogenic differentiation of BMSCs in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of lovastatin on bone mass and the differentiation and proliferation of bone marrow stromal cells in tail-suspended rats Cao Guo-long, Wang Tian-bing 2012, 16 (36):  6674-6678.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.005 Abstract ( 352 )   PDF (395KB) ( 312 )   Save BACKGROUND: Many clinical and basic studies have demonstrated that statins has osteogenic potential. However, whether statin can promote bone formation in vivo has not been fully confirmed. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of lovastatin on bone mass and the differentiation and proliferation of bone marrow stromal cells in tail-suspended rats, and the protective effect of lovastatin on weightlessness-induced osteoporosis. METHODS: Eighteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group, the tail-suspended group and tail-suspended combined with administration group. The rats in the control group and tail-suspended group were orally administered distilled water per day; rats in the tail-suspended combined with administration group were orally administered 20 mg/kg lovastatin per day; the rats in the two tail-suspended groups were subjected to tail-suspension by making the hindlimbs away from the ground and all animals were sacrificed 4 weeks later. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The bone mineral density, bone volume/trabecular volume and the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 mRNA in two tail-suspended groups were significantly lower than those in the control group, while the trabecular separation, percentage of bone resorption perimeter, osteoclast number, percentage of osteoid perimeter and the activity and mRNA expression levels of alkaline phosphatase in the two tail-suspended groups were significantly higher than those in the control group. There was no significant difference in the proliferation of bone marrow stromal cells between every two groups. The rats with tail suspension for 4 weeks showed markedly decreased bone loss. Lovastatin administration in vivo could not prevent tail suspension-induced bone loss, but the ability of osteoblastic differentiation at early phase was increased in tail-suspended rats either with or without lovastatin treatment. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effect of recombinant adeno-associated virus transforming growth factor-beta 1 on the infection activity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells Huang Xiang-hui, Ling Ming, Liu Shi-zhang, Chang Yan-hai, Dong Xiang-hui, Tian Xin 2012, 16 (36):  6679-6684.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.006 Abstract ( 286 )   PDF (510KB) ( 320 )   Save BACKGROUND: The commonly used genetic carrier has a certain shortcoming, such as cannot be used directly in vivo, and using recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) as a vector carrying transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) to improve cartilage renovation has not been reported. OBJECTIVE: To construct recombinant adeno-associated virus expressing TGF-β1, and assess the virus titer, and to identify the effect of recombinant adeno-associated virus on the infection activity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS: The TGF-β1 gene was amplified by PCR and directly cloned into the plasmid pAAV-TGF-β1-hrgreen fluorescent protein. The recombinant pAAV-TGF-β1-GFP was co-transfected into AAV-293 cells with pAAV-RC and pAAV-Helper for AAV-2 replication and packaging through homologous recombination. The virus titer was measured through infecting AAV-HT1080, and the recombinant virus was verified by PCR of the exogenous interest gene. Through infecting rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro, the infection efficiency and activity was detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The TGF-β1 gene was successfully amplified and recombinant pAAV- TGF-β1- IRES-GFP was verified by double digestion and there was a 1.3 Kb target strap in accordance with TGF-β1. The system provided a high packing ratio and the purified recombinant virus has a high titer of 5.2×1011 v.g/mL. The recombinant virus was confirmed by exogenous human VEGF165 gene PCR. The rAAV-TGF-β1 -GFP could infect rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells at a ratio of 42% and express green fluorescence under fluorescent microscope. The rAAV-TGF-β1-GFP was successfully constructed with a satisfying biological ability of infecting bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, which may offer the basement of gene therapy for cartilage repairation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Multiple differentiation potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells isolated and cultured by whole bone marrow adherence method Zhang Jun-hong, Jiang Hai-xing, Qin Shan-yu, Meng Yun-chao, Ning Lin 2012, 16 (36):  6685-6689.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.007 Abstract ( 277 )   PDF (476KB) ( 417 )   Save BACKGROUND: Isolation and culture of highly purified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are the premise to study their function. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biological characteristics of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells isolated and cultured by whole bone marrow adherence method. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 80-100 g were selected, and the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from Sprague-Dawley rats by whole bone marrow adherence method. During isolation, the time period from sacrificing to putting the cell suspension into the incubator should be controlled strictly, generally less than 40 minutes. Moderate intensity was preferred to flush the bone marrow cavity with basal culture medium, and rotation for several times could make the bone marrow cells fully dropped off and ensure the quantity of cells. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The primary cultured bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were the adherent fibroblast-like cells, and after passage, the cells were uniform and showed spindle shaped and typical swirl morphology. The growth curve of passage 3 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells resembled S shape and had three periods: latent period, logarithmic growth phase and lag phase. Flow cytometry detection showed the content of surface antigen: CD29+ (99.45%), CD34+ (1.45%), CD44+ (99.52%), CD45+ (1.41%). After osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation, mineralized nodules were orange under alizarin red staining, and lipid droplets were red under oil red O staining. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have the multiple differentiation potential and can differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes. The multiple differentiation potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells corresponds to the minimum standards for identifying the animal bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells raised by International Society of Cell Therapy and Mesenchymal and Tissue Stem Cells Committee. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Labeling human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells with superparamagnetic iron oxide and tracking in vivo with MRI after implantation Wang Geng-yin, Liu Su-rui, Zhao Chun-sheng, Gao Yu-hua, Du Yu-ping, Zhao Liang, Li Zhen-qi, Li Jun-xia 2012, 16 (36):  6690-6695.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.008 Abstract ( 345 )   PDF (599KB) ( 304 )   Save BACKGROUND: Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging shows unique advantage in cell tracking in vivo due to its long effective image displaying, high spatial and time resolution and good contrast. OBJECTIVE: To investigate an appropriate concentration of superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) that can be used to label human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, and to tract in vivo the labeled stem cells in canine with acute myocardial infarction by magnetic resonance imaging system. METHODS: Fresh human umbilical cords were obtained from full-term birth in sterile condition. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) from Wharton's Jelly were isolated and cultured. Passage 3 UC-MSCs were labeled with different concentrations of SPIO. Myocardial infarction was induced in an open chest canine model by artery occlusion and confirmed by electrocardiogram and histopathological findings. The UC-MSCs labeled or unlabeled with SPIO were transplanted into canines (experimental group, n=8; control group, n=4). Serial magnetic resonance imaging was performed before and 7, 28 days after transplantation. Histopathological observation was performed at 14 and 28 days. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Over 90% of isolated UC-MSCs expressed CD29, CD44, and CD105 but not the hematopoietic lineage markers (CD34, CD45). Nearly 100% of UC-MSCs could be effectively labeled by SPIO at a concentration of 14-84 mg/L without influences on cell proliferation and activity. Electrocardiogram and histopathological detection suggested that myocardial infarction was successfully induced. Remarkable low signal change was clearly observed in the transplanted location through magnetic resonance imaging and paralleled in the same direction with myocardial cells. Therefore, the UC-MSCs can be effectively labeled by SPIO at a concentration of 14-84 mg/L, and the labeled UC-MSCs can also be monitored in vivo by magnetic resonance imaging after transplantation. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Establishment and characterization of human embryonic stem cell line of klinefelter syndrome Ke Qiong, Huang Min-zhen, Li Wei-qiang, Wang Tao, Xiang Peng 2012, 16 (36):  6696-6701.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.009 Abstract ( 347 )   PDF (601KB) ( 390 )   Save BACKGROUND: Klinefelter syndrome is the most common sex chromosome abnormality. The mechanism of this disease and the variation of chromosome are still unknown. OBJECTIVE: To establish human embryonic stem cell line of Klinefelter syndrome and to identify whether the cells are characterized as normal embryonic stem cells. METHODS: Blastulas were cultured to the blastocyst stage and inner cell mass was isolated by immunosurgery. Inner cell mass was then plated on irradiated feeder layer and a stable human embryonic stem cell line was established. Giemsa staining was performed for karyotype analysis. The characteristics of human embryonic stem cell line were analyzed by detection of pluripotent marker expression and differentiation capacity in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: One human embryonic stem cell line (karyotype: 47, XXY) was obtained from five embryos. The cells expressed alkaline phosphatase, Nanog, Oct4, SSEA-4, Sox2, TRA-1-60 and were able to differentiate into cell types of three germ layers. Human embryonic stem cell line of Klinefelter syndrome was successfully established and provides a valuable model for studying Klinefelter syndrome and functions of sex chromosome. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Transplantation of allogenetic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of severe acute pancreatitis induced lung injury in rats Sheng Min, Chen Zhi-yao, Huang He-guang, Wang Feng, Jin Shan-feng 2012, 16 (36):  6702-6709.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.010 Abstract ( 262 )   PDF (884KB) ( 529 )   Save BACKGROUND: There are many studies describing transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of various inflammatory diseases. But few studies are reported on intervention of injury of organs related to severe acute pancreatitis. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of allogenetic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transplantation on severe acute pancreatitis associated lung injury in rats. METHODS: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were harvested by whole bone marrow adherence method. In the sham-operated group (n=32), SD rats received only light and soft tipping of pancreatic gland. In the model group (n=68), SD rats were prepared into severe acute pancreatitis models and randomly subdivided into an intervention subgroup and control subgroup. Four time points were designated for each subgroup. In the intervention subgroup, 1×109/L bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells suspension was injected via the tail vein; while in the control subgroup, equal amount of physiological saline was injected. In each subgroup, one rat per time point was selected for cell tracing by CM-Dil injection. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Retrograde cholangiopancereatography injection molding can induce severe acute pancreatitis and associated lung injury during the early stage. Inflammatory factor and E-selectin expression was significantly increased and pancreatic gland and lung injury was aggravated with prolonged time. After labeling, red fluorescence appeared in the lung tissue and increased with prolonged time. At each time point, lung injury was alleviated, serum amylase and tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 1β expression was decreased in the intervention subgroup compared with the control subgroup. E-selectin expression in the intervention subgroup was significantly decreased than that in the control subgroup. Transplantation of allogenetic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can effectively alleviate severe acute pancreatitis associated lung injury. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transplantation on fibrosis in severe chronic hepatic injury induced by diethylnitrosamine Ji Wei-zheng, Wang Wen-ran, Song Hao, Wen Hao 2012, 16 (36):  6710-6716.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.011 Abstract ( 250 )   PDF (602KB) ( 334 )   Save BACKGROUND: Many studies have shown that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells could improve liver fibrosis. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on fibrosis in chronic hepatic injury induced by diethylnitrosamine. METHODS: Twenty female Wistar rats were used to establish the model with chronic hepatic injury induced by diethylnitrosamine, and then the models were randomly divided into two groups. Rats in the mesenchymal stem cells group (n=10) received 1×106/mL male bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells injection through caudal vein at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks, and the rats in the model group received equal volume of saline injection. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 20 weeks after chronic hepatic injury, sex-determining region of Y-chromosome was detected in mesenchymal stem cells group but not in model group. It indicated that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were successfully transplanted in mesenchymal stem cells group, and survived. MRI showed that a large number of regenerative nodules could be seen in mesenchymal stem cells group. Comparred with model group, the number of regenerative nodules, fibrosis score, α-smooth muscle actin and percentage of collagen area were increased in mesenchymal stem cells group (P < 0.05). Under our experimental conditions, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in systemic circulation leads to their engraftment into liver tissue and promotes fibrosis in rat model of severe chronic liver injury induced by diethylnitrosamine. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Intravenous transplantation of human amniotic epithelial cells for treatment of myocardial infarction in rats Wang Yu-ying, Fang Ning, Chen Dai-xiong, Yu Li-mei, Zhang Tao, Zhao Chun-hua 2012, 16 (36):  6717-6723.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.012 Abstract ( 221 )   PDF (839KB) ( 343 )   Save BACKGROUND: Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) could differentiate into cardiomyocyte-like cells in vitro and may be candidate cells for cellular cardiomyoplasty. Whether they can differentiate into cardiomyocytes in myocardial infarction is needed to investigate. OBJECTIVE: To observe the survival and differentiation of hAECs post-transplantation in the myocardial infarction (MI) zone, as well as the influence on ventricular remodeling and cardiac function. METHODS: MI models were made by left anterior descending artery ligation in male SD rats (200±20) g, and then divided into hAECs transplanted group (n=12), model group (n=12) and sham operation group (n=12). The hAECs were isolated from human amnion using trypsin digestion method, and then its phenotype was identified by flow cytometry and immunohistochemical staining. After 7 days of MI, the BrdU labeled hAECs (0.4 mL, 2×106 cells) were injected into rats through the sublingual vein. At different times after transplantation, echocardiogram, histopathology, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were performed to observe the survival and differentiation of hAECs in the MI area, as well as the influence on ventricular remodeling and cardiac function. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Freshly isolated hAECs highly expressed CD29, CD166, CD73 and CK19. At 6 weeks after hAECs transplantation, cardiac-specific protein connexin-43, α-actinin and desmin positive cells were detected in the MI region of rats. The left ventricular fibrosis was significantly milder in the hAECs transplanted group than in the model group. The left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular fractional shortening, left ventricular anterolateral wall thickness at diastole, and left ventricular anterolateral wall thickness at systole were significantly greater in the hAECs transplanted group than in the model group (P < 0.01). hAECs can differentiate into cardiomyocytes in MI area of rats, retard left ventricular remodeling and improve cardiac function, suggesting that hAECs may have the potential for treating clinical MI. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Intravenous transplantation of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1-transfected bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of ischemic cardiomyopathy Yi Hai-bo, Liu Jun, Jiang Li-hua 2012, 16 (36):  6724-6729.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.013 Abstract ( 228 )   PDF (538KB) ( 430 )   Save BACKGROUND: Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) can decrease the invasion of stem cells by inhibiting metalloproteinase activity and thereby increase the number of homing stem cells. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether intravenously injected bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can improve cardiac function in a rat myocardial infarction model. METHODS: Myocardial infarction model was induced by occluding the anterior descending coronary artery in 56 SD rats. One week later, myocardial infarction models were assigned to four groups. Rats in the control, BMSCs, green fluorescent protein-BMSCs and TIMP-1- shRNA-BMSCs groups received DMEM, DMEM containing 1×107 BMSCs, DMEM containing 1×107 BMSCs transfected with green fluorescent protein gene lentiviral empty vector and DMEM containing 1×107 BMSCs transfected with TIMP-1-shRNA, respectively via the tail vein. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After myocardial infarction induction, cardiac function was damaged and myocardial contractibility was decreased in each group. After treatment for 4 weeks, cardiac function improved to different extents. Compared with control group, rat myocardial contractibility was significantly increased (P < 0.05), myocardial infarction area was significantly reduced (P < 0.05), capillary density in the infarct area was significantly increased (P < 0.05) in the BMSCs, green fluorescent protein-BMSCs and TIMP-1- shRNA-BMSCs groups, and the improvement was better in the TIMP-1- shRNA-BMSCs group than in the BMSCs and green fluorescent protein-BMSCs groups (P < 0.05). These results suggest that transplantation of BMSCs transfected by TIMP-1 gene can greatly improve rat myocardial function and thereforecon be used for treatment of ischemic cardiomyopathy. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 1 beta in spinal cord injury rats undergoing intravenous transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells Dong Feng, Li Jian-hua, Wu Zhao-yang 2012, 16 (36):  6730-6735.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.014 Abstract ( 267 )   PDF (541KB) ( 364 )   Save BACKGROUND: Evidence exists that nutrition of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells plays an important role in the treatment of spinal cord injury. The interaction between bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and damaged host nerve tissue can reduce the expression of inflammatory cytokines which is conductive to injury recovery. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of intravenous transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin 1β after spinal cord injury in rats. METHODS: The T10 paraplegia model of rat spinal cord injury was prepared using modified Allen. The experiment was divided into control group and transplantation group. The sham operation group with no spinal cord injury was designated. The transplantation group and sham operation group were given intravenous administration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, the same concentration of PBS was intravenously injected into the control group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Expression of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin 1β protein in the transplantation group and control group was higher than that in the sham operation group (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin 1β protein in the transplantation group was significantly inhibited (P < 0.05). Intravenous transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells could reduce the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin 1β in the injured area of spinal cord. Maybe it was one of the mechanisms to change the microenvironment of the injured area, decrease the secondary spinal cord injury and promote the recovery of motor function in spinal cord injury rats. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effect of erythropoietin on survival and migration of neural stem cells transplanted into injured spinal cord of rats Wang Zhong-wei, Guan Qing-kai, Zhou Wen-ke, Zhang Xin-zhong, Xu Da-wei 2012, 16 (36):  6736-6740.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.015 Abstract ( 253 )   PDF (429KB) ( 348 )   Save BACKGROUND: How to promote the survival and migration of the neural stem cells transplanted into the injured spinal cord is the focus of the research on nerve repair. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of erythropoietin on the survival, proliferation and migration of neural stem cells transplanted into spinal cord injury rats. METHODS: Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: spinal cord injury group, neural stem cells group and erythropoietin group. All the rats were used to make the spinal cord injury model. 7 μL(1×109/L) BrdU labeled neural stem cells were transplanted into the spinal cord lesion area of rats in neural stem cells group and erythropoietin group at 7 days after modeling, and DMEM/F12 medium was transplanted into the spinal cord injury group; erythropoietin group was intraperitoneally injected with 5 000 U/kg erythropoietin, once per day and continuously injected for 7 days, the neural stem cells group and spinal cord injury group were injected with normal saline in the same dose. The spinal cord injury tissues were observed at 8 weeks after cell transplantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 2 weeks after modeling, the Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan score in neural stem cells group and erythropoietin group was significantly higher than that in the spinal cord injury group (P < 0.05); at 4 weeks after modeling, the Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan score in the erythropoietin group was significantly higher than that in the neural stem cells group (P < 0.05). Immunofluorescence staining showed that the number of BrdU-positive cell and the migration distance of transplanted neural stem cells in the erythropoietin group were significantly higher than those in the neural stem cells group (P < 0.05). The erythropoietin could promote the survival and migration of neural stem cells in situ transplanted into the injured spinal cord, and accelerate nerve function repair. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on the expression of hippocampal apoptosis-related protein in rats with vascular dementia Li Xiao-yun, Lan Xi-fa, Wang Yu-lin, Liu Jing 2012, 16 (36):  6741-6747.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.016 Abstract ( 324 )   PDF (663KB) ( 423 )   Save BACKGROUND: Studies have demonstrated that granulocyte colony-stimulating factor plays an important role in protecting neurons from neuronal degeneration and death caused by a variety of factors. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on hippocampal neuronal cell apoptosis and Bcl-2 and Bax protein expression in rats with vascular dementia. METHODS: The permanent bilateral common carotid artery ligation method was used to establish the Sprague-Dawley rat vascular dementia models. Rats with no vascular ligation were included in the sham-operation group. Rats in the treatment group were subcutaneously injected with 50 μg/kg granulocyte colony-stimulating factor daily, rats in the sham-operation group and model group were injected with normal saline. At 7, 14 and 28 days after modeling, rat hippocampus was used for detection. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Morris water maze results showed that the escape latency of the rats in the model group was significantly prolonged (P < 0.01), and the escape latency at different time points in the treatment group was shorter than that in the model group (P < 0.01). TUNEL and immunohistochemistry results showed that, compared with the control group, rat hippocampal TUNEL and Bax positive cell number in the treatment group were significantly reduced (P < 0.01), and the number of Bcl-2 positive cells was significantly increased (P < 0.01). Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor can up-regulate Bcl-2 protein expression in the hippocampus of vascular dementia rats, down-regulate Bax protein expression, reduce neuronal apoptosis and improve the learning and memory abilities of rats. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, CD34 and CD117 on acute myeloblastic leukemia cells Pang Wen-zheng, Teng Shu-ping, Hou Li-jun 2012, 16 (36):  6748-6752.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.017 Abstract ( 293 )   PDF (326KB) ( 428 )   Save BACKGROUND: Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) is closely related to the infiltration of leukemia. The reports on whether leukemia cells can express VCAM-1 or not, and whether there is a relationship between refractory leukemia and VCAM-1 are inconclusive. OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of VCAM-1, CD34, CD117 on acute myeloid leukemia cells surface, investigate the relationship between them and the treatment effect of them on refractory acute myeloid leukemia. METHODS: The expression of VCAM-1, CD34, CD117 in acute myeloid leukemia cells from 16 patients were detected by flow cytometry. There were six patients in the refractory group and 10 patients in non-refractory group. Normal bone marrow mononuclear cells were regarded as control group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The expressions of CD34 and CD117 on acute myeloid leukemia cells were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The expression of acute myeloid leukemia cells CD34 in the refractory group was significantly higher than that in the non-refractory group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in CD117 expression on acute myeloid leukemia between refractory group and non-refractory group (P > 0.05). The expression of VCAM-1 on acute myeloid leukemia cells was not significantly different compared with the control group (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in expression of VCAM-1 on acute myeloid leukemia between refractory group and non-refractory group (P > 0.05). Acute myeloid leukemia cells with CD34 expression is one of indices for poor prognosis and the expression of CD117 and VCAM-1 has no significant correlation with treatment of refractory acute myeloid leukemia. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Construction and identification of recombinant adenovirus vector containing CXC chemokine receptor 4 gene Pan Ting-ming, Xu Hao, Chen Jian-mei, Song Chen-yang, Yao Xiao-dong 2012, 16 (36):  6753-6757.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.018 Abstract ( 388 )   PDF (507KB) ( 360 )   Save BACKGROUND: Recent studies have demonstrated that stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)/CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is capable of promoting the migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). OBJECTIVE: To construct recombinant adenovirus vector containing CXCR4 gene and provide the basis for further research of CXCR4 gene for application. METHODS: The total RNA of mouse was extracted and CXCR4 gene which is 1080 bp in size was amplified by RT-PCR. Fragment containing CXCR4 was cloned into the shuttle vector pAdTrack-CMV that carried a green fluorescence protein (GFP) gene to generate a recombinant plasmid pAdTrack-CMV-CXCR4. The recombinant adenovirus pAdEasy-CMV-CXCR4 was transferred into HEK293 cells for packaging and amplification. The viral titer was determined and the insert of CXCR4 gene was verified by PCR method and western blot. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The recombinant adenovirus vector (pAdEasy-CMV-CXCR4) was successfully constructed and the sequence was corrected by PCR and sequencing, which possesses high titers. Western blot showed CXCR4 protein expression in infected HEK293 cells was markedly higher than that in uninfected HEK293 cells. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The active fractions of eucommia bark for osteogenic induction of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells Zhu Li-hua, Zhang Xian, Zhang Yan-hong, Tan Xiang-ling 2012, 16 (36):  6758-6761.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.019 Abstract ( 259 )   PDF (407KB) ( 336 )   Save BACKGROUND: In vitro cell culture experiments have demonstrated that eucommia bark can induce the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. OBJECTIVE: To determine the active fractions of eucommia bark in osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were in vitro cultured. The active fractions of eucommia bark were extracted. The eucommia bark power was extracted by 60% ethanol, and then six ingredients were collected using high performance liquid chromatography method and numbered B2.1.1, B2.1.2, B2.1.3, B2.1.4, B2.1.5, B2.1.6. Passage 3 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were treated with different concentrations of eucommia bark for 6 days. At the same time, a control group was set. The expression level of alkaline phosphatase, an osteogenic differentiation marker, was determined by fluorescent quantitative PCR method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Among the six active fractions isolated by high performance liquid chromatography, B2.1.1 and B2.1.3 significantly stimulated the expression of alkaline phosphatase in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The expression level of alkaline phosphatase was 3.73 and 4.74 times higher respectively compared to the control group. The active fractions for inducing osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were preliminarily isolated, which provides data for finally isolating and confirming the chemical ingredients of the active fractions of eucommia bark. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Whole bone marrow cells culture for expanding mouse endothelial progenitor cells Liu Jun-feng, Du Zhong-dong, Chen Zhi, Guan Yun-qian, Li Shen-tao 2012, 16 (36):  6762-6766.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.020 Abstract ( 307 )   PDF (499KB) ( 650 )   Save BACKGROUND: The protocols of culturing and expanding endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) through isolating bone marrow mononuclear cells are complex in small laboratory animals. OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of whole bone marrow cells culture for expanding EPCs. METHODS: EPCs were separated from C57BL/6 mice by whole bone marrow cells culture, and the EPCs were detected with DiL-acLDL and FITC-UEA-1 double fluorescent staining after cultured for 7 days, and the expression of CD34 and FLK-1 was detected by flow cytometry. Furthermore, the functions of EPCs in vitro, including visualization, proliferation, adhesion and migration were assessed. The bone marrow mononuclear cells culture was used as control. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The colony of early EPCs could be seen after cultured for 2 days with whole bone marrow cells culture method in vitro. On day 7, a large number of short spindle-like cells appeared, and exhibited the ability of binding with FITC-UEA-1 and phagocytosis of Dil-acLDL. The EPCs could form vessel like structure when cultured on matrigel. After cultured for about 2 weeks, the late EPCs colonies appeared and proliferated rapidly, in typical cobblestone morphology and could be passaged and cultured in vitro. There was no significant difference between two groups in the number of cells, the expression of CD34 and FLK-1 on the cell surface, in vitro adhesion, proliferation, migration abilities and the time for the colony appearance (P > 0.05). The method of whole bone marrow cells culture in vitro could select and expand EPCs effectively. The procedure is more simple, and especially suitable for studying EPCs functions in the small laboratory animals. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Amniotic mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into motor neuron precursor cell Hu Wei, Yang Feng, Tang You-jia, Yang Bo, Guan Fang-xia 2012, 16 (36):  6767-6773.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.021 Abstract ( 271 )   PDF (654KB) ( 375 )   Save BACKGROUND: The reports about neural differentiation of adult stem cells induced by extracellular matrix and cytokines are rarely reported. OBJECTIVE: To explore the neural differentiation of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells in vitro induced by natural membrane-like extracelluler martrix. METHODS: Amniotic mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from healthy human amnion, and membrane-like extracellular matrix was made by enzyme digestion and chemical method and biocompatibility was detected. The cells were divided into two groups. In the experimental group, the cells were seeded in 24-well plates collated with capsule-like matrix slides and culture medium was changed. In the control group, membrane-like matrix was removed and the other procedures were the same as the experimental group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After step-by-step induction in the experimental group, the expressions of neuron-specific enolase and rabbit anti-human synaptic proteins were increased and the expression of neuroglial fibrillary acidic protein was decreased, the expression of rabbit anti-human synaptic protein in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group. In the control group, the expression of neuron-specific enolase was increased significantly and the expression of rabbit anti-human synaptic protein and neuroglial fibrillary acidic protein were not changed. Passage 1 amniotic mesenchymal stem cells could express the marker of embryonic stem cells and neural progenitor cells, the transcription factors in the experimental group were changed after induction. It indicates that the extracellular matrix extracted by step-by-step method had a good biocompatibility, which could promote the mature of synapses during the differentiation of amniotic mesenchymal stem cells. Induction by step-by-step method could enrich neural progenitor cells in amniotic mesenchymal stem cells and promote them to differentiate into motor neuron-like precursor cells. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Correlation between endothelial progenitor cells and neovascularization following spinal cord injury in rats Wei Zheng-jun, Zhu Tao, Jiang Rong-cai, Liu Li, Liu Tong, Sun Shi-ping, Yu Yun-hu 2012, 16 (36):  6774-6778.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.022 Abstract ( 328 )   PDF (555KB) ( 335 )   Save BACKGROUND: Many brain injury experiments have demonstrated that improving ischemia and hypoxia in injured tissue helps to promote the recovery of tissue injury and protect neurological function. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship of endothelial progenitor cells and early neovascularization following spinal cord injury in rats. METHODS: A total of 60 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into experimental groups ruined by modified Allen’s method and surgical controls that received laminectomy but did not receive a contusive injury. Peripheral venous blood samples were taken prior to surgery and at 3, 6, 24, 48, 72 and 168 hours after surgery, and the counts of endothelial progenitor cells were determined by flow cytometry. The rats were sacrificed on days 1, 4, 7 and 14. The morphological changes in neovascularization were observed, and the expression of CD31, a marker of vascular endothelial cell, was detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The levels of circulating endothelial progenitor cells within the first 3 hours of injury were lower than normal subjects, but increased over time, and reached a peak around 24 hours post-injury at a level that was significantly higher than controls. The change in circulating endothelial progenitor cells was obviously correlated with the change of CD31+ vessels in the region adjacent to the epicenter of the injury site. The results demonstrate a close correlation between an increase in circulating endothelial progenitor cells in response to spinal cord injury and angiogenesis in spinal cord injury rat spinal cord. They also suggest that the increase in circulating endothelial progenitor cells promotes the tissue recovery in spinal cord injury. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Expression of target gene in 293T cells transfected by hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 2 gene Li Xian-hua, Li Jian-mei, Tao Si-ming, Zhang Xin-jin 2012, 16 (36):  6779-6784.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.023 Abstract ( 327 )   PDF (637KB) ( 404 )   Save BACKGROUND: Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) currently plays an important role in regulating heart spontaneous pulsation. OBJECTIVE: Target gene expression was observed at mRNA and protein level in 293T cells transfected with human hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 2 (hHCN2) gene recombinant plasmid. METHODS: Plasmid CMV-hHCN2-3xHA-IRES-EGFP including full length hHCN2 gene was transfected into 293T cells by Liposome Lipofectamine 2000. Expression of hHCN2 mRNA was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction respectively. Expression of HCN2 protein was examined by western blot method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Plasmid CMV-hHCN2-3xHA-IRES-EGFP including full length HCN2 gene was successfully transfected into 293T cells by Liposome Lipofectamine 2000. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction detected the highly visible specific DNA bands at 100-250 bp, which was the same as hHCN2 gene carried by plasmid. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot method results showed that hHCN2 gene was highly expressed at mRNA and protein levels. These findings suggest that hHCN2 gene was expressed at the nucleic acid and protein levels in 293T cells transfected by plasmid of CMV-hHCN2-3xHA-the IRES-EGFP. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of platelet microparticles on proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells Xu Ying, Lu Shi-qi, Li Jun-gen, Sun Hai-wei 2012, 16 (36):  6785-6789.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.024 Abstract ( 498 )   PDF (407KB) ( 301 )   Save BACKGROUND: Platelet microparticles are the small subcellular fragments released during the process of platelet activation and affect angiogenesis and postischemic tissue regeneration. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of platelet microparticles on proliferation, survival and activation of neural stem cells. METHODS: Mouse embryonic neural stem cells were harvested from mouse fetus at gestational 13.5 days and treated with 10 μg/L fibroblast growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor or 0.1, 1, 10 μg platelet microparticles to evaluate neurosphere size and cell fate. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with fibroblast growth factor- or vascular endothelial growth factor-treated neural stem cells, the platelet microparticles-treated neural stem cells exhibited a larger cell diameter and higher survival rate. Platelet microparticles could promote the differentiation of neural stem cells into glial cells and neurons. These findings suggest that platelet microparticles can better promote the proliferation, survival and differentiation of neural stem cells than other growth factors. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Expression of microRNA-128b, -181 a and -223 in patients with acute leukemia Tan San-qin, Wang Guang-ping, Cui Ya-juan, Xie Yi, Tan Yu-ting, Chen Fang-ping 2012, 16 (36):  6790-6794.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.025 Abstract ( 258 )   PDF (398KB) ( 415 )   Save BACKGROUND: MicroRNA (miR) is a kind of endogenous non-coding RNA. Current studies have demonstrated that miR can be used as tumor marker for tumor categorization. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expressions of microRNA-181a, miR-128b and miR-223 and their significance in the plasma of patients with acute leukemia. METHODS: The plasma RNAs were extracted from acute leukemia patients and normal control subjects, and were reverse transcribed with miR-specific primer into cDNA. The expressions of miR-181a, miR-128b and miR-223 were measured by real-time PCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with control subjects, the expression of miR-181a, miR-128b and miR-223 was decreased in acute non-lymphocytic leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients. Statistical analysis indicated that the expression of miR-128b and miR-181 was significantly different between acute non-lymphocytic leukemia and acute leukemia patients and control subjects (P < 0.05), but its expression was not significantly different between acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients and conntrol subjects (P > 0.05). Compared with acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients, the expression of miR-223 was increased in acute non-lymphocytic leukemia patients, while miR-128b and miR-181a expressions were decreased. The expression of miR-181a, miR-128b and miR-223 was not significantly different between acute non-lymphocytic leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients (P > 0.05). These findings suggest that miR-128b, miR-181a and miR-223 may be the novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of typing of acute leukemia. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of mechanical factors on osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells Lü Zhen-jing, Li Zhi-zhong 2012, 16 (36):  6795-6799.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.026 Abstract ( 336 )   PDF (542KB) ( 324 )   Save BACKGROUND: With wide study of mesenchymal stem cells, the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells has been fully confirmed. Recently, many scholars are studying the effects of mechanical factors on osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. OBJECTIVE: To review the effects of mechanical factors on osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS: A computer-based online retrieval of PubMed, ScienceDirect, ISI-SCIE, Chinese Journal Full-text Database, China Journal Full-text Database (Century Journals Project), China Doctor Dissertations Full-text Database, China Master's Theses Full-text Database for searching papers describing the effects of mechanical factors on osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells published between January 1999 and December 2012 using the key words “mechanical factors, mesenchymal stem cell, osteogenic differentiation” in English and Chinese. The papers published recently or in high-impact journals were selected. A total of 104 papers were initially selected, and 30 were included in the final analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Mechanical factors play an important role in proliferation, differentiation, morphology, development and function of mesenchymal stem cells. Mechanical stimulations at different intensities, modes and for different time produce different effects on directed differentiation and function of mesenchymal stem cells. The optimal mechanical stimulation promoted the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, thereby achieving the optimal clinical therapeutic effects. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Problems to be solved in stem cell transplantation for treatment of cardiovascular disease Xiang Qun, Lu Shi-juan 2012, 16 (36):  6800-6804.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.027 Abstract ( 254 )   PDF (607KB) ( 406 )   Save BACKGROUND: Stem cells as seed cells for cell transplantation treatment of cardiovascular diseases has become a hot topic in recent years and many animal models and clinical studies have indicated that stem cell transplantation will be a new treatment to improve the heart function. OBJECTIVE: To review the issues on transplantation type selection, transplantation path, transplantation occasion and safety for the application of stem cells in cardiovascular disease. METHODS: A computer-based online retrieval of PubMed and CNKI was performed to search manuscripts addressing stem cell transplantation for treatment of cardiovascular disease published in 2000/2010 in English and Chinese with the key words “stem cell transplantation, cardiovascular disease”. Repetitive research and non-related studies were excluded, and 25 articles were included in this review. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Stem cell transplantation can improve perfusion of ischemic myocardium, reduce the death of myocardial cells, and limit left ventricular remodeling, which will fundamentally improve cardiac function and reduce mortality. However, the research on the treatment of cardiovascular disease with stem cell transplantation is still in its infancy and there are still many problems to be solved. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Application and research progress of stem cell transplantation in acute kidney injury Wang Wei, Wang Wei-wei, Zhang Jin-yuan 2012, 16 (36):  6805-6809.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.028 Abstract ( 280 )   PDF (603KB) ( 379 )   Save BACKGROUND: In recent years, stem cell transplantation has become a “hot spot” problem in the treatment of acute kidney injury. A lot of progress has been achieved regarding different sources of stem cells for treatment of acute kidney injury. OBJECTIVE: To briefly review the experimental study, existing problems and prospective application of stem cells from the aspects of cell biological characteristics, clinical application and different sources of stem cells for treatment of acute kidney injury. METHODS: The CNKI database and Pubmed database (during 2001-01/2012-02) were used to search the related articles about stem cell transplantation in the treatment of acute kidney injury. The retrieval keywords were “stem cell, transplantation, kidney disease, acute kidney injury” in English and Chinese. There were 205 articles by the initial retrieval. Then 41 articles were remained according to the inclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Stem cell transplantation is a new method of treatment for acute kidney injury, which can improve renal function and accelerate kidney repair. Although there are many issues to be resolved, and stem cell transplantation still has huge potential advantages compared to the traditional methods, which shows promising applications in the field of acute kidney injury. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Transplantation of stem cells from different sources for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease Yu Yang, Zhao Shun 2012, 16 (36):  6810-6814.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.029 Abstract ( 165 )   PDF (635KB) ( 339 )   Save BACKGROUND: The transplanted stem cells can migrate to injured intestinal tract to participate in injured tissue repair and functional reconstruction and can contribute to recovery of normal immunological function of intestinal tract. OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress in transplantation of stem cells from different sources for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. METHODS: A computer-based online retrieval of papers published between 1990-2008 were searched in PubMed and Wanfang database using the key words of “stem cells, tissue engineering, biliary complications, intestinal disease, human intestinal tract” in English and Chinese respectively. Twenty-four papers were included in the final analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Treatment of inflammatory bowel disease is mainly to control reactive inflammation and regulate immunologic derangement, involving anti-inflammatory drugs, hormone, immunosuppressant, biological treatment. But all these methods need long term treatment and showed many adverse events. Recently, studies on stem cell regeneration, nutrition and immunoloregulation bring new hope for treatment of intestinal disease. Transplantation of stem cells are hopeful to become an effective mean for treatment of intestinal disease due to their multi-directional differentiation, immunoloregulation and nutrition properties. Stem cells and tissue engineering show a wide application prospect in treatment of intestinal diseases. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Tropism of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for glioma Fan Cun-gang, Zhang Qing-jun 2012, 16 (36):  6815-6819.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.030 Abstract ( 270 )   PDF (507KB) ( 287 )   Save BACKGROUND: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) display extensive tropism for glioma in vitro and in vivo, and may serve as a promising vector for gene-targeted glioma therapy. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism of tumor-specific tropism of BMSCs towards glioma on the basis of analyzing related literatures. METHODS: The first author retrieved CNKI database and PubMed database for concerning articles. The key words were “mesenchymal stem cells, bone marrow, glioma” in Chinese and English. A total of 51 articles were retrieved primarily by computer, and 27 articles were finally included for review according to inclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: BMSCs have a strong migratory capacity towards glioma, which is mediated by the interaction of cytokines secreted by glioma and the related receptors expressed by BMCSs. Increasing the expression of certain receptors in BMCSs may strengthen the migration capacity and antitumor effect. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of bone and joint disease and spinal cord injury Sun Qi, Wang Can-bin, Liu Ji-chun, Tang Shan-hua 2012, 16 (36):  6820-6826.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.031 Abstract ( 264 )   PDF (720KB) ( 408 )   Save BACKGROUND: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have been used to treat bone and joint disease and spinal cord injury as well as central nervous system lesions clinically. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical application of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in treatment of bone and joint disease and spinal cord injury. METHODS: A retrieval was performed for the literature of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells used for treatment of bone and joint disease and spinal cord injury, using key words “bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteocyte or bone cell, chondrocyte, cartilage defect, articular cartilage, tissue engineering, femoral head necrosis, spinal cord injury” between 2002-01 and 2011-12 in Science Citation Index (SCI) database. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In recent years, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells have been used for clinical treatment of orthopedic diseases. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells exist in the bone marrow and maintain the differentiation potential of stem cells. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can be differentiated into osteocytes and chondrocytes under certain in vivo conditions and have been applied for treatment of bone defects, femoral head necrosis and other orthopedic diseases. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can be used for would healing, cell replacement therapy, hematopoiesis and gene therapy in addition to tissue engineering due to their characteristics. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Surface markers of lung cancer stem cells Yu Hong 2012, 16 (36):  6827-6833.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.032 Abstract ( 846 )   PDF (577KB) ( 756 )   Save BACKGROUND: Detecting, tracking and monitoring the surface markers of cancer stem cells can provide important help for tumor diagnosis and biological treatments, such as immunotherapy. OBJECTIVE: To review the articles on the surface markers of cancer stem cells in order to provide the reference theoretical basis for tumor diagnosis and improving the treatment methods and life quality. METHODS: The SCI database was searched for the articles on the surface markers of cancer stem cells published from 2002 to 2011. The key words were “cancer stem cell, lung cancer” in English and Chinese. A total of 110 articles were screened out and finally 18 articles were included to review according to the inclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Lung cancer is one of the malignant tumors with highest morbidity and mortality in the world. Detection of lung cancer stem cell surface marker, CD133, can help to study the occurrence, development and proliferation and maintaining process of tumors, and CD133 can provide relevant information for targeted biological treatments of lung cancer. With the deepening of the study, the cancer stem cell surface markers cannot only be applied for the early diagnosis of the tumor, but also be applied for the biological treatment of the tumor. Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Stem cells transplantation in the treatment of diabetes Chen Guo-chang, Wang Xi-ran 2012, 16 (36):  6834-6840.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2012.36.033 Abstract ( 336 )   PDF (667KB) ( 675 )   Save BACKGROUND: Diabetes is a specific autoimmune disease for pancreatic β cell; it can be treated by pancreas transplantation or islet transplantation, but due to the donor and the rejection, the clinical application is limited. OBJECTIVE: To multi-level explore the development trends of the researches on stem cells transplantation for the treatment of diabetes. METHODS: The articles on stem cells transplantation for the treatment of diabetes were selected in the CNKI database and Web of Science database from 2002 to 2011, and the analysis capabilities of the database and Excel software chart function were used to analyze the data characteristics. The articles on the stem cells transplantation for the treatment of diabetes in the CNKI database were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 128 articles on stem cells transplantation for the treatment of diabetes were selected from the CNKI database, and 725 articles were searched from the Web of Science database, and the number of the articles was in the increasing trend. The articles in the CNKI database are mainly about the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, pancreatic stem cells and hematopoietic stem cells. The categories of the articles are mainly the endocrine metabolic classification. The number of the articles in the Web of Science database is larger than that in the CNKI database, and most of the articles were published by US. The National Natural Science Foundation of China plays an important role in the research on stem cells transplantation for the treatment of diabetes. Related Articles | Metrics