Effect of Gushukang on osteogenic differentiation in a Beagle dog model during orthodontic root resorption and its mechanism

doi:10.12307/2022.530

Abstract

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Root resorption is a common complication in molar intrusion, which is unpredictable. There is currently no effective treatment in clinical practice. Gushukang can promote the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts and inhibit the activity of osteoclasts. It is mainly used for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and bone defects, but there are few studies on root resorption.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Gushukang on osteogenic differentiation in a Beagle dog model of orthodontic root resorption and its possible mechanism.
METHODS: Sixteen male Beagle dogs were randomly divided into a normal control group (n=4), a distilled water group (n=6) and a Gushukang group (n=6). The normal control group did not undergo any intervention. A bilateral maxillary first molar intrusion animal model (orthodontic surgery) was established in the distilled water group and Gushukang group. After the model was made, distilled water and Gushukang [2.1 g/(kg·d)] were given by gavage in the distilled water and Gushukang groups, respectively. At the 6th, 9th, and 12th weeks after modeling, the first molar tissue was taken. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the mRNA expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, dentin sialophosphoprotein, bone morphogenetic protein 2, and osteocalcin. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 and beta-catenin.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: General observation showed that the first molar appeared to be significantly intruded with time, and the effect was most obvious at the 12th week. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction test showed that, at the same time point, the mRNA expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2, dentin sialophosphoprotein, runt-related transcription factor 2 and osteocalcin in the Gushukang group was higher than that in the other two groups (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 and runt-related transcription factor 2 in the distilled water group was lower than that in the normal control group (P < 0.05). And there was no significant difference in the mRNA expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2, dentin sialophosphoprotein, runt-related transcription factor 2 and osteocalcin at three observational time points in the Gushukang group (P > 0.05). Western blot analysis showed that, at the same time point, the protein expression of beta-catenin and runt-related transcription factor 2 in the Gushukang group was higher than that in the other two groups (P < 0.05), and the protein expression of beta-catenin and runt-related transcription factor 2 in the distilled water group was lower than that in the normal control group (P < 0.05). The protein expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 in the Gushukang group at 9 and 12 weeks after modeling was higher than that at 6 weeks after modeling (P < 0.05), and the protein expression of beta-catenin at 12 weeks after modeling was higher than that at 9 weeks after modeling (P < 0.05). To conclude, Gushukang may promote osteogenic differentiation in orthodontic molar tissue and maintain the bone matrix in Beagle dogs by activating bone morphogenetic protein 2 and runt-related transcription factor 2/beta-catenin pathway.

Key words: root resorption, Gushukang, osteogenic differentiation, animal model, molar intrusion, implant nail, dog, orthodontic treatment

CLC Number:

Wan Zhe, Du Jun, He Jing, Hu Yang. Effect of Gushukang on osteogenic differentiation in a Beagle dog model during orthodontic root resorption and its mechanism[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2022, 26(17): 2654-2659.

Figures/Tables 5

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