Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (1): 154-158.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2003

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New insight into cell transplantation for repairing intervertebral discs

Liu Tingting1, 2, Han Changxu2, Wang Guoqiang2   

  1. 1Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; 2the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2019-04-24 Revised:2019-04-30 Accepted:2019-06-12 Online:2020-01-08 Published:2019-12-13
  • Contact: Wang Guoqiang, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China Han Changxu, MD, Associate chief physician, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Liu Tingting, Master candidate, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010059, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, No. 2017MS08119

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Current treatment of disc degeneration is limited to palliative care or active surgical intervention, but neither can it slow or reverse disease progression, nor is the long-term efficacy satisfactory. In recent years, with the continuous development of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, the use of cell therapy to repair degenerative intervertebral discs has attracted more and more researchers’ attention.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the current status of cell transplantation in the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration, and to provide theoretical basis and experimental basis for future research.

METHODS: The relevant articles were retrieved from the CNKI, WanFang and PubMed databases by computer. The search time was set from January 2001 to January 2019. The keywords were “intervertebral disc degeneration, cell therapy, stem cells, cell transplantation” in Chinese and English, respectively. Articles related to stem cell treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration, especially focusing on the latest experimental and clinical research results, were included.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Degeneration of the intervertebral disc is mainly caused by the decreased vitality and quantity of nucleus pulposus cells, the reduction of proteoglycan synthesis, the dehydration of nucleus pulposus and the increase of metabolic waste. Continuous explorations on the therapeutic mechanism by which cell transplantation promotes nucleus pulposus regeneration cannot only provide a more detailed understanding of the pathogenesis and repair mechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration, but also give new strategies for the prevention and cell therapy of other related diseases.

Key words: cell transplantation, intervertebral disc degeneration, nucleus pulposus, pluripotent stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, chondrocytes-like cells, intervertebral disc derived cells

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