Sodium alginate film promotes the regeneration of injured sciatic nerve in rats

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.25.007

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The sodium alginate film, jointly developed by our research team and the Institute of Polymer Material of Qingdao University, has good biocompatibility and is often used for the preparation of a variety of composite materials.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of sodium alginate film wrapping and covering nerve anastomotic stoma on the regeneration of injured sciatic nerve in rats.
METHODS: A total of 36 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups after the right sciatic nerve was cut. Control group: The nerve stump was sutured through epineurial end-to-end anastomosis; Experimental group: The nerve stump was sutured through epineurial end-to-end anastomosis, and wrapped with sodium alginate film, forming a regenerative environment for sciatic nerve regeneration. The degradation and absorption of sodium alginate film, as well as the adhesion at suture site were observed post-operation. Interleukin-2 and interleukin-4 positive expression was detected with immunohistochemistry method. The histological sections were also detected with hematoxylin-eosin staining and osmium tetroxide staining.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 4-6 weeks post-operation, sodium alginate film was mostly degraded and absorbed in the experimental group. The experimental group rats had less local adhesion, slighter infiltration of inflammatory cells, and fewer fiber tissue hyperplasia than control group rats. The contents of interleukin-2 and interleukin-4 were almost the same between the control and experimental groups at 1, 7, 14 days post-operation.
At 6 weeks, the regenerated nerve fibers were distributed evenly with uniform shape, the number of nerve fibers, axons and myelin sheath were significantly better than the control group (P < 0.05). Sodium alginate film has good biological degradability and histocompatibility and plays an important role in promoting sciatic nerve regeneration.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程

全文链接：

Key words: seaweed, sciatic nerve, nerve regeneration

CLC Number:

R318

Jiao Wei-dong, Li Yan-hui, Ji Ai-yu, Xia Yu-jun. Sodium alginate film promotes the regeneration of injured sciatic nerve in rats[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2014, 18(25): 3973-3979.

Figures/Tables 3

2.1 实验动物数量分析 36只大鼠均进入结果分析。 2.2 大体观察术后2周：两组都出现不同程度足趾红肿(图1A)；对照组12只有溃疡表现，实验组8只有溃疡表现，取材时发现海藻纤维膜降解不明显(图1E)。术后4周：两组皆开始出现溃疡干燥，部分溃疡处愈合(图1B)，实验组海藻纤维膜片明显变薄，但膜片无缺损形成。术后6周：对照组大鼠足趾仍有3只为完全愈合，针刺反应迟钝；实验组足趾溃疡全部愈合(图1C)，针刺反应灵敏，大部分纤维膜片被降解吸收(图1F)。不同时间点取材，对照组神经损伤缝合处与周围组织粘连严重，界限不清(图1D)，实验组神经损伤缝合处海藻纤维膜片与周围组织均无明显粘连。 2.3 苏木精-伊红染色正常外周神经无炎性细胞浸润及瘢痕形成(图2A)。术后2周：对照组局部可见较多炎性细胞浸润，吻合口远端组织碎裂，间隙明显(图2B)；实验组可见少量巨噬细胞及T淋巴细胞等炎性细胞浸润，两组均无再生神经纤维通过吻合口(图2C)。术后4周：对照组可见巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞及T淋巴细胞浸润，纤维组织增生明显，吻合口可有少量再生神经纤维连接(图2D)；实验组中可见大量许旺细胞增生，排列形成细胞索，形态较规则，少见炎性细胞浸润，吻合口处有较多再生神经纤维连接(图2E)。术后6周：两组吻合处均有再生神经纤维增多，再生神经纤维排列较规则，但实验组再生的神经纤维直径较粗，数量较多，髓鞘也较厚(图2F，G)。 2.4 免疫组织化学染色正常对照组坐骨神经均无白细胞介素2及白细胞介素4阳性表达；术后实验组和对照组大鼠神经吻合口局部白细胞介素2及白细胞介素4的含量均有不同程度升高，术后7 d左右到达最高峰，随后白细胞介素2及白细胞介素4的含量逐步下降。与对照组相比，实验组大鼠神经吻合口周围组织中白细胞介素2及白细胞介素4的含量稍高，但无统计学差异(图3，表1)。 2.5 锇酸染色正常对照大鼠坐骨神经锇酸染色的横切片，可见神经纤维分布均匀，髓鞘深染呈空心圆圈形状，髓鞘厚度和轴突直径的比例在合适范围(图4A，D)。术后4周：切片可见，两组大鼠坐骨神经吻合口横切片中均有不同数量新生神经纤维(髓鞘较薄轴突较细)出现，提示两组大鼠坐骨神经均有不同程度再生，但神经纤维分布不规则，大小不均一(图4B，C)。术后6周：实验组大鼠神经纤维再生明显，神经纤维数量多，髓鞘深染，神经形态较规则、分布较均匀(图4F)；对照组大鼠坐骨神经神经虽有部分再生，但表现为髓鞘薄，纤维直径小，且分布不规则(图4E)。表2中数据呈正态分布，方差齐，结果显示术后4周及6周，实验组大鼠坐骨神经吻合口处的坐骨神经与对侧正常对照的比值(纤维数量、轴突平均面积和髓鞘平均厚度)均好于对照组与对侧正常对照组的比值(P < 0.05)。以上结果提示实验组大鼠坐骨神经吻合口处神经纤维再生优于对照组。"

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