Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Mesencephalon-derived neural stem cells (NSCs) differentiate into dopaminergic neurons in hypoxia and transgenic condition with body culture morphology and function of adequate maturity of dopamine neurons. Mesencephalon-derived NSCs become ideal seed cells for the treatment of Parkinson's disease with the rapid development of stem cell transplantation in the past few years.
OBJECTIVE: To review research progress of mesencephalon-derived NSCs transgene for treating Parkinson's disease.
METHODS: PubMed database was retrieved in computer (1992-01/2006-12), with the key words of “Neural Stem Cell(NSC), Mesencephalic Neural Stem Cell (M-NSC), Neural Stem Cell Transplant, Parkinson’s Disease (PD)”. Simultaneously, China Journal Full-Text Database (2003-01/2008-12) was retrieved with the same key words.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The NSCs and in the basic research of M-NSCs and M-NSCs transplantation in the treatment of PD-related documents were selected. A total of 83 documents were collected. Following reading titles and abstracts, 14 studies with irrelative objectives and contents, 16 studies with repetitive contents and 53 articles of Meta analysis were excluded. Totally 47 literatures were included. The main pathologic changes of Parkinson's disease are a dopaminergic neuron degeneration of necrosis in the brain substantia nigra. Using genetically modified neural stem cells in treatment of Parkinson's disease is the most recognized as the most promising treatment. In the hypoxia conditions, transgenic culture of brain-derived neural stem cells can be effectively induced to differentiate into dopaminergic neurons, provide experimental basis for in vitro sufficient amount of dopamine neuron transplantation in the treatment of PD. Basic research of neural stem cells have achieved certain results, but clinical and experimental study of neural stem cell transplantation in the treatment of PD is still stuck in the laboratory stage. Mesencephalic neural stem cell biological characteristics, isolation, proliferation and differentiation are subject to further study. In addition, biological safety problems using mesencephalic neural stem cells in the human body gradually attracted the attention of the people. In vitro neural stem cells of many passages would occur, and will bring certain side effects, and tumorigenicity remains in further exploration.