Isokinetic muscle strength characteristics of the main joints in juvenile male gymnasts

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.46.011

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The gymnastic skill training of juveniles tends to be scientific and systematic, such as confirming the strength characteristics of joints and muscles and implementing training program pertinently based on the scientific diagnostic method.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the isokinetic muscle strength characteristics of the trunk, hips and knees in juvenile male gymnasts.
METHODS: Sixteen juvenile male gymnasts who were active athletes in Liaoning province were enrolled. ISOMED2000 isokinetic muscle strength test system was used to detect the muscle strength, and the test speed of trunk set as 30, 60 and 180 (°)/s, while 60, 180 and 300 (°)/s for the hips and knees.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 30, 60 and 180 (°)/s, the hamstring/quadriceps ratio of trunk were 91.36±1.25, 87.77±3.74 and 78.20±4.70, respectively. At 60, 180 and 300 (°)/s, the hamstring/quadriceps ratio of the left hip was 65.55±4.38, 66.92±3.22 and 68.18±2.82, while that of the right hip were 57.40±4.43, 65.73±1.07 and 64.15±5.55. Additionally, the left flexor strength was significantly higher than that of the right, while the right extensor strength was significantly higher than that of the left at 60 (°)/s (P < 0.05). At 60, 180 and 300 (°)/s, the hamstring/quadriceps ratio was 50.88±4.98, 54.75±4.51 and 58.80±7.93 for the left knee, and 51.55±4.30, 55.20±5.08 and 58.43±5.93 for the right knee. In three test speeds there were no significant differences in flexor and extensor strength between two sides (P > 0.05). These results indicate that the rapid strength of the back especially of the flexor is insufficient markedly, and the basic strength of the extensor is weak. The basic strength of the left flexor in the hip is large, the same as the right extensor; the rapid strength of flexor is weak, and imbalance in the muscle strength between two sides appears. Fortunately, the muscle strength of the knee between two sides achieves balance, but there is still a certain deficiency in the rapid strength of the left flexor and the basic strength of the extensor on both sides.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程

Key words: Adolescent, Gymnastics, Athletes, Muscle Strength

CLC Number:

R318

Ju Xiu-kui. Isokinetic muscle strength characteristics of the main joints in juvenile male gymnasts[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2016, 20(46): 6922-6929.

Figures/Tables 2

2.1 参与者数量分析初始共纳入辽宁省青少年体操运动员36名，去除伤病、等级水平等因素后最终决定纳入16名，在测试过程中获得试验数据均符合研究需要。 2.2 腰背环节等速肌力特征测试结果由表2可知，随着测试速度的增大，屈肌和伸肌的峰值力矩均呈现逐渐下降的趋势，在30 (°)/s至60 (°)/s屈肌下降9.75%，伸肌下降2.71%。在60 (°)/s至180 (°)/s屈肌下降21.60%，伸肌下降12.35%。伸肌在30 (°)/s和60 (°)/s峰值力矩之间差异无显著性意义，在60 (°)/s和180 (°)/s之间差异有显著性意义，屈肌在3个测试速度下其峰值力矩之间差异均有显著性引言；在3个测试速度下，屈肌和伸肌的峰值力矩差异均有显著性意义，即伸肌力量大于屈肌；屈肌峰值力矩出现的角度在30 (°)/s和180 (°)/s时比较接近，而伸肌峰值力矩出现的角度在30 (°)/s和60 (°)/s时比较接近；屈伸比值比较大，3个测试速度下均超过了70%的比率；平均功率在60 (°)/s时值最大，180 (°)/s时值高于30 (°)/s时。 2.3 髋关节等速肌力特征测试结果表3显示运动员左右侧髋关节的屈肌峰值力矩之间和伸肌峰值力矩之间在180 (°)/s和300 (°)/s差异无显著性意义，在60 (°)/s时差异有显著性意义，即左侧的屈肌稍大于右侧的屈肌，而右侧的伸肌稍大于左侧的伸肌。随着测试速度的增大，运动员髋关节左右侧屈肌和伸肌的相对峰值力矩均出现下降的趋势，60 (°)/s至180 (°)/s至300 (°)/s，左侧屈肌下降的比率为5.70%和17.24%，左侧伸肌为8.12%和15.10%，右侧屈肌为1.28%和16.81%，右侧伸肌为14.04%和14.93%。左右侧的伸肌和左侧的屈肌在3个测试速度下其峰值力矩差异均有显著性意义，右侧屈肌在180 (°)/s至300 (°)/s差异有显著性意义，而在60 (°)/s至180 (°)/s时差异无显著性意义；随着测试速度的增大，屈肌峰值力矩出现的角度逐渐增大，而伸肌则逐渐减小；随着测试速度的增大，伸肌的平均功率值逐渐增大，而屈肌由于在300 (°)/s时值偏小则没有呈现这一趋势。 2.4 膝关节等速肌力特征结果图1和表4的数据表明，运动员在不同的测试速度下，膝关节左、右侧屈肌之间和伸肌之间的相对峰值力矩差异无显著性意义，只是右侧的数据稍大于左侧；随着测试速度的增大，运动员膝关节左右侧屈肌和伸肌的相对峰值力矩均出现下降的趋势，60 (°)/s至180 (°)/s至300 (°)/s，左侧屈肌下降的比率为6.67%和6.35%，左侧伸肌为13.43%和13.79%，"

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