中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (34): 9075-9080.doi: 10.12307/2026.851

• 组织工程相关大数据分析 Big data analysis in tissue engineering • 上一篇    下一篇

老年人骨骼肌质量与中国健康膳食指数的关联性

陈思敏1,宋  锐2,彭  星2,王  杰3,井召航2,帕尔哈提•那斯尔2,阿卜杜乃比•吾普尔2,何  琪2,杨  蕾2   

  1. 1新疆医科大学医学工程技术学院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市  830017;2新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市  830054;3新疆大学数学与系统科学学院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市  830046
  • 收稿日期:2025-10-15 修回日期:2026-01-21 出版日期:2026-12-08 发布日期:2026-04-15
  • 通讯作者: 杨蕾,博士,副教授,新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市 830054
  • 作者简介:陈思敏,女,1997年生,硕士,主要从事营养流行病方面的研究。 共同第一作者:宋锐,男,2002年生,在读硕士,主要从事营养流行病方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    新疆医科大学自然科学青年研究项目(2024XYZR14),项目负责人:陈思敏

Correlation between skeletal muscle mass and Chinese healthy eating index in older adults

Chen Simin1, Song Rui2, Peng Xing2, Wang Jie3, Jing Zhaohang2, Parhati Nasr2, Abdunabi Wupu2, He Qi2, Yang Lei2    

  1. 1School of Medical Engineering and Technology, 2School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; 3School of Mathematics and Systems Science, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2025-10-15 Revised:2026-01-21 Online:2026-12-08 Published:2026-04-15
  • Contact: Yang Lei, PhD, Associate professor, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Chen Simin, MS, School of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China Song Rui, MS candidate, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China Chen Simin and Song Rui contributed equally to this work.
  • Supported by:
    Natural Science Youth Research Project of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 2024XYZR14 (to CSM)

摘要:



文题释义:
中国健康膳食指数:中国健康膳食指数是基于《中国居民膳食指南(2016)》制定的饮食质量评价工具,涵盖谷类、蔬菜、水果、蛋白质来源及限量食物等16个维度,采用密度计分法可全面反映个体膳食与指南推荐的符合程度。利用中国健康膳食指数量化老年人饮食模式,评估中国健康膳食指数与骨骼肌质量的关系。
低骨骼肌质量:是指骨骼肌含量低于正常水平,常依据性别和身高调整的肌肉指数来判断。低骨骼肌质量是肌少症的核心诊断指标,与跌倒、骨折、失能和死亡风险增加密切相关。此研究依据2019年亚洲肌少症工作组标准诊断低骨骼肌质量,以评估饮食质量对低骨骼肌质量风险的影响。

背景:随着中国人口老龄化程度不断加深,低骨骼肌质量已成为一个严峻的公共卫生问题。膳食与肌肉量密切相关,然而现有研究多集中于单一营养素的作用,仍缺乏针对中国整体膳食模式与骨骼肌质量关系的系统性探索。
目的:通过分析中国健康膳食指数与老年人骨骼肌质量之间的关联,为老年人膳食优化及低骨骼肌质量防控提供科学依据。
方法:基于2018年中国纵向健康寿命调查数据,纳入8 114名研究对象,采用中国健康膳食指数评估老年人膳食质量,采用骨骼肌质量指数评估老年人骨骼肌肉量,并根据2019年亚洲肌少症工作组标准诊断低骨骼肌质量。采用多因素Logistic回归分析,探讨中国健康膳食指数与低骨骼肌质量之间的关联。
结果与结论:①单因素分析显示:总体中国健康膳食指数(OR=0.52,95%CI:0.46-0.59)、动物性中国健康膳食指数(OR=0.85,95%CI:0.75-0.97)、植物性中国健康膳食指数(OR=0.43,95%CI:0.38-0.49)的最高四分位数(Q4)组均与低骨骼肌质量显著关联(P < 0.001);②多因素Logistic回归显示:相较于最低四分位数(Q1)组,总体中国健康膳食指数、动物性中国健康膳食指数和植物性中国健康膳食指数的最高四分位数(Q4)组的低骨骼肌质量风险分别降低30%(OR=0.70,95%CI:0.60-0.83,P < 0.05)、20%(OR=0.80,95%CI:0.68-0.94,P < 0.05)和20%(OR=0.80,95%CI:0.69-0.94,P < 0.05);趋势检验进一步表明,较高的膳食质量与较低的低骨骼肌质量风险呈显著关联(P_trend < 0.001);③亚组分析显示:在女性研究对象中,与最低四分位数(Q1)组相比,最高四分位数(Q4)组的总体中国健康膳食指数、动物性中国健康膳食指数和植物性中国健康膳食指数的低骨骼肌质量风险分别降低43%(OR=0.57,95%CI:0.45-0.72,P < 0.05)、29%(OR=0.71,95%CI:0.56-0.88,P < 0.001)和33%(OR=0.67,95%CI:0.54-0.83,P < 0.001);在男性中未发现相关性。结果表明:较高的膳食质量与较低的低骨骼肌质量发生风险呈显著关联,采取健康饮食是一种有效预防骨骼肌肉量减少的干预措施。
https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0879-1427(陈思敏);https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1434-1359(宋锐)


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 中国纵向健康寿命调查(CLHLS), 中国健康膳食指数, 骨骼肌肉量, 老年人

Abstract: BACKGROUND: With the deepening of China’s aging population, low skeletal muscle mass has become a serious public health problem. Diet is closely linked to muscle mass; however, existing research has mostly focused on the effects of a single nutrient, and there is still a lack of systematic exploration of the relationship between China’s overall dietary pattern and skeletal muscle quality. 
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the correlation between the Chinese healthy eating index and skeletal muscle mass in older adults, thereby providing scientific evidence for optimizing diets for the elderly and preventing low skeletal muscle mass.
METHODS: Based on the data from the 2018 China Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), 8 114 study subjects were included. The Chinese healthy eating index was used to evaluate the dietary quality of older adults, and skeletal muscle mass index was used to calculate the skeletal muscle mass of older adults. Low skeletal muscle mass was diagnosed according to the 2019 Asian Musculosis Working Group criteria. Multiple Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the association between China’s Healthy Diet Index and low skeletal muscle mass. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Univariate analysis showed that the highest quartile (Q4) group of the overall Chinese healthy eating index [odds ratio (OR)=0.52, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.46-0.59], animal-based Chinese healthy eating index (OR=0.85, 95% CI: 0.75-0.97), and plant-based Chinese healthy eating index (OR=0.43, 95% CI: 0.38-0.49) was significantly associated with low skeletal muscle mass (P < 0.001). (2) Multivariate logistic regression showed that compared with the lowest quartile (Q1) group, the highest quartile (Q4) group of overall Chinese healthy eating index, animal-based Chinese healthy eating index, and plant-based Chinese healthy eating index had a 30% (OR=0.70, 95% CI: 0.60-0.83, P < 0.05), 20% (OR=0.80, 95% CI: 0.68-0.94, P < 0.05), and 20% (OR=0.80, 95% CI: 0.69-0.94, P < 0.05) reduction in low skeletal muscle mass risk, respectively. Trend testing further indicated that higher dietary quality was significantly associated with lower risk of low skeletal muscle mass (P_trend < 0.001). (3) Subgroup analysis showed that in female study subjects, compared with the lowest quartile (Q1), the highest quartile (Q4) group had a 43% (OR=0.57, 95% CI: 0.45-0.72, P < 0.05), 29% (OR=0.71, 95% CI: 0.56-0.88, P < 0.001), and 33% (OR=0.67, 95% CI: 0.54-0.83, P < 0.001) reduction in the risk of low skeletal muscle mass for the overall Chinese healthy eating index, animal-based Chinese healthy eating index, and plant-based Chinese healthy eating index, respectively. No correlation was found among males. These findings indicate that a higher Chinese healthy eating index is significantly associated with a reduced risk of low skeletal muscle mass in older adults. Adopting a healthy diet is an economically effective intervention to prevent a decrease in skeletal muscle mass.


Key words: China Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), Chinese healthy eating index, skeletal muscle mass, older adults 

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