Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (29): 4743-4749.doi: 10.12307/2021.178

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Mechanisms of neuroinflammation in mild cognitive impairment

Du Yihong1, Sun Yan1, Yang Ruoyu2, Wang Liyan2, Cai Ming2    

  1. 1Sports and Health College, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi Province, China; 2College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
  • Received:2020-07-21 Revised:2020-07-22 Accepted:2020-08-13 Online:2021-10-18 Published:2021-07-22
  • Contact: Cai Ming, MD, Lecturer, College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
  • About author:Du Yihong, Master candidate, Sports and Health College, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi Province, China; College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China Sun Yan, MD, Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, Sports and Health College, East China Jiaotong University, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Youth Fund Project of Research Planning Foundation on Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education, No. 20YJCZH001 (to CM)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Clinically, mild cognitive impairment is a transitional state between the normal aging and Alzheimer’s disease, which is considered to be an appropriate stage to prevent or change the progressive degeneration of Alzheimer’s disease. In recent years, increasing studies have shown that neuroinflammation is the core pathogenesis and one of the main early pathological features of mild cognitive impairment.
OBJECTIVE: To review the global research progress in the mechanisms of neuroinflammation leading to mild cognitive impairment.
METHODS: Using “neuroinflammation, mild cognitive impairment, proinflammatory cytokines, microglia, astroglia, NLRP3, NF-κB, TNF-α, CD40” as the key words in English and Chinese, respectively, we retrieved the related literatures on the neuroinflammation mechanism of mild cognitive impairment from 2000 to 2020 in PubMed, CNKI, and WanFang databases.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A series of complex factors will cause neuroinflammation, such as chronic systemic inflammation caused by brain trauma, diabetes and obesity, energy metabolism disorders in the brain, β-amyloid protein deposition and aging. Neuroinflammation will activate glial cells in the central nervous system. Activated glial cells will continuously release inflammatory factors, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, NLRP3, nuclear factor-κB, and CD40 to damage neurons and synapses, which damage neurons and axons in the brain, and eventually lead to cognitive dysfunction. Therefore, regulating neuroinflammation is expected to become an effective treatment strategy for mild cognitive impairment.


Key words: mild cognitive impairment, neuroinflammation, astrocyte, microglia, signaling pathway, NLRP3, nuclear factor-κB, tumor necrosis factor-α, CD40

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