中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (26): 6907-6915.doi: 10.12307/2026.389

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

纳米生物医学延缓骨关节炎进程的前沿与热点

伍宁缘1,韦智译2,丰  昊2,高  明1   

  1. 1广西医科大学生命科学研究院,广西壮族自治区南宁市   530021;2广西医科大学第一附属医院,广西壮族自治区南宁市   530021
  • 接受日期:2025-09-30 出版日期:2026-09-18 发布日期:2026-03-16
  • 通讯作者: 高明,博士,研究员,广西医科大学生命科学研究院,广西壮族自治区南宁市 530021
  • 作者简介:伍宁缘,男,1998年生,贵州省毕节市人,穿青人,硕士,主要从事生物医学材料研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(82160430),课题名称:线粒体靶向及功能调控的ROS响应型纳米探针用于骨关节炎诊疗的研究,项目负责人:高明

Frontiers and hot topics of nanobiomedicine in delaying the progression of osteoarthritis

Wu Ningyuan1, Wei Zhiyi2, Feng Hao2, Gao Ming1   

  1. 1Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; 2The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Accepted:2025-09-30 Online:2026-09-18 Published:2026-03-16
  • Contact: Gao Ming, MD, Researcher, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Wu Ningyuan, MS, Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82160430 (to GM)

摘要:

文题释义:
纳米生物医学:是融合纳米技术与生物医学的交叉学科,借助纳米材料在纳米尺度的独特物理化学性质,开发靶向药物载体、生物检测传感器、组织工程支架等器件。纳米生物医学的核心是实现疾病的精准诊断、高效治疗及生物功能调控,推动医学向个体化、微创化发展,在癌症治疗、再生医学等领域前景广阔。
骨关节炎:是一种常见的关节疾病,主要由于关节软骨磨损、破坏及关节周围骨质增生等原因引起,常表现为关节疼痛、肿胀、僵硬、活动受限。骨关节炎的发病与年龄、遗传、肥胖、关节损伤、过度使用等多种因素有关。

背景:纳米生物医学的应用能够有效缓解骨关节炎的氧化应激、降低骨关节炎的炎症反应以及促进关节表面修复,从而延缓骨关节炎的发生与发展进程。
目的:综述纳米生物医学延缓骨关节炎进程的研究现状以及未来发展与挑战。
方法:由第一作者检索中国知网、PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science数据库中收录的文章,文献检索时限为各数据库建库至2025年4月,以“纳米生物医学,纳米复合水凝胶,工程化生物体,骨关节炎”为中文检索词,以“nanobiomedicine,nanocomposited hydrogel,engineered organisms,osteoarthritis”为英文检索词,最终选取符合标准的90篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:目前纳米生物医学的研究进展正在不断更新,其中纳米生物材料成为当前骨关节炎治疗的主流研究方向。纳米生物医学材料具备抗炎抗氧化、软骨修复、精准递药、促进细胞分化和靶向治疗等功能,为骨关节炎的治疗提供了突破传统疗法局限(如药物短效、不良反应大、手术创伤大等缺点)的新方向。纳米生物医学的设计理念基于pH值、酶、温度等多响应机制,呈现智能响应与功能强化的集成特性,从而实现纳米载药体系的精准可控释药。

https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6008-2566 (伍宁缘)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料;口腔生物材料;纳米材料;缓释材料;材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 纳米生物医学, 骨关节炎, 纳米载药体系, 工程化生物体, 抗氧化, 抗炎, 免疫治疗, 纳米复合水凝胶

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The application of nanobiomedicine can effectively alleviate oxidative stress in osteoarthritis, reduce inflammatory responses of osteoarthritis, and promote joint surface repair, thus delaying the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis. 
OBJECTIVE: To review the research status, future development, and challenges of nanobiomedicine in delaying the progression of osteoarthritis. 
METHODS: The first author searched for articles indexed in the CNKI, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The literature search time limit was from the establishment of each database to April 2025. The Chinese and the English search terms were "nanobiomedicine, nanocomposited hydrogel, engineered organisms, osteoarthritis." Finally, 90 articles that met the criteria were selected for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Nanobiomedical research is constantly evolving, with nanobiomaterials becoming a mainstream research direction in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Nanobiomedical materials possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, cartilage repair, precise drug delivery, cell differentiation promotion, and targeted therapy, offering a new avenue for the treatment of osteoarthritis that transcends the limitations of traditional therapies (such as short-term drug effects, significant adverse reactions, and surgical trauma). Nanobiomedical design concepts, based on multi-responsive mechanisms such as pH, enzymes, and temperature, integrate intelligent responses with enhanced functionality, enabling precise and controlled drug release from nano-drug delivery systems.


Key words: nanobiomedicine, osteoarthritis, nanodrug delivery system, engineered organisms, antioxidation, anti-inflammation, immunotherapy, nanocomposite hydrogel

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