Construction of calcium sulfate/bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells tissue-engineered bone for spinal fusion

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.21.001

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Calcium sulfate has good biocompatibility and biodegradability, which is a safe and effective bone graft substitute.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the osteogenesis ability of calcium sulfate combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.
METHODS: After L4/5 posterior lumbar discectomy, 36 rabbits were randomized into three groups: rabbits in autologous bone group were implanted with autologous iliac bone via the intervertebral space; animals in allogenic bone group were implanted with decalcified bovine bone; rabbits in tissue-engineered bone group were implanted with calcium sulfate combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Bone formation and molding were observed by gross observation, anteroposterior and lateral X-ray, histology and biomechanics at 4, 8 and 16 weeks. Callus specimens were employed for histological observation of interbody fusion. Biomechanical analysis of spinal fusion site was conducted at 16 weeks.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Sixteen weeks later, interbody fusion was complete in the autologous bone group, the trabecular bone bridged continuously and a large amount of woven bone was merged into pieces; in the allogenic bone group, incomplete bony fusion was found between the intervertebral space, most of cartilage tissues differentiated into bone, but fibrous tissue was also full of the central part; in the tissue-engineered bone group, interbody fusion was complete, and a large amount of woven bone was fused into pieces, while the artificial bone was absorbed and ossified with small residual. Failure strength and stiffness in the autologous bone and tissue-engineered bone groups were superior to those in the allogenic bone group. These findings indicate that the calcium sulfate/bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells tissue-engineered bone has excellent osteogenic and osteoinductive capacity that can exert a good function of promoting spinal interbody fusion.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程

全文链接：

Key words: calcium sulfate, stem cells, spine, tissue engineering

CLC Number:

R318

Liu Xiao-yang, Li Guang-run, Liu Hong-tao, Hao Yong-qiang, Wang Jie-feng. Construction of calcium sulfate/bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells tissue-engineered bone for spinal fusion [J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2014, 18(21): 3281-3286.

Figures/Tables 4

2.1 实验动物数量分析 36只兔均进入结果分析。 2.2 大体观察术后各组动物进食与活动正常，每组各有一两只动物发生切口红肿、渗液，经对症处理后切口愈合良好，不影响观察。①自体骨组：植入后4周，手术椎间隙为纤维软骨样组织填充；8周时，椎间隙有骨痂样组织产生，但骨质菲薄，部分似软骨样；16周时，椎间隙骨痂进一步塑型，与正常骨组织肉眼难以分辨，椎间融合基本完成。②异种骨组：植入后4周，手术椎间隙有少量新骨形成，表面被纤维样组织包裹；8周时，椎间隙有纤维软骨样组织充填，上下缘之间有少量骨痂连接，异种骨降解；植入后16周椎间骨痂连续。③组织工程骨组：植入后4周，椎间隙有纤维软骨样组织充填；植入后8周，硫酸钙颗粒大部分吸收，椎间隙有骨痂样组织形成，但小部分似软骨样；16周时，椎间隙的骨痂塑型，外观与正常骨组织相似，椎间融合基本完成。 2.3 放射学检查X射线平片 ①自体骨组：植入后4周，椎间隙略模糊，自体骨开始吸收，有少量骨痂阴影；植入后8周，椎间隙模糊，椎间隙部分形成连续性骨小梁；植入后16周，椎间骨小梁连续，椎间融合基本完成(图1A)。②异种骨组：植入后4周椎间隙有植骨阴影，椎间隙较明显；植入后8周椎间隙模糊，异种骨显示不清；植入后16周椎间隙形成不完全骨性融合(图1B)。③组织工程骨组：与自体骨组基本类似。植入后4周，植骨颗粒可见，椎间隙模糊；植入后8周，硫酸钙植骨颗粒大部分吸收、减少，椎间隙有少量连续骨小梁；植入后16周，植骨颗粒基本消失，椎间骨小梁连续，椎间隙形成骨性融合(图1C)。椎间融合的Lane-Sandhu放射学评分：16周时，自体骨组、异种骨组与组织工程骨组椎间融合的Lane-Sandhu放射学评分分别为9.96±0.83，8.75±1.35，9.50±1.10，3组间比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。"

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