Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (11): 1772-1779.doi: 10.12307/2023.964

Previous Articles     Next Articles

Regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic strategies for pyroptosis after spinal cord injury

Shang Wenya1, Ren Yafeng2, Li Bing2, Wei Huilin1, Zhang Zhilan1, Huang Xiaomeng1, Huang Jing1   

  1. 1Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan Province, China; 2The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2023-01-10 Accepted:2023-02-11 Online:2024-04-18 Published:2023-07-27
  • Contact: Ren Yafeng, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
  • About author:Shang Wenya, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, Henan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National TCM Clinical Research Base Scientific Research Special Project of Henan Provincial TCM Administration, No. 2018JDZX010 (to RYF); Special Project of Henan Provincial TCM Scientific Research, No. 20-21ZY2164 (to RYF [project participant]); Special Project of Henan Provincial TCM Scientific Research, No. 2021JDZY022 (to RYF)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Cell death and neuroinflammation are two important targets in the treatment of spinal cord injury. Pyroptosis is a programmed cell death closely related to neuroinflammation and targeted inhibition of pyroptosis after spinal cord injury is a promising therapeutic strategy.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the molecular mechanism, positive and negative regulatory factors and therapeutic strategies of pyroptosis in spinal cord injury.
METHODS: The search terms were “spinal cord injury, pyroptosis, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), Caspase, Gasdermin D (GSDMD), IL-1β, IL-18” and 93 English literatures included in PubMed and Web of Science were finally selected for review. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: As a newly discovered programmed cell death, pyroptosis has been shown to play an important role in the secondary injury stage after spinal cord injury. Among the regulatory factors of pyroptosis after spinal cord injury, CD73, NRF2, GDF-11, dopamine, FANCC and miR-423-5P could inhibit pyroptosis, while TLR4 and Aopps could promote pyroptosis. In terms of treatment, the active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine (paeonol, tripterine, betulinic acid, piperine, kaempferol, and camptothecin), exosomes of various cell origins, and some drugs (metformin, topotecan, lithium, zinc, and carbon monoxide-releasing molecule 3) can effectively inhibit pyroptosis and reduce secondary spinal cord injury, but the toxicity and specific dose of these drugs need to be further studied. The specific molecular mechanism by which pyroptosis aggravates spinal cord injury is still poorly understood. The role of non-classical pathways and other inflammasomes is worth further exploration. At present, the research on pyroptosis after spinal cord injury only stays at the animal experiment stage. There are no related clinical studies and no approved targeted therapeutic drugs. (6) The application of pyroptosis after spinal cord injury has great potential, and its specific regulatory mechanism should be further studied in the future to provide a new target for the treatment of spinal cord injury. 

Key words: ">spinal cord injury, pyroptosis, NLRP3, Caspase, Gasdermin D, regulator, anti-pyroptosis therapy

CLC Number: