Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (31): 6792-6799.doi: 10.12307/2025.552

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Effect and mechanism of perinatal mesenchymal stem cells and their combination with hydrogels in treatment of intrauterine adhesions

Zhong Min1, 2, Wang Cheng2, 3, Fan Zhenhai1, 2, Li Linyan1, 2, Yu Limei2, 3, 4   

  1. 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Prenatal Diagnostic Center), 2Guizhou Province Biofabrication Laboratory, 3Guizhou Province Center of Cell Engineering, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China; 4Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2024-08-15 Accepted:2024-09-23 Online:2025-11-08 Published:2025-02-27
  • Contact: Yu Limei, MD, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Guizhou Province Biofabrication Laboratory, and Guizhou Province Center of Cell Engineering, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Tissue Damage Repair and Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Zhong Min, Master candidate, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Prenatal Diagnostic Center), and Guizhou Province Biofabrication Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82060270 (to YLM); Zunyi Big Data and Science and Technology Bureau Municipal Institute Joint Fund Basic Project, No. [Zunyi Science and Technology Bureau HZ (2023) 282] (to LLY)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The therapeutic efficacy of moderate or severe intrauterine adhesions is poor. After synechotomy, the high postoperative recurrence rate severely affects the reproductive health of women of childbearing age, which is an urgent problem to be solved in clinical practice. Perinatal mesenchymal stem cells and their combined hydrogels have unique advantages, and they have received particular attention on the treatment of intrauterine adhesions. 
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the research progress of perinatal mesenchymal stem cells and their combined hydrogel in the treatment of intrauterine adhesions.
METHODS: Search terms were “mesenchymal stem cells, perinatal period, hydrogel, intrauterine adhesions, endometrial injury” in Chinese and English. Relative articles published from 2010 to 2024 were retrieved on PubMed, CNKI, and WanFang databases. As a result, 80 articles that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed and analyzed. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Similar to other sources of mesenchymal stem cells, perinatal mesenchymal stem cells have a good therapeutic effect on intrauterine adhesions, and can meet the needs of autologous and allogeneic transplantation. (2) The mechanism of perinatal mesenchymal stem cell transplantation from umbilical cord, amniotic membrane, placenta, and umbilical cord blood in the treatment of uterine adhesion involves in regulation of relative signaling pathways such as colonization and differentiation, cellular immunity, paracrine, and promoting endometrial regeneration and angiogenesis, immune regulation, anti-endometrial cell apoptosis, inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and anti-fibrosis. (3) Perinatal mesenchymal stem cells combined with hydrogel have a synergistic effect on the treatment of intrauterine adhesions. On the basis of the effect of mesenchymal stem cells, the hydrogel also plays a role in supporting and maintaining the continuous release of mesenchymal stem cells, promoting cell migration and adhesion, which is helpful to better promote endometrial regeneration and anti-fibrosis. It is beneficial to repair the damaged endometrial, improve endometrial receptivity and fertility, and reduce the recurrence rate. (4) A few of clinical trials have initially verified the effectiveness and safety of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells or hydrogels in the treatment of intrauterine adhesions. Further studies are still needed on the interaction between perinatal mesenchymal stem cells and polymer biomaterials such as hydrogels, and other effects and molecular mechanism of combined treatment of intrauterine adhesions. 


Key words: stem cell, mesenchymal stem cell, perinatal period, hydrogel, intrauterine adhesion, thin endometrium, fibrosis, engineered stem cell

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