Effect of nicotine intake on the periodontal tissue during orthodontic tooth movement

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.46.006

Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2015, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (46): 7406-7412.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.46.006

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Effect of nicotine intake on the periodontal tissue during orthodontic tooth movement

Pan Xu^{1, 2}, Zulihuma Arefujiang¹, Hu Ming-hua^{1, 2}, Nie Jing^{1, 2}, Mi Cong-bo^{1, 2}, Yang Feng-lian³

1Department of Orthodontics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; 2Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; 3Department of Stomatology, General Clinic of Agricultural Second Division, Korla 841000, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China

Received:2015-08-29 Online:2015-11-12 Published:2015-11-12
Contact: Mi Cong-bo, Department of Orthodontics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
About author:Pan Xu, Master, Attending physician, Department of Orthodontics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China Zulihuma Arefujiang, Master, Physician, Department of Orthodontics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China Pan Xu and Zulihuma Arefujiang contributed equally to this work.
Supported by:
the Open Project of Xinjiang Medical Animal Model Laboratory, No. XJDX1103-2012-04

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking can seriously damage the periodontal tissues and root, and the nicotine in tobacco accelerates the progression of periodontal diseases.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of different doses of nicotine on the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA in the periodontal tissue during orthodontic tooth movement.
METHODS: Totally 110 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into blank control group (n=10), normal saline group (n=25), 0.5 mg/kg nicotine group (n=25), 0.75 mg/kg nicotine group (n=25), 1 mg/kg nicotine group (n=25). Rats in the normal saline groups were injected intraperitoneally with 0.1 mL normal saline, and those in the three nicotine groups were respectively injected with 0.5, 0.75, 1 mg/kg nicotine tartrate solution. Except the blank control group, the unilateral maxillary first molars of rats in the other four groups were exposed to 50 g force. At 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 days under force, the rats were sacrificed to take the maxillary tissues. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the changes of periodontal tissues, immunohistochemical staining was employed to count positive cells, and in situ hybridization staining was adopted to detect the mean absorbance value of cyclooxygenase-2 in the periodontal tissues.
RESULTTS AND CONCLUSION: The number of odontoclasts and the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in the nicotine groups were higher than those in the non-nicotine groups. With the increasing dose of nicotine, the number of odontoclasts gradually increased, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). At 7 days under force, the number of odontoclasts reached the peak. With the increasing dose of nicotine, the positive expression intensity of cyclooxygenase-2 was also increased, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The expression of cyclooxygenase-2 reached peak at 5 days under force. These findings indicate that with the increasing dose of nicotine, the number of odontoclasts and the expression intensity of cyclooxygenase-2 are both increased at the same time point under force. During the orthodontic tooth movement, the intake of nicotine can damage the periodontal tissue, and the dose of nicotine can directly influence the severity of damage to the periodontal tissue.
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程

Key words: Nicotine, Orthodontics, Cyclooxygenase 2, Dental Cementum

Pan Xu, Zulihuma Arefujiang, Hu Ming-hua, Nie Jing, Mi Cong-bo, Yang Feng-lian. Effect of nicotine intake on the periodontal tissue during orthodontic tooth movement[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2015, 19(46): 7406-7412.

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References

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Effect of nicotine intake on the periodontal tissue during orthodontic tooth movement

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