Osteonecrosis of the femoral head after femoral neck fractures induced by biomechanical factors: testified by dog models of internal fixation for unilateral femoral neck fracture

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.0354

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Biomechanical factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) after femoral neck fracture, but there is a lack of experimental evidence.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the roles of biomechanical factors in the development of ONFH following femoral neck fracture.

METHODS: Twelve healthy adult rural dogs received the vertical osteotomy at the middle femoral neck and screw fixation to establish the internal fixation model of unilateral femoral neck fracture. At 6 weeks after modeling, X-ray was performed to confirm the fracture healing of all animal models. The model dogs were randomized into blank control, combination (screw removal and bone grafting) and experimental (screw removal) groups (n=4 per group). Six weeks later, all dogs were executed, and the histological observation and the evaluation of bone histomorphometry were performed on the osseous tissue of the femoral neck Ward triangle.

RESULTE AND CONCLUSION: (1) Histological observation showed that the bone trabecula in the blank control group was large and dense with continuous structure. In the combination group, the trabeculae were tremendous and tabular with dense distribution and continuous structure. In the experimental group, the bone trabecula was thin, sparse, disorganized and partially fractured. (2) The percent trabecular area and trabecular thickness were highest in the combination group, followed by blank control group, and lowest in the experimental group (P < 0.05). The order of trabecular separation was as follows: combination group < blank control group < experimental group (P < 0.05). The trabecular number in the combination group was significantly more than that in the experimental group (P < 0.05). Compared with the blank control group, the trabecular number in the combination and experimental groups showed no significant difference (both P > 0.05). (3) These results indicate that the decrease in biomechanical properties of femoral head after the femoral neck fracture healing can result in the changes of absorption and microfracture of the bone trabeculae, further induces collapse and necrosis of the femoral head.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节；骨植入物；脊柱；骨折；内固定；数字化骨科；组织工程

Key words: Femoral Neck Fractures, Femoral Head Necrosis, Biomechanics, Tissue Engineering

CLC Number:

R318

Wang Hai-yang, Lin Yan-bin, Yu Guang-shu. Osteonecrosis of the femoral head after femoral neck fractures induced by biomechanical factors: testified by dog models of internal fixation for unilateral femoral neck fracture [J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2018, 22(27): 4364-4368.

Figures/Tables 3

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