Basis of anti-osteoporosis drug application: Bone biochemical metabolic markers and bone histopathology

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.28.005

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Now, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry is internationally recognized as gold standard for the diagnosis of osteoporosis, but the errors can be found in the measurement results due to the heterotopic ossification and bone hyperplasia exists in the measurement part.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical significance of bone metabolic markers in the diagnosis and treatment of elderly patients with osteoporotic fractures, and to research its correlation with the changes of pathologicalhistology and bone mineral density.

METHODS:Four bone biochemical markers in 50 elderly patients with osteoporosic fractures were measured preoperatively. According to the results, 25 patients had significantly increased tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (considered as the increased tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b group), and 25 patients had increased bone alkaline phosphatase (considered as the increased bone alkaline phosphatase group). During operation, the bone tissues of eight patients in each group were treated with hematoxylin-eosin staining and electron microscopy scanning in order to detect the pathological changes. After operation, the patients in the increased tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b group received salmon calcitonin anti-osteoporosis treatment, and the patients in the increased bone alkaline phosphatase group received the anti-osteoporosis treatment of bone peptide injection. The bone mineral density and the four bone biochemical markers were detected again at 6 months after treatment.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There were no significant differences in the preoperative bone mineral density and four biomechanical markers between two groups (P > 0.05). The pathological examination results of bone tissue on the fracture site showed that the number of osteoblasts was reduced and the number of oeteoclasts was increased in the increased tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b group; while in the increased bone alkaline phosphatase group, the pathological examination results showed the number of osteoblasts was reduced; the trabecular bone/bone area ratio was decreased in two groups, and there was a significant difference in the decrease degree between two groups (P < 0.05). The electron microscope scanning showed that the osteoclasts of two groups were more active than that of the normal group. The sloppy of trabecular bone in the increased tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b group was more obvious than that in the increased bone alkaline phosphatase group, and the absorption vacuoles were increased. There were significant differences in the bone mineral density and four biomechanical markers between two groups before and after anti-osteoporosis treatment (P < 0.05). The detection of bone metabolic markers could help us to make it clearly that the main function of osteoblast reduce or osteoclast increase in bone tissue of patients, and guide us to use anti-osteoporosis drugs in target. Pathological histology examination can better reflect the condition of osteoblasts, osteoclasts and trabecular bone in bone tissue on the fracture site. Target application of anti-osteoporosis drugs in the osteoporosis patients can effectively improve the efficacy and reduce the relative complications.

Key words: tissue construction, bone tissue construction, osteoporosis, fracture, bone mineral density, bone metabolism, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, biochemical markers, old, pathological examination

CLC Number:

R318

Yu Hua-wei, Wang Zhao-jie, Hu Xiao-jun, Zhao Jun-yan, Qi Xin-wen. Basis of anti-osteoporosis drug application: Bone biochemical metabolic markers and bone histopathology[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2013, 17(28): 5126-5132.

Figures/Tables 6

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