Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (12): 1866-1871.doi: 10.12307/2022.509

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Three-dimensional finite element analysis of anterior cervical fixation system in children

Li Kun1, 2, Wang Xing1, 2, Li Zhijun1, 2, Gao Shang1, Sun Hao3, Xiong Feng2, Wang Peng2    

  1. 1Department of Human Anatomy, 2Digital Medical Center, 3Student Administration Office, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2021-03-22 Revised:2021-03-24 Accepted:2021-04-30 Online:2022-04-28 Published:2021-12-14
  • Contact: Li Zhijun, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Human Anatomy, and Digital Medical Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China Gao Shang, Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, Department of Human Anatomy, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Li Kun, Master, Department of Human Anatomy, and Digital Medical Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China Wang Xing, MD, Department of Human Anatomy, and Digital Medical Center, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010000, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China Li Kun and Wang Xing contributed equally to this article.
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81860382 (to WX); National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81860383 (to LZJ); Youth Fund Project of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. YKD2020QNCX055 (to LK); Talent Cultivation Project of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. YCPY20200090 (to LK); Talent Cultivation Project of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. YCPY20200002 (to LK); Laboratory Open Project of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. 2020ZN48 (to LK); Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Project of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. 202010132001 (to XF); Natural Science Foundation Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, No. 2020LH08021 (to LZJ); Natural Science Foundation Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, No. 2020MS03061 (to WX); Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, No. 2019MS08017 (to ZSJ); Science and Technology Million Project of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. YKD2017KJBW015 (to GS)

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Abstract: BACKGROUND: Occipito-atlanto-axial joint has its own characteristics in morphological development and physiological characteristics, and clinical injuries are common in children. The differences between the biomechanical characteristics of occipito-atlantoaxial internal fixation (a way to maintain the stability of the atlantoaxial spine) and conventional fusion need further study.  
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the biomechanics of a new occipitocervical anterior internal fixation device in children by three-dimensional finite element analysis.
METHODS:  The transverse ligament and joint capsule were deleted on the basis of the established three-dimensional finite element model of the normal C0-C2 joint, and the occipitocervical injury model was simulated. A new type of anterior occipitocervical internal fixation device was placed on the model to construct the finite element model of internal fixation. The motion range and stress of each model were compared and analyzed by the finite element method.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the normal children’s finite element model of occipitocervical titanium plate-screw internal fixation, the occipitocervical and atlantoaxial motion was significantly limited in flexion and extension, lateral flexion and rotation, indicating that this occipitocervical internal fixation system could achieve better stability. During the flexion, extension, lateral flexion and rotation of the occipito-atlantoaxial structure, the stress mainly concentrated on the contact between the titanium plate and the slope, the axial vertebral body, and the contact between the screw and the bone surface. The maximum stress originated from the contact between the screw and the titanium plate, indicating that the stress of the occipitocervical internal fixation system was relatively dispersed, which reduced the risk of screw-titanium plate fracture.

Key words: occipito-atlantoaxial, internal fixation, finite element, children, motion range, stress

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